高地应力环境下梯段爆破诱发振动特征的试验研究
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摘要
采用傅里叶变换和小波变换等方法,对露天梯段爆破与高地应力环境下梯段爆破的实测数据进行对比分析,对高地应力环境下爆破施工所诱发振动的特征进行研究。分析结果表明:在岩性、钻爆参数相近的情况下,高地应力条件下梯段爆破的主频较高,而露天梯段爆破的主频则相对较低;露天梯段爆破诱发的振动主要来源于爆破荷载作用,而高地应力条件下梯段爆破诱发的振动为爆炸荷载作用产生的振动和地应力动态卸载产生的振动的叠加;地应力水平越高,初始地应力动态卸载所诱发的振动就越大。
The measured data of bench blasting under high in-situ stress circumstances and open-pit bench blasting were compared by means of Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform,and the characteristics of vibration induced by blasting excavation under high in-situ stress circumstances were studied.The results indicate that,with the similar rock condition and drilling-blasting parameters,the main frequency of bench blasting under high in-situ stress condition is higher than that of open-pit bench blasting;the vibration induced by open-pit bench blasting mainly originates from blasting load,while the vibration induced by bench blasting under high in-situ stress condition is the superposition of vibrations induced by explosion load and dynamic unloading of in-situ stress;the vibration induced by dynamic unloading of in-situ stress increases with stress level.
The measured data of bench blasting under high in-situ stress circumstances and open-pit bench blasting were compared by means of Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform,and the characteristics of vibration induced by blasting excavation under high in-situ stress circumstances were studied.The results indicate that,with the similar rock condition and drilling-blasting parameters,the main frequency of bench blasting under high in-situ stress condition is higher than that of open-pit bench blasting;the vibration induced by open-pit bench blasting mainly originates from blasting load,while the vibration induced by bench blasting under high in-situ stress condition is the superposition of vibrations induced by explosion load and dynamic unloading of in-situ stress;the vibration induced by dynamic unloading of in-situ stress increases with stress level.
引文
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[2]李彤华,唐春海,于亚伦.爆破振动的频谱特征及其工程应用[J].工程爆破,2000,6(2):1-5.
[3]凌同华,李夕兵.地下工程爆破振动信号能量分布的小波包分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,24(1):63-68.
[4]李洪涛,杨兴国,舒大强,等.不同爆源形式的爆破地震能量分布特征[J].四川大学学报,2010,42(1):30-40.
[5]Carter J P,Booker J R.Sudden Excavation of a LongCircular Tunnel in Elastic Ground[J].Int J Rock MinSci&Geomech Abstr,1990,27(2):129-132.
[6]卢文波,金李,陈明,等.节理岩体爆破开挖过程的动态卸载松动机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(s1):4653-4657.
[7]易长平,卢文波,许红涛,等.岩体开挖过程中初始应力的动态卸载效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(s1):4750-4754.
[8]卢文波,陈明,严鹏,等.高地应力条件下隧洞开挖诱发围岩振动特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(s1):3329-3334.
[9]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.
[10]凌同华,李夕兵.基于小波变换的时能分布确定微差爆破的实际延迟时间[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(13):2260-2270.
[11]吴从师,吴其苏.爆破地震模拟初探[J].爆炸与冲击,1990,10(2):170-175.
[12]卢文波,王进攻.爆源中远区的爆破振动场模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,13(3):8-11.
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