边坡工程耐久性研究分析
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摘要
首先分析了边坡工程存在的耐久性问题,提出边坡工程抗疲劳、抗风化和抗腐蚀设计的思路.边坡工程存在合理的服役寿命,在风化、动荷载作用以及腐蚀环境下,边坡岩土的工程性能和锚固体性能将产生劣化,直接影响到边坡工程的安全性及耐久性.边坡工程耐久性设计是确保边坡长期稳定的重要措施,应全面考虑时间效应的抗腐蚀、抗疲劳、抗风化等问题的工程设计方法.提出边坡工程的耐久性研究应在:边坡所处环境作用及其对耐久性的影响、边坡工程耐久性劣化机理、边坡工程耐久性设计、在役边坡工程耐久性评估及其服役寿命预测四个方面开展进一步的工作.
The durability of slope engineering is firstly analyzed,and the ideas of anti-fatigue,weathering-resistance and corrosion-resistance designs are proposed.There is a reasonable service life for slope engineering;under weathering,dynamic loads and corrosive environment,the engineering performance of rock and soil as well as the performance of anchorage body are degraded,which are directly related to the safety and durability of slope engineering.Durability design of slope engineering is the important measure to ensure the long-term stability of slope.Therefore,under the long-term effect,the corrosion-resistance,anti-fatigue,weathering-resistance,and other problems shall be fully considered in the engineering design.To this end,the research on durability of slope engineering can be developed from four aspects: environment of slope and its influence on durability,degradation mechanism of slope engineering durability,durability design of slope engineering,durability assessment of in-service slope engineering and prediction of its service life.
The durability of slope engineering is firstly analyzed,and the ideas of anti-fatigue,weathering-resistance and corrosion-resistance designs are proposed.There is a reasonable service life for slope engineering;under weathering,dynamic loads and corrosive environment,the engineering performance of rock and soil as well as the performance of anchorage body are degraded,which are directly related to the safety and durability of slope engineering.Durability design of slope engineering is the important measure to ensure the long-term stability of slope.Therefore,under the long-term effect,the corrosion-resistance,anti-fatigue,weathering-resistance,and other problems shall be fully considered in the engineering design.To this end,the research on durability of slope engineering can be developed from four aspects: environment of slope and its influence on durability,degradation mechanism of slope engineering durability,durability design of slope engineering,durability assessment of in-service slope engineering and prediction of its service life.
引文
[1]孙伟.荷载与环境因素藕合作用下结构混凝土的耐久性与服役寿命[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2006,36(S):7-14.
[2]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.
[3]Mendes J.Assessment of the impact of climate change on an instrumented embankment:an unsaturated soil mechanics approach[D].Durham:Durham University,2011.
[4]Bhasin R,Kaynia A M.Static and dynamic simulation of a 700-m high rock slope in western Norway[J].Engineering Geolo-gy,2004,71(3/4):213-226.
[5]何铮,徐卫亚,石崇,等.顺层岩质高边坡地震变形破坏机制三维数值反演研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3 512-3 518.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,等.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[7]Rosser N J,Petley D N.Monitoring and modeling of slope movement on rock cliffs prior to failure[C]//Landslides and Engi-neering Slopes.London:Taylor&Francis Group,2008:1 265-1 271.
[8]Podvysotskii A,Dolgikh A.Assignment of safety criteria to the stability of earthen slopes of retaining structures[J].PowerTechnology and Engineering,2011,44(5):362-364.
[9]王胜年,潘德强.港口水工建筑物检测评估与耐久性寿命预测技术[J].水运工程,2011(1):116-123.
[10]殷惠光,李雁.长期荷载及氯盐侵蚀协同作用下海砂混凝土梁耐久性试验研究[J].建筑技术,2011,42(2):159-162.
[11]Akin M,Ozsan A.Evaluation of the long-term durability of yellow travertine using accelerated weathering tests[J].Bulletinof Engineering Geology and the Environment,2011,70(1):101-114.
[12]Vargas J E A,Chavez E,Gusmo L,et al.Is thermal fatigue a possible mechanism for failures of some rock slopes in Rio deJaneiro,Brazil[C]//43rd U S Rock Mechanics Symposium and 4th U S-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium.Alexandria:American Rock Mechanics Association,2009:967-973.
[13]Chen Hong-kai,Tang Hong-mei.Method to calculate fatigue fracture life of control fissure in perilous rock[J].AppliedMathematics and Mechanics:English Edition,2007,28(5):643-649.
[14]吴海斌.国内预应力锚杆(索)防护要求与存在的问题[J].中国三峡建设,2002(8):13-14.
[15]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.
[16]Rahardjo H,Ong T H,Rezaur R B,et al.Factors controlling instability of homogeneous soil slopes under rainfall[J].JGeotech and Geoenvir Engrg,2007,133(12):1 532-1 543.
[17]张国新,武晓峰.裂隙渗流对岩石边坡稳定的影响-渗流,变形耦合作用的DDA法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1 269-1 275.
[18]Luzio E Di,Bianchi-Fasani G,Esposito C,et al.Massive rock-slope failure in the Central Apennines(Italy):the case ofthe Campo di Giove rock avalanche[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2004,63(1):1-12.
[19]简文彬,胡忠志,樊秀峰,等.边坡对循环荷载的响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 562-2 567.
[20]任爱武,汪彦枢,王玉杰,等.拉力集中全长黏结型锚索长期耐久性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(3):493-499.
[21]张友葩,高永涛,方祖烈,等.交通荷载下挡土墙的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(1):18-22.
[22]李海波,蒋会军,赵坚,等.动荷载作用下岩体工程安全的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1 887-1 891.
[23]Jian Wen-bin,Li Run,Peng Jun.Study of the fatigue degradation of rock slope under cyclic loading[C]//Controlling Seis-mic Hazard and Sustainable Development of Deep Mines:RaSiM 7.New Jersey:Rinton Press,2009:1 519-1 524.
[24]秋仁东,石玉成,付长华.高边坡在水平动荷载作用下的动力响应规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):131-138.
[25]Bagde M N,Petros V.Fatigue and dynamic energy behaviour of rock subjected to cyclical loading[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):200-209.
[26]严晓新,李玉河.爆破动力对岩石边坡稳定性影响[J].隧道建设,2003,23(6):15-17.
[27]刘美山,吴从清,张正宇.小湾水电站高边坡爆破震动安全判据试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2007,24(1):40-43.
[28]谷天峰,王家鼎,任权,等.循环荷载作用下黄土边坡变形研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(S1):3 156-3 162.
[29]何天贵.公路高填方挡墙在车辆等动荷载作用下的稳定性分析[J].科技信息,2008(4):110-111.
[30]吴顺川,金爱兵,王金安.车辆荷载下路基挡土结构失稳机理数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):258-262.
[31]叶四桥,唐红梅,肖盛燮,等.汽车荷载对滑坡稳定性的影响分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(5):106-109.
[32]国家自然科学基金委员会.高速铁路基础研究联合基金2011年度项目指南[EB/OL].2011[2011-07-26].http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/nsfc/fj/20110726_fj01.doc.
[33]肖健友.高速列车荷载下土坡动力响应及其稳定性研究[D].福州:福州大学,2010.
[34]沈珠江.抗风化设计———未来岩土工程设计的一个重要内容[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):866-869.
[35]胡杰刚,俞敏,全洪波,等.桂柳高速公路边坡岩石风化速度的研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2003(4):67-71.
[36]吴迪.基于强度弱化效应的土坡稳定分析[D].福州:福州大学,2009.
[37]杨磊,贺跃光,乔迎欣.公路边坡钢锚管锚固体系耐久性问题探讨[J].公路交通科技:应用技术版,2007(9):75-78.
[38]何思明,李新波.预应力锚杆作用机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(9):1 876-1 880.
[39]贾金庆,郑卫锋.预应力锚杆柔性支护技术数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):982-987.
[40]姜朋明,盛欢,许为强.预应力锚杆地震反应分析[C]//第三届全国岩土与工程学术大会论文集.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2009:729-731.
[41]胡忠志,简文彬.永久振动环境中岩土锚杆适用性的分析和测试[J].岩土力学,2010,31(8):2 599-2 603.
[42]王栋,张德高.关于预应力锚索破坏失效及防护问题的探讨[J].云南水力发电,2007,23(2):77-79.
[43]曾宪明,陈肇元,王靖涛,等.锚固类结构安全性与耐久性问题探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(13):2 235-2 242.
[44]黄生文,邱贤辉,何唯平,等.FRP土钉主要性能的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(8):74-78.
[2]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.
[3]Mendes J.Assessment of the impact of climate change on an instrumented embankment:an unsaturated soil mechanics approach[D].Durham:Durham University,2011.
[4]Bhasin R,Kaynia A M.Static and dynamic simulation of a 700-m high rock slope in western Norway[J].Engineering Geolo-gy,2004,71(3/4):213-226.
[5]何铮,徐卫亚,石崇,等.顺层岩质高边坡地震变形破坏机制三维数值反演研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3 512-3 518.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,等.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[7]Rosser N J,Petley D N.Monitoring and modeling of slope movement on rock cliffs prior to failure[C]//Landslides and Engi-neering Slopes.London:Taylor&Francis Group,2008:1 265-1 271.
[8]Podvysotskii A,Dolgikh A.Assignment of safety criteria to the stability of earthen slopes of retaining structures[J].PowerTechnology and Engineering,2011,44(5):362-364.
[9]王胜年,潘德强.港口水工建筑物检测评估与耐久性寿命预测技术[J].水运工程,2011(1):116-123.
[10]殷惠光,李雁.长期荷载及氯盐侵蚀协同作用下海砂混凝土梁耐久性试验研究[J].建筑技术,2011,42(2):159-162.
[11]Akin M,Ozsan A.Evaluation of the long-term durability of yellow travertine using accelerated weathering tests[J].Bulletinof Engineering Geology and the Environment,2011,70(1):101-114.
[12]Vargas J E A,Chavez E,Gusmo L,et al.Is thermal fatigue a possible mechanism for failures of some rock slopes in Rio deJaneiro,Brazil[C]//43rd U S Rock Mechanics Symposium and 4th U S-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium.Alexandria:American Rock Mechanics Association,2009:967-973.
[13]Chen Hong-kai,Tang Hong-mei.Method to calculate fatigue fracture life of control fissure in perilous rock[J].AppliedMathematics and Mechanics:English Edition,2007,28(5):643-649.
[14]吴海斌.国内预应力锚杆(索)防护要求与存在的问题[J].中国三峡建设,2002(8):13-14.
[15]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.
[16]Rahardjo H,Ong T H,Rezaur R B,et al.Factors controlling instability of homogeneous soil slopes under rainfall[J].JGeotech and Geoenvir Engrg,2007,133(12):1 532-1 543.
[17]张国新,武晓峰.裂隙渗流对岩石边坡稳定的影响-渗流,变形耦合作用的DDA法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1 269-1 275.
[18]Luzio E Di,Bianchi-Fasani G,Esposito C,et al.Massive rock-slope failure in the Central Apennines(Italy):the case ofthe Campo di Giove rock avalanche[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2004,63(1):1-12.
[19]简文彬,胡忠志,樊秀峰,等.边坡对循环荷载的响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 562-2 567.
[20]任爱武,汪彦枢,王玉杰,等.拉力集中全长黏结型锚索长期耐久性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(3):493-499.
[21]张友葩,高永涛,方祖烈,等.交通荷载下挡土墙的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(1):18-22.
[22]李海波,蒋会军,赵坚,等.动荷载作用下岩体工程安全的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1 887-1 891.
[23]Jian Wen-bin,Li Run,Peng Jun.Study of the fatigue degradation of rock slope under cyclic loading[C]//Controlling Seis-mic Hazard and Sustainable Development of Deep Mines:RaSiM 7.New Jersey:Rinton Press,2009:1 519-1 524.
[24]秋仁东,石玉成,付长华.高边坡在水平动荷载作用下的动力响应规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):131-138.
[25]Bagde M N,Petros V.Fatigue and dynamic energy behaviour of rock subjected to cyclical loading[J].International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):200-209.
[26]严晓新,李玉河.爆破动力对岩石边坡稳定性影响[J].隧道建设,2003,23(6):15-17.
[27]刘美山,吴从清,张正宇.小湾水电站高边坡爆破震动安全判据试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2007,24(1):40-43.
[28]谷天峰,王家鼎,任权,等.循环荷载作用下黄土边坡变形研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(S1):3 156-3 162.
[29]何天贵.公路高填方挡墙在车辆等动荷载作用下的稳定性分析[J].科技信息,2008(4):110-111.
[30]吴顺川,金爱兵,王金安.车辆荷载下路基挡土结构失稳机理数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):258-262.
[31]叶四桥,唐红梅,肖盛燮,等.汽车荷载对滑坡稳定性的影响分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(5):106-109.
[32]国家自然科学基金委员会.高速铁路基础研究联合基金2011年度项目指南[EB/OL].2011[2011-07-26].http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/nsfc/fj/20110726_fj01.doc.
[33]肖健友.高速列车荷载下土坡动力响应及其稳定性研究[D].福州:福州大学,2010.
[34]沈珠江.抗风化设计———未来岩土工程设计的一个重要内容[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):866-869.
[35]胡杰刚,俞敏,全洪波,等.桂柳高速公路边坡岩石风化速度的研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2003(4):67-71.
[36]吴迪.基于强度弱化效应的土坡稳定分析[D].福州:福州大学,2009.
[37]杨磊,贺跃光,乔迎欣.公路边坡钢锚管锚固体系耐久性问题探讨[J].公路交通科技:应用技术版,2007(9):75-78.
[38]何思明,李新波.预应力锚杆作用机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(9):1 876-1 880.
[39]贾金庆,郑卫锋.预应力锚杆柔性支护技术数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):982-987.
[40]姜朋明,盛欢,许为强.预应力锚杆地震反应分析[C]//第三届全国岩土与工程学术大会论文集.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2009:729-731.
[41]胡忠志,简文彬.永久振动环境中岩土锚杆适用性的分析和测试[J].岩土力学,2010,31(8):2 599-2 603.
[42]王栋,张德高.关于预应力锚索破坏失效及防护问题的探讨[J].云南水力发电,2007,23(2):77-79.
[43]曾宪明,陈肇元,王靖涛,等.锚固类结构安全性与耐久性问题探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(13):2 235-2 242.
[44]黄生文,邱贤辉,何唯平,等.FRP土钉主要性能的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(8):74-78.
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