宽带非平稳信号的瞬时频率测量方法
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摘要
针对宽带非平稳信号,提出一种瞬时频率测量方法.利用加限自适应滤波器将信号分解为多个渐进单频信号,根据其解析信号的相位函数求出其瞬时频率;综合所有分量的时频关系实现对宽带非平稳信号瞬时频率的准确测量.仿真实验和误差分析结果表明,该方法克服了Fourier分析、Wavelet变换和Hilbert-Huang算法求解宽带非平稳信号瞬时频率的困难,在整个分析频段都能实现较高的频率测量分辨率,对信噪比在0dB以上的信号具有优于0.2MHz的测量误差.对8μs长度信号,该方法除了有25.816μs初始运算延时外,对连续数据处理具有实时性,能够满足宽带非平稳信号频率的瞬时测量要求.
An instantaneous frequency measurement method for broadband non-stationary signal is presented.The signal can be decomposed into progressive single-frequency signals by added qualification adaptive filters.According to their phase functions of analytical signals,the instantaneous frequencies are obtained.By integration of time-frequency relationship of all components,the instantaneous frequencies of broadband non-stationary signal are accurately measured.Simulation and error analysis prove that this method overcomes the difficulties in instantaneous frequency measuring of Fourier analysis,Wavelet transformation and Hilbert-Huang algorithm for the broadband non-stationary signal.In the whole analyzed frequency band it can achieve a higher frequency measurement resolution and has a measurement error of less than 0.2MHz for the signals with an SNR of above 0dB.For 8μs long signal,this method has a better real-time processing capability,but an initial operational delay of 25.816μs.Therefore,this method can meet the requirements of instantaneous frequency measurement for the broadband non-stationary signal.
An instantaneous frequency measurement method for broadband non-stationary signal is presented.The signal can be decomposed into progressive single-frequency signals by added qualification adaptive filters.According to their phase functions of analytical signals,the instantaneous frequencies are obtained.By integration of time-frequency relationship of all components,the instantaneous frequencies of broadband non-stationary signal are accurately measured.Simulation and error analysis prove that this method overcomes the difficulties in instantaneous frequency measuring of Fourier analysis,Wavelet transformation and Hilbert-Huang algorithm for the broadband non-stationary signal.In the whole analyzed frequency band it can achieve a higher frequency measurement resolution and has a measurement error of less than 0.2MHz for the signals with an SNR of above 0dB.For 8μs long signal,this method has a better real-time processing capability,but an initial operational delay of 25.816μs.Therefore,this method can meet the requirements of instantaneous frequency measurement for the broadband non-stationary signal.
引文
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[12]杨世锡,胡劲松,吴昭同,等.旋转机械振动信号基于EMD的希尔伯特变换和Wavelet变换时频分析比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(6):102-107.Yang Shixi,Hu Jinsong,Wu Zhaotong,et al.The Comparison of Vibration Signals'Time-Frequency Analysis Between Emd-based HT and WT Method In Rotating Machinery[J].Proceedings of CSEE,2003,23(6):102-107.
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[2]王晋国,田丰,廖祖文,等.时频域内地震资料瞬时属性提取方法研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2005,32(5):802-806.Wang Jinguo,Tian Feng,Liao Zuwen,et al.On the Methods of Seismic Data Instantaneous Attributes Estimate in Time-Frequency Domain[J].Journal of Xidian University,2005,32(5):802-806.
[3]张海瑛,袁超伟.一种新的相位差精确测频法研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2007,34(6):969-973.Zhang Haiying,Yuan Chaowei.A New and Accurate Frequency Estimation Approach Based on the Phase Difference[J].Journalof Xidian University,2007,34(6):969-973.
[4]王红萍.宽带非平稳信号时频分析方法性能研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.
[5]刘林,郝保国.时频分析理论和应用[J].计算机自动测量与控制,2001,9(4):44-47.Liu Lin,Hao Baoguo.Theory and Application of Time-Frequency Analysis[J].Computer Automated Measurement&Control,2001,9(4):44-47.
[6]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,等.几种时频分析方法比较[J].地理学进展,2007,4(4):312-316.Chen Yuhong,Yang Changchun,Cao Qifang,et al.The Comparison of Some Time-Frequency Analysis Methods[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,4(4):312-316.
[7]孙云莲,刘敦敏.时频分析与Wavelet变换及其应用[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2003,36(2):103-106.Sun Yunlian,Liu Dunmin.Time-Frequency Analysis and Wavelet Transform and Their Applications[J].Engineering Journal ofWuhan University,2003,36(2):103-106.
[8]武安绪,吴培稚,兰从欣,等.Hilbert-Huang算法与地震信号的时频分析[J].中国地震,2005,21(2):207-215.Wu Anxu,Wu Peizhi,Lan Congxin,et al.Hilbert-Huang Transform and Time-Frequency Analysis of Seismic Signal[J].Earthquake Research In China,2005,21(2):207-215.
[9]王宏禹,邱天爽,陈喆.非平稳随机信号分析与处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.Wang Hongyu,Qiu Tianshuang,Chen Zhe.Non-stationary Random Signal Analysis and Processing[M].Beijing:NationalDefence Industry Press,2008.
[10]Gruchalla H,Czyzewski M,Slowik A.The Performance of the IFM Receiver in a Dense Signal Environment[C]//Proceeding ofthe 18th International Conference on Microwaves,Radar and Wireless Communications.Vilnius:IEEE,2010:1-4.
[11]Helton J,Chen C H,Lin D M,et al.FPGA-Based 1.2 GHz Bandwidth Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement[C]//Proceeding of the 9th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design.San Jose:IEEE,2008:568-571.
[12]杨世锡,胡劲松,吴昭同,等.旋转机械振动信号基于EMD的希尔伯特变换和Wavelet变换时频分析比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(6):102-107.Yang Shixi,Hu Jinsong,Wu Zhaotong,et al.The Comparison of Vibration Signals'Time-Frequency Analysis Between Emd-based HT and WT Method In Rotating Machinery[J].Proceedings of CSEE,2003,23(6):102-107.
[13]张贤达.现代信号处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[14]Haykin S.Adaptive Filter Theory[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[15]Naresh R S,Parhi K K.Relaxed Look-Ahead Pipelined LMS Adaptive Filters and Their Application to ADPCM Coder[J].IEEETrans on Circuits and Systems,1993,40(12):753-766.
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