水平层状岩体边坡动力响应中的结构面效应研究
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摘要
根据应力波传播原理分析了水平层状岩体边坡中应力波传播特征,建立了应力波在该类边坡中传播的模型。利用离散元软件UDEC分析了不同频率垂向压缩应力波作用下边坡动力响应规律中的结构面效应。结果表明:边坡中的水平层面对坡顶的动力响应有明显影响。低频应力波作用下,水平层状岩体边坡坡顶的垂向峰值速度较均质坡体相同部位的峰值速度的增加值随坡高增加而增大。较高频率应力波作用时,边坡顶部靠近坡面的垂向峰值速度高于无结构面边坡相同部位的峰值速度,远离坡面时情况相反;坡顶垂向峰值速度大小呈周期性变化,输入应力波频率越大该变化频次越高。研究结果将有助于进一步揭示各种不同岩体结构类型边坡在动力荷载作用下损伤机理及破坏模式。
Based on the rule of stress wave propagation,the characters of the stress waves propagating in rock slopes with horizontal strata layers are analyzed.A new model about the stress waves propagating in this type of slopes is proposed.The effect of structural plane in dynamic responses of the slopes under periodical compressive load is examined with UDEC.It is revealed that the structural plane plays an important role.Under the action of low frequency compressive waves,the vertical peak ground velocity of slope crest(near sloping surface)is also larger than that of a homogeneous slope at the same position.This effect is more obvious as the slope height increases.Under the action of high frequency compressive waves,the vertical peak ground velocity of slope crest is larger than that of a homogeneous slope at the same position.However,it is less than that of a homogenous slope at positions far away from the sloping surfaces.And the value of the vertical peak ground velocity varies in period from model right to left.The numerical results are conductive to reveal the characteristics of fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of different kinds of rock slopes.
Based on the rule of stress wave propagation,the characters of the stress waves propagating in rock slopes with horizontal strata layers are analyzed.A new model about the stress waves propagating in this type of slopes is proposed.The effect of structural plane in dynamic responses of the slopes under periodical compressive load is examined with UDEC.It is revealed that the structural plane plays an important role.Under the action of low frequency compressive waves,the vertical peak ground velocity of slope crest(near sloping surface)is also larger than that of a homogeneous slope at the same position.This effect is more obvious as the slope height increases.Under the action of high frequency compressive waves,the vertical peak ground velocity of slope crest is larger than that of a homogeneous slope at the same position.However,it is less than that of a homogenous slope at positions far away from the sloping surfaces.And the value of the vertical peak ground velocity varies in period from model right to left.The numerical results are conductive to reveal the characteristics of fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of different kinds of rock slopes.
引文
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[15]Wang WH,Li XB,Zuo YJ,et al.3DEC modeling on effect ofjoints and interlayer on wave propagation[J].Transaction ofNonferrous Metals Society of China,2006,16:728~734.
[16]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.Wang Lili.Foundation of Stress Waves.Beijing:National DefenseIndustry Press,2005.
[17]唐大雄,刘佑荣,张文殊,王清.工程岩土学(第二版)[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.Tang Daxiong,Liu Yourong,Zhang Wenshu,Wang Qing.Scienceof Geotechnical Engineering.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1999.
[18]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.Sun Guangzhong.Structural Mechanics of Rock Mass.Beijing:Science Press,1988.
[2]谷德振.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.Gu Dezheng.Basis of Rockmass Engineering Geological Mecha-nism.Beijing:Science Press,1979.
[3]王思敬.岩石边坡动态稳定性的初步探讨[J].地质科学,1977,(4):372~376.Wang Sijing.Preliminary notes on the dynamic stability of rockslopes.Chinese Journal of Geology,1977,(4):372~376.
[4]张菊明,王思敬.层状边坡岩体滑动稳定的三维动力学分析[J].工程地质学报,1994,2(3):1~12.Zhang Juming,Wang Sijing.3D dynamic analysis of rock sliding onthe layered rock slope.Journal of Engineering Geology,1994,2(3):1~12.
[5]祁生文,伍法权,孙进忠.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学,2003,46(supp.):28~40.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Sun Jinzhong.General laws of dynamicresponses of slope.Science in China(E),2003,33(Supp.):28~40.
[6]祁生文.单面边坡的两种动力反应形式及其临界高度[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):518~523.Qi Shengwen.Two patterns of dynamic responses of single-free-surface slopes and their threshold height.Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2006,49(2):518~523.
[7]梁庆国,韩文峰,马润勇,谌文武.强地震动作用下层状岩体破坏的物理模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(8):1307~1311.Liang Qingguo,Han Wenfeng,Ma Runyong,Chen Wenwu.Physicalsimulation study on dynamic failures of layered rock mass understrong ground motion.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(8):1307~1311.
[8]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3659~3663.Liu Yaquan,Li Haibo,Li Junru,etc.Udec simulation on dynamicresponses of rock slope of Huangmailing phosphorite mine underexplosion.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3659~3663.
[9]崔芳鹏,胡瑞林,殷跃平,等.纵横波时差耦合作用的斜坡崩滑效应离散元分析——以北川唐家山滑坡为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):319~327.Cui Fangpeng,Hu Ruilin,Yin Yueping,etc.Distinct element anal-ysis of collapsing sliding response of slope triggered by time differ-ence coupling effects of P and S seismic waves—taking Tangjias-han landslide in Beichuan county for example.Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(2):319~327.
[10]Pyrak-Nolte L J.Seismic Visibility of Fractures[D].USA:Uni-versity of California,Berkeley,1988.
[11]Zhao J,Cai JG.Transmission of elastic P-wave across singlefracture with a nonlinear normal deformational behavior[J].RockMechanics and Rock Engineering,2001,34(1):3~22.
[12]Zhao J,Zhao X B,Cai JG.Afurther study of P-wave attenuationacross parallel fractures with liner deformational behavior[J].In-ternational Journal of rock Mechanics and Mining Science,2006,43:776~788.
[13]黄润秋,余嘉顺.软弱夹层特性对地震波强度影响的模拟研究[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(3):312~317.Huang Runqiu,Yu Jiashun.Modeling of the effects of propertiesof a buried weak layer on seismic waves.Journal of Engineering ofGeology,2003,11(3):312~317.
[14]刘寒鹏,胡高社,史艳娇.人工填土高边坡爆破振动动力响应分析研究[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(2):263~267.Liu Hanpeng,Hu Gaoshe,Shi Yanjiao.Ground vibration charac-teristic of a high fill slope induced by blasting.Journal of Engi-neering of Geology,2007,15(2):263~267.
[15]Wang WH,Li XB,Zuo YJ,et al.3DEC modeling on effect ofjoints and interlayer on wave propagation[J].Transaction ofNonferrous Metals Society of China,2006,16:728~734.
[16]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.Wang Lili.Foundation of Stress Waves.Beijing:National DefenseIndustry Press,2005.
[17]唐大雄,刘佑荣,张文殊,王清.工程岩土学(第二版)[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.Tang Daxiong,Liu Yourong,Zhang Wenshu,Wang Qing.Scienceof Geotechnical Engineering.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1999.
[18]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.Sun Guangzhong.Structural Mechanics of Rock Mass.Beijing:Science Press,1988.
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