覆岩结构对冲击矿压的影响及其微震监测
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摘要
为了研究覆岩结构对冲击矿压的影响,以关键层理论为基础对某煤矿上覆岩层结构进行了划分,并利用微震监测技术对巨厚上覆岩层破断规律进行了分析.研究结果认为对上覆岩层可根据岩性、厚度不同划分成不同级别的关键层结构,这些结构初次破断形成的"O-X"型破断结构有主亚之分.大尺度的覆岩结构在破断过程中释放巨大能量形成矿震,是冲击矿压的重要诱发因素.该煤矿微震监测数据很好地解释了亚关键层的初次破断及200 m厚细粉砂岩主关键层的破断发展过程.研究成果为大尺度覆岩结构影响下的冲击矿压的预测预报提供了新的研究思路.
Based on the key stratum theory,overlying strata structures in one coal mine are divided,and micro-seismic monitoring is used to analyze its rupture regularity.The results show that the overlying strata are divided into key strata of different grades according to lithology and thickness.The initially formed "O-X" fracture structures have the main "O-X"one and the sub-level "O-X"one.Large amount of energy is released and mine earthquake takes place during the breaking of large scale overlying strata structures,forminge main inducing factor of rock burst.The initial rupture process of inferior key stratums and 200-m-thick main key stratum in the coal mine is well explained by micro-seismic events,and the achievements provide a new way of predicting rock burst caused by large scale overlying strata structures.
Based on the key stratum theory,overlying strata structures in one coal mine are divided,and micro-seismic monitoring is used to analyze its rupture regularity.The results show that the overlying strata are divided into key strata of different grades according to lithology and thickness.The initially formed "O-X" fracture structures have the main "O-X"one and the sub-level "O-X"one.Large amount of energy is released and mine earthquake takes place during the breaking of large scale overlying strata structures,forminge main inducing factor of rock burst.The initial rupture process of inferior key stratums and 200-m-thick main key stratum in the coal mine is well explained by micro-seismic events,and the achievements provide a new way of predicting rock burst caused by large scale overlying strata structures.
引文
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[16]FUJII Y,ISHIJIMA Y,DEGUCHI G.Preiction ofcoal face rockbursts and microseismicity in deeplongwall coal mining[J].Coal Face Rock BurstPrediction,1997,34(1):85-96.
[2]姜福兴,XUN Luo.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(4):147-149.JIANG Fu-xing,XUN Luo.Application of micro-seismic moitoring technology of strata fracturing inunderground coal mine[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2002,24(4):147-149.
[3]成云海,姜福兴,张兴民,等.微震监测揭示的C型采场空间结构及应力场[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):102-107.CHENG Yun-hai,JIANG Fu-xing,ZHANG Xing-min,et al.C-shaped strata spatial structure andstress field in longwall face monitored by microseis-mic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rocck Me-chanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):102-107.
[4]姜福兴,杨淑华,XUN Luo.微地震监测揭示的采场围岩空间破裂形态[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(4):357-360.JIANG Fu-xing,YANG Shu-hua,XUN Luo.Spatialfracturing progresses of surrounding rock masses inlongwall face monitored by microseismic monitoringtechniques[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(4):357-360.
[5]马其华,姜福兴,成云海.采动初期覆岩结构演化与分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004,21(2):13-14.MA Qi-hua,JIANG Fu-xing,CHENG Yun-hai.A-nalysis and structure evolution of initial mining over-burden[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2004,21(2):13-14.
[6]史红,姜福兴.采场上覆大厚度坚硬岩层破断规律的力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(18):3066-3069.SHI Hong,JIANG Fu-xing.Mechanical analysis ofrupture regularity of hard and massive overlying stra-ta of longwall face[J].Chinese Journal of Rocck Me-chanics and Engineering,2004,23(18):3066-3069.
[7]成云海,姜福兴,程久龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273-277.CHENG Yun-hai,JIANG Fu-xing,CHENG Jiu-long,et al.The primary study on microseismic loca-ting and monitoring technology of shock bump causedby key straum movement[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2006,31(3):273-277.
[8]唐巨鹏,潘一山,徐方军.上覆砾岩运动与冲击矿压的关系研究[J].煤矿开采,2002,7(2):49-57.TANG Ju-peng,PAN Yi-shan,XU Fang-jun.Stud-ies on forecasting rock burst according to rock massmovement[J].Coal Mining Technology,2002,7(2):49-57.
[9]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:174-176.
[10]窦林名,刘贞堂,曹胜根,等.坚硬顶板对冲击矿压危险的影响分析[J].煤矿开采,2003,28(2):58-66.DOU Lin-ming,LIU Zhen-tang,CAO Sheng-gen,et al.Analysis of the influence on rock burst causedby hard roof[J].Coal Mining Technology,2003,28(2):58-66.
[11]LI T,CAI M F,CAI M.Earthquake-induced unu-sual gas emission in coalmines-A km-scale in-situ ex-perimental investigation at Laohutai mine[J].Inter-national Journal of Coal Geology,2007,71:209-224.
[12]王来贵,刘向峰,于永江,等.采场大面积悬顶系统能及释放研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(6):767-768.WANG Lai-gui,LIU Xiang-feng,YU Yong-jiang,et al.Study on energy store and release of miningfield large area hanging arch system[J].Journal ofLiaoning Technical University,2003,22(6):767-768.
[13]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压防治理论及技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001:97-101.
[14]SLAWOMIR J G,ANDRZEJ K.矿山地震学引论[M].修济刚,徐平,杨心平,译.北京:地震出版社,1998:303-304.
[15]高明仕,窦林名,张农.岩土介质中冲击震动波传播规律的微震试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(7):1365-1371.GAO Ming-shi,DOU Lin-ming,ZHANG Nong.Experimental study on earthquake tremor for trans-mitting law of rock burst in geomaterials[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(7):1365-1371.
[16]FUJII Y,ISHIJIMA Y,DEGUCHI G.Preiction ofcoal face rockbursts and microseismicity in deeplongwall coal mining[J].Coal Face Rock BurstPrediction,1997,34(1):85-96.
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