小波与分形组合分析技术在爆破振动信号分析中的应用
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摘要
基于小波、分形技术的相似性,提出采用小波分形组合技术对爆破振动信号进行分析。对爆破振动信号进行不同分解尺度的小波阈值去噪,根据去噪后振动波形分形维数的变化规律确定最佳小波分解尺度,通过爆破振动信号与小波分量的相似性及小波分量自相似性验证了爆破振动信号的分形特性,通过爆破振动信号各小波分量对应盒维数值进行对比分析,得出不同频带分量分维数随频率的变化规律,提出将分形盒维数作为反映爆破振动信号频率成分的新参量。采用小波分形组合分析技术建立爆破振动信号全频带分形维数分析模型,为更加细致地研究爆破振动效应的分形特性提供了重要参考。
Based on similarity of wavelet and fractal techniques,wavelet and fractal combination technique was proposed to analyze blasting vibration signals.According to the varying law of fractal dimension for vibration waveform after different scales wavelet threshold de-noising,the optimal wavelet decomposition scale was determined.Using the similarity between blasting vibration signal and its wavelet components,and the self-similarity of the wavelet components, the fractal characteristics of the blasting vibration signal were verified.Based on comparison analysis for the corresponding box-counting dimensions of the wavelet components of the blasting vibration signal,the fractal dimension changing law with different frequency components was obtained.The fractal box-counting dimensions of blasting vibration signals were taken as a new parameter,they could reflect their frequency composition.The whole frequency band fractal dimension analysis model of blasting vibration signals was built with wavelet and fraction portfolio analysis,and the results provided an important reference for more detailed study on blasting vibration effects and their fractal characteristics.
Based on similarity of wavelet and fractal techniques,wavelet and fractal combination technique was proposed to analyze blasting vibration signals.According to the varying law of fractal dimension for vibration waveform after different scales wavelet threshold de-noising,the optimal wavelet decomposition scale was determined.Using the similarity between blasting vibration signal and its wavelet components,and the self-similarity of the wavelet components, the fractal characteristics of the blasting vibration signal were verified.Based on comparison analysis for the corresponding box-counting dimensions of the wavelet components of the blasting vibration signal,the fractal dimension changing law with different frequency components was obtained.The fractal box-counting dimensions of blasting vibration signals were taken as a new parameter,they could reflect their frequency composition.The whole frequency band fractal dimension analysis model of blasting vibration signals was built with wavelet and fraction portfolio analysis,and the results provided an important reference for more detailed study on blasting vibration effects and their fractal characteristics.
引文
[1]中国生,房营光,谷任国.基于小波分析的建(构)筑物爆破振动安全评估[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(1):5-9.
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[8]邱建丁,梁汝萍,邹小勇.小波分形分析重叠峰信号[J].分析测试学报,2003,22(5):149-152.
[9]罗俊,何立明,陈超.基于小波分形和一类辨识的航空发动机故障诊断[J].推进技术,2007,28(1):82-85.
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[11]刘贵忠,邸双亮.小波分析及其应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1997.
[12]林鸿溢.分形论-奇异性探索[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992.
[13]Miyata T,Watanabe T.Approximate resolutions and box-counting dimension[J].Topology and Its Applications,2003 (132):49-69.
[14]Maragos P,Sun F K.Measuring the fractal dimension of signals:Morphological covers and iterative optimization[J]. IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing,1993(1):108 - 121.
[15]Zhang Z H,Huang W Y.Fractal determination and feature extraction from vibration waveform[J].Journal of Southeast University,1999(4):6-10.
[16]肯尼思·法尔科内著.分形几何--数学基础及其应用[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1991.
[17]Donoho D L,Johnstone I M,Adapting to Unkown Smoothless via Wavelet Shrinkage[J].J.Amer.Statist.Assoc.,1995 (90):1200-1224.
[18]谢全民,龙源,钟明寿.基于小波、小波包两种方法的爆破振动信号对比分析[J].工程爆破,2009,15(1):5-9.
[19]飞思科技产品研发中心编著.小波分析理论与Matlab7实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[20]刘国华,黄平捷,龚翔.基于分形维和独立分量分析的声发射特征提取[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2008,36(1):76-80.
[21]谢全民,龙源,田作威.爆破振动信号时频特征的三维分形特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(12):122-126.
[22]钟明寿,龙源,谢全民.基于分形盒维数和多重分形的爆破地震波信号分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(1):7-11.
[2]史秀志,薛剑光,陈寿如.爆破振动信号双线性变换的二次型时频分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(12):131-134.
[3]晏俊伟,龙源,方向.基于小波变换的爆破振动信号能量分布特征分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2007,27(5):405 -410.
[4]龙源,晏俊伟,娄建武.基于分形理论的爆破地震信号盒维数研究[J].科技导报,2007,25(18):27-31.
[5]娄建武,龙源,徐全军.爆破地震信号分形维数计算的矩形盒模型[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(1):81-84.
[6]周春华.爆破地震波的数值模拟与多重分形分析[D].南京:解放军理工大学工程兵工程学院.2007.
[7]刘东升,金卫同.小波分形技术在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].自动测量与控制,2008,27(12):67-68,73.
[8]邱建丁,梁汝萍,邹小勇.小波分形分析重叠峰信号[J].分析测试学报,2003,22(5):149-152.
[9]罗俊,何立明,陈超.基于小波分形和一类辨识的航空发动机故障诊断[J].推进技术,2007,28(1):82-85.
[10]杨福生.小波变换的工程分析与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[11]刘贵忠,邸双亮.小波分析及其应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1997.
[12]林鸿溢.分形论-奇异性探索[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992.
[13]Miyata T,Watanabe T.Approximate resolutions and box-counting dimension[J].Topology and Its Applications,2003 (132):49-69.
[14]Maragos P,Sun F K.Measuring the fractal dimension of signals:Morphological covers and iterative optimization[J]. IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing,1993(1):108 - 121.
[15]Zhang Z H,Huang W Y.Fractal determination and feature extraction from vibration waveform[J].Journal of Southeast University,1999(4):6-10.
[16]肯尼思·法尔科内著.分形几何--数学基础及其应用[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1991.
[17]Donoho D L,Johnstone I M,Adapting to Unkown Smoothless via Wavelet Shrinkage[J].J.Amer.Statist.Assoc.,1995 (90):1200-1224.
[18]谢全民,龙源,钟明寿.基于小波、小波包两种方法的爆破振动信号对比分析[J].工程爆破,2009,15(1):5-9.
[19]飞思科技产品研发中心编著.小波分析理论与Matlab7实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[20]刘国华,黄平捷,龚翔.基于分形维和独立分量分析的声发射特征提取[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2008,36(1):76-80.
[21]谢全民,龙源,田作威.爆破振动信号时频特征的三维分形特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(12):122-126.
[22]钟明寿,龙源,谢全民.基于分形盒维数和多重分形的爆破地震波信号分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(1):7-11.
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