人工结构体控制堰塞湖溃决洪峰的试验与设计
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摘要
为检验人工结构体对堰塞湖溃决洪峰流量的调控作用,进行了室内水槽模型试验.试验主要针对四面体实体结构、四面体实体结构串、四面体实心框架结构和四面体实心框架结构串.试验结果表明:抛投人工结构体对堰塞湖溃决后期洪峰流量的控制作用非常显著,与未抛投人工结构体相比,4组抛投人工结构体的洪峰流量减小26.6%~61.7%;人工结构体的优选型式依次为四面体实心框架结构串、四面体实体结构串、四面体实心框架结构和四面体实体结构;增大人工结构体的容重能改善堰塞湖溃决洪峰流量的调控效果.
In order to verify the control effect of different artificial structures in dealing with barrier dam-break floods,flume model tests were conducted in lab on tetrahedral entity structure(TES),tetrahedral entity structure group(TESG),tetrahedral frame structure(TFS) and tetrahedral frame structure group(TFSG).The research results show that throwing artificial structures has an important effect on the control of barrier dam-break floods,and compared with no throwing artificial structures,throwing artificial structures can effectively reduce the peak break-out floods by 26.6% to 61.7%.Different artificial structures have different control effects,and optimal structures are in sequence TFSG,TESG,TFS and TES.In addition,increasing unit weight of artificial structures can improve the control effect.
In order to verify the control effect of different artificial structures in dealing with barrier dam-break floods,flume model tests were conducted in lab on tetrahedral entity structure(TES),tetrahedral entity structure group(TESG),tetrahedral frame structure(TFS) and tetrahedral frame structure group(TFSG).The research results show that throwing artificial structures has an important effect on the control of barrier dam-break floods,and compared with no throwing artificial structures,throwing artificial structures can effectively reduce the peak break-out floods by 26.6% to 61.7%.Different artificial structures have different control effects,and optimal structures are in sequence TFSG,TESG,TFS and TES.In addition,increasing unit weight of artificial structures can improve the control effect.
引文
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[2]陈晓清,崔鹏,程尊兰,等.5.12汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):244-249.CHEN Xiaoqing,CUI Peng,CHENG Zunlan,et al.Emergency risk assessment of dammed lakes caused bythe Wenchuan earthquake on May 12,2008[J].EarthScience Frontiers,2008,15(4):244-249.
[3]四川省地震局.1933年叠溪地震[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1983:1-69.
[4]LIU Ning,ZHANG Jianxin,LIN Wei,et al.DrainingTangjiashan barrier lake after Wenchuan earthquake andthe flood propagation after the dam break[J].Sciencein China Series E:Technological Sciences,2009,52(4):801-809.
[5]邱炽兴,李书健.绵远河小岗剑(上)堰塞湖应急排险处理[J].水利水电技术,2008,39(8):36-38.QIU Chixing,LI Shujian.Emergency treatment ofXiaogangjian barrier lake,Mianyuan Rive[J].WaterResources and Hydropower Engineering,2008,39(8):36-38.
[6]李虎章,刘松林.唐家山堰塞湖成功排险综述[J].水利水电技术,2008,39(8):15-18.LI Huzhang,LIU Songlin.Review of successfultreatment of Tangjiashan barrier lake[J].WaterResources and Hydropower Engineering,2008,39(8):15-18.
[7]陈晓清,崔鹏,赵万玉,等.5.12汶川地震堰塞湖应急处置措施的讨论:以唐家山为例[J].山地学报,2010,26(6):733-738.CHEN Xiaoqing,CUI Peng,ZHAO Wanyu,et al.Adiscussion of emergency treatment of dammed lakecaused by“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journalof Mountain Science,2010,26(6):733-738.
[8]郑守仁.三峡工程三期围堰及截流设计关键技术问题[J].人民长江,2002,33(1):7-9.ZHENG Shouren.Key technical issues in the design ofstageⅢcofferdam and river closure of TGP[J].Yangtze River,2002,33(1):7-9.
[9]郭红民,宁晶,蒋文秀,等.大型水利工程截流龙口护(垫)底的试验研究及工程实践[J].三峡大学学报:自然科学版,2007,29(6):481-485.GUO Hongmin,NING Jing,JIANG Wenxiu,et al.Experimental research and engineering practice on riverclosure by filling up gap s bottom[J].Journal of ChinaThree Gorges University:Natural Sciences,2007,29(6):481-485.
[10]袁光裕.水利工程施工[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996:30-36.
[11]周克己,鲁志勇.水利工程施工[M].北京:中央广播电视大学出版社,2006:27-33.
[12]陈晓清,崔鹏,游勇,等.一种人工调控排泄流量的堰塞湖处置方法及其应用:中国,200910216148.8[P].2009-11-05.
[13]吴持恭.水力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:310-345.
[14]徐锡荣,刘刚,徐松年,等.透水框架四面体防洪护岸试验研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2007,27(5):65-68.XU Xirong,LIU Gang,XU Songnian,et al.Experimental study on flood and bank protection bytetrahedron permeable frames[J].Advances inScience and Technology of Water Resources,2007,27(5):65-68.
[15]杨火其,王文杰.钱塘江河口异型块体抗冲稳定特性试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2001,18(2):19-22.YANG Huoqi,WANG Wenjie.Experimental study ofprofiled-block stability in Qiantangjiang estuary[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2001,18(2):19-22.
[16]唐洪武,李福田,肖洋,等.四面体框架群护岸型式防冲促淤效果试验研究[J].水运工程,2002(9):25-28.TANG Hongwu,LI Futian,XIAO Yang,et al.Experimental study on effect of scour prevention andsedimentation promotion of bank protection oftetrahedron penetrating frame groups[J].Port&Waterway Engineering,2002(9):25-28.
[17]姚仕明,卢金友,罗恒凯.长江中下游护岸工程新材料新技术试验研究[J].人民长江,2006,37(4):79-80.YAO Shiming,LU Jinyou,LUO Hengkai.Experimentstudy on new material and technology of revetmentworks in middle and lower Yangtze River[J].YangtzeRiver,2006,37(4):79-80.
[18]李学海,唐祥甫,刘力中.明渠截流抛投体稳定性研究[J].中国三峡建设,2002(10):26-27.LI Xuehai,TANG Xiangfu,LIU Lizhong.Stabilityresearch on dumped blocks of open channel closure[J].China Three Gorges Construction,2002(10):26-27.
[19]蔡启龙,严毅,刘锦碧.关于混凝土四面体截流材料的探讨[J].水利水电科技进展,2006,26(6):62-65.CAI Qilong,YAN Yi,LIU Jinbi.Discussion ontetrahedron concrete for river closure[J].Advances inScience and Technology of Water Resources,2006,26(6):62-65.
[20]肖焕雄.立堵截流抛石粒径计算研究[J].水电站设计,2000,16(1):1-7.XIAO Huanxiong.Estimation research on riprap grainsize for closure by vertical blockade[J].Design ofHydroelectric Power Station,2000,16(1):1-7.
[21]陈晓清,崔鹏,游勇,等.一种用于泥石流和堰塞坝防冲刷的人工结构体及其应用:中国,200910167888.7[P].2009-10-14.
[22]匡尚富,汪小刚,黄金池,等.堰塞湖溃坝风险及其影响分析评估[J].中国水利,2008(16):17-21.KUANG Shangfu,WANG Xiaogang,HUANG Jinchi,et al.Risk analysis and impact assessment of dam-break in barrier lake[J].China Water Resources,2008(16):17-21.
[23]钱宁,万兆惠.泥沙运动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:123-132.
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