城市应急避难场所规划布局初探
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摘要
目的针对"5.12"汶川地震暴露出中国城市应急避难场所存在的问题,通过对城市应急避难场所规划布局的研究,以期对中国城市应急避难场所的建设有所启示。方法结合中国城市的特点并借鉴国内外学者在城市应急避难场所研究的理论与实践,采取文献查阅和野外考察相结合的方法。结果提出了中国城市应急避难场所的类型及其相应功能,以及在规划布局中应注意的基本原则。结论城市应急避难场所是城市应急救灾体系中最为重要的物质空间组成部分,城市应急避难场所的规划布局在城市建设中必须引起高度重视。
Aim With respect of the problem of emergency shelter exposed in "5·12" Wenchuan Earthquake,the layout of emergency shelter in a city was investigated,and a number of valuable enlightenments were then achieved.Methods Some perspectives on the layout of emergency shelters were discussed in detail by combination of our city characteristic and the studies of home and abroad.Results Subsequently,the type,function and basic principle were proposed for the city emergency shelter in our country.Conclusion It is believed that the emergency shelter is one of the most important space constituents in city emergency relief system.Therefore,more attention should be paid to the layout of emergency shelters in the city construction in future.
Aim With respect of the problem of emergency shelter exposed in "5·12" Wenchuan Earthquake,the layout of emergency shelter in a city was investigated,and a number of valuable enlightenments were then achieved.Methods Some perspectives on the layout of emergency shelters were discussed in detail by combination of our city characteristic and the studies of home and abroad.Results Subsequently,the type,function and basic principle were proposed for the city emergency shelter in our country.Conclusion It is believed that the emergency shelter is one of the most important space constituents in city emergency relief system.Therefore,more attention should be paid to the layout of emergency shelters in the city construction in future.
引文
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[12]许浩.国外城市绿地系统规划[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[2]万艳华.城市防灾学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[3]杨文斌,韩世文,张敬军,等.地震应急避难场所的规划建设与城市防灾[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(1):126-131.
[4]我国古代城市建筑防止火灾的主要措施[EB/OL].(2008-05-28)[2008-09-01].http://info.fire.hc360.com/2008/05/28081450916.shtm l.
[5]邱巧玲,古德泉.国内外防灾绿地之比较与我国城市避灾绿地的规划建设[J].中国园林,2008(12):71-75.
[6]张敏.国外城市防灾减灾及我们的思考[J].规划师,2000,16(2):101-104.
[7]吕元.城市防灾空间系统规划策略研究[D].北京:北京工业大学博士学位论文,2004:46.
[8]日本都市防灾研究所.都市地下空间综合利用调查报告[R],1982.
[9]李繁彦.台北市防灾空间规划[J].城市发展研究,2001,8(6):3-6.
[10]中华人民共和国建设部.城市抗震防灾规划标准[S].GB 50413-2007.
[11]金磊.构造城市防灾空间──21世纪城市功能设计的关键[J].工程设计与CAD智能设计,2001(9):6-12.
[12]许浩.国外城市绿地系统规划[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
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