线性节理对岩石电磁辐射传播的影响
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摘要
基于岩石压电效应,依据应力波下电场值的表达式及应力波在节理处的透射解,获得垂直入射应力波作用下产生的电磁波在线性节理面前后的强度关系,并且研究节理参数、岩体电性参数以及入射波频率对电磁辐射传播过程中强度的影响。研究结果表明:电磁辐射的强度随节理初始刚度增大而增大,随频率增大而减小;电磁辐射强度随黏性系数的增加先减小后增大,这与黏性系数变化过程中所导致的电阻率的变化相关;电磁辐射强度随黏性系数变化的同时还受到频率的影响;当节理面两侧岩体性质不同时,电磁辐射强度的变化同时受到多种参数的影响,情况变得更加复杂。
Based on piezoelectric effect of rock and the electric field expression under stress wave and the resolution of the transmitted coefficients in the joint,the intensity variation of the electromagnetic emission(EME) before and after the linear joint under the normal incident stress wave was obtained.The effects of such parameters as initial joint stiffness,the electric parameters of the rock masses and incident frequency of wave on the intensity variation of the EME were investigated.The results show that the intensity of EME increases with the increase of joint stiffness and decreases with the increase of frequency;the intensity of EME decreases first then increases with the increase of viscosity coefficient,which relates to electric resistivity variation induced by viscosity coefficient change and frequency.When the rock properties on the two sides of the joint are different,the variation of EME intensity becomes complicated under the influence of many parameters.
Based on piezoelectric effect of rock and the electric field expression under stress wave and the resolution of the transmitted coefficients in the joint,the intensity variation of the electromagnetic emission(EME) before and after the linear joint under the normal incident stress wave was obtained.The effects of such parameters as initial joint stiffness,the electric parameters of the rock masses and incident frequency of wave on the intensity variation of the EME were investigated.The results show that the intensity of EME increases with the increase of joint stiffness and decreases with the increase of frequency;the intensity of EME decreases first then increases with the increase of viscosity coefficient,which relates to electric resistivity variation induced by viscosity coefficient change and frequency.When the rock properties on the two sides of the joint are different,the variation of EME intensity becomes complicated under the influence of many parameters.
引文
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[13]肖红飞,何学秋,冯涛,等.基于FLAC2D模拟的矿山巷道掘进煤岩变形破裂力电耦合规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2304-2309.XIAO Hong-fei,He Xue-qiu,Feng Tao,et al.Research on coupling laws between EME and stress fields during deformation and fracture of mine tunnel excavation based on FLAC2D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(13):2304-2309.
[14]Pyrak-Nolte L J.The seismic response of fractures and the interrelations among fracture properties[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,1996,33(8):787-802.
[15]胜山邦久.声发射AE技术的应用[M].冯夏庭,译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1996:52-54.Katsuyama K.The application of acoustic emission technology[M].FENG Xia-ting,trans.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1996:52-54.
[16]李振生,刘德良,刘波,等.断层封闭性的波速和品质因子评价方法[J].科学通报,2005,50(13):1365-1369.LI Zhen-sheng,LIU De-liang,LIU Bo,et al.The evaluation method of wave velocity and quality factor of Fault Seal Property[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(13):1365-1369.
[17]张流,黄建国,高平.水对岩石变形过程中电阻率变化的影响[J].地震,2003,23(1):8-14.ZHANG Liu,HUANG Jian-guo,GAO Ping.Influence of water on electric resistivity of deforming rock samples[J].Earthquake,2003,23(1):8-14.
[2]钱书清,任克新,吕智.伴随岩石破裂的VLF,MF,HF和VHF电磁辐射特性的实验研究[J].地震学报,1996,18(3):346-351.QIAN Shu-qing,REN Ke-xin,LüZhi.Experimental study of the feature of VL F,MF HF and VHF electromagnetic radiation accompanying rock fracture[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1996,18(3):346-351.
[3]刘煜洲,刘因,王寅生,等.岩石破裂时电磁辐射的影响因素和机理[J].地震学报,1997,19(4):418-425.LIU Yu-zhou,LIU-Yin,WANG Yin-sheng,et al.The influencing factors and mechanisms of the electromagnetic radiation during rock fracture[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1997,19(4):418-425.
[4]Ogawa T,Utada H.Coseismic piezoelectric effects due to a dislocation 1.An analytic far and early-time field solution in a homogeneous whole space[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,2000,121(3/4):273-288.
[5]Gernets A A,Makarets M V,Koshevaya S V,et al.Electromagnetic emission caused by the fracturing of piezoelectric crystals with an arbitrarily oriented moving crack[J].Phys Chem Earth,2004,29(4/9):463-472.
[6]Warwick J W,Stoker C,Meyer T R.Radio emission associated with rock facture:Possible application to the great Chilean earthquake of May 22,1960[J].J Geophys Res,1982,87(B4):2851-2859.
[7]Huang Q.One possible generation mechanism of co-seismic electric signals[J].Proc Japan Acad,2002,78(7):173-178.
[8]Brady B T,Rowell G A.Laboratory investigation of the electrodynamics of rock fracture[J].Nature,1986,321:488-492.
[9]Makarets M V,Koshevaya S V,Gernets A A.Electromagnetic emission caused by the fracturing of piezoelectrics in the rocks[J].Phys Scr,2002,65(3):268-272.
[10]Koshevaya S,Makarets N,Grimalsky V,et al.Spectrum of the seismic-electromagnetic and acoustic waves caused by seismic and volcano activity[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,2005,5(2):203-209.
[11]万国香,李夕兵.应力波下节理面前后电磁辐射强度的变化[J].地震学报,2009,31(4):411-423.WAN Guo-xiang,LI Xi-bing.The intensity variation of the electromagnetic emission(EME)of rock masses with joint subjected to stress wave[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(4):411-423.
[12]Auld B A.固体中的声场和波[M].孙承平,译.北京:科学出版社,1982:265.Auld B A.Acoustic field and waves in solids[M].SUN Cheng-ping,trans.Beijing:Science Press,1982:265.第4期万国香,等:线性节理对岩石电磁辐射传播的影响1139
[13]肖红飞,何学秋,冯涛,等.基于FLAC2D模拟的矿山巷道掘进煤岩变形破裂力电耦合规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2304-2309.XIAO Hong-fei,He Xue-qiu,Feng Tao,et al.Research on coupling laws between EME and stress fields during deformation and fracture of mine tunnel excavation based on FLAC2D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(13):2304-2309.
[14]Pyrak-Nolte L J.The seismic response of fractures and the interrelations among fracture properties[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,1996,33(8):787-802.
[15]胜山邦久.声发射AE技术的应用[M].冯夏庭,译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1996:52-54.Katsuyama K.The application of acoustic emission technology[M].FENG Xia-ting,trans.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1996:52-54.
[16]李振生,刘德良,刘波,等.断层封闭性的波速和品质因子评价方法[J].科学通报,2005,50(13):1365-1369.LI Zhen-sheng,LIU De-liang,LIU Bo,et al.The evaluation method of wave velocity and quality factor of Fault Seal Property[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(13):1365-1369.
[17]张流,黄建国,高平.水对岩石变形过程中电阻率变化的影响[J].地震,2003,23(1):8-14.ZHANG Liu,HUANG Jian-guo,GAO Ping.Influence of water on electric resistivity of deforming rock samples[J].Earthquake,2003,23(1):8-14.
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