形状记忆合金复合摩擦阻尼器设计及试验研究
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摘要
研制一种兼具自复位功能和高耗能的形状记忆合金复合摩擦阻尼器(Hybrid Shape Memory Alloys Friction Damper,简写为HSMAFD),该阻尼器由超弹性形状记忆合金丝复位装置和摩擦耗能装置组成。制作了HSMAFD模型,并通过试验研究了HSMAFD在循环荷载作用下的力学性能,考察了初始应变、位移幅值、摩擦力和加载频率对其力学性能的影响。基于改进的Graesser&Cozzarelli模型和Bouc-Wen模型,分别建立复位装置和摩擦装置恢复力模型,并对其力学性能进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:HSMAFD在循环荷载作用下具有稳定的滞回特性、良好的耗能和自复位能力,且其滞回和自恢复性能可以通过调节超弹性形状记忆合金丝的初始应变和摩擦力而改变;数值模拟结果和试验结果吻合较好,验证了恢复力模型的正确性。
An innovative hybrid shape memory alloy friction damper(HSMAFD),possessing both large energy dissipation and re-centering capabilities,was proposed.The HSMAFD consists of a re-centering device based on pre-tensioned superelastic shape memory alloy wires(SMAD) and a friction device(FD).Cyclic tension-compression tests on the HSMAFD under various loading conditions were conducted to assess the influence of the pre-strains of SMA wires,amplitude levels,friction forces as well as loading frequencies on the behavior of the HSMAFD.Based on the improved Graesser & Cozzarelli model and Bouc-Wen equations,one dimensional restoring model of the HSMAFD was presented,which was utilized to simulate the cyclic behavior of the HSMAFD.The results show that the HSMAFD has both stable energy dissipating capacity and re-centering feature under reverse loading.Moreover,the hysteretic mechanical behavior can be changed by adjusting the pre-strain levels of SMA wires and the friction forces to satisfy the practical requirement.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data,showing the validity of the proposed restoring model of the HSMAFD.
An innovative hybrid shape memory alloy friction damper(HSMAFD),possessing both large energy dissipation and re-centering capabilities,was proposed.The HSMAFD consists of a re-centering device based on pre-tensioned superelastic shape memory alloy wires(SMAD) and a friction device(FD).Cyclic tension-compression tests on the HSMAFD under various loading conditions were conducted to assess the influence of the pre-strains of SMA wires,amplitude levels,friction forces as well as loading frequencies on the behavior of the HSMAFD.Based on the improved Graesser & Cozzarelli model and Bouc-Wen equations,one dimensional restoring model of the HSMAFD was presented,which was utilized to simulate the cyclic behavior of the HSMAFD.The results show that the HSMAFD has both stable energy dissipating capacity and re-centering feature under reverse loading.Moreover,the hysteretic mechanical behavior can be changed by adjusting the pre-strain levels of SMA wires and the friction forces to satisfy the practical requirement.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data,showing the validity of the proposed restoring model of the HSMAFD.
引文
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[19]彭刚,刘智敏.装备SMA耗能阻尼器的框架结构动力响应分析[J].武汉大学学报:工学版,2004,37(1):89-93.(Peng Gang,Liu Zhimin.Dynamicresponse analysis of frame structure under operation ofSMA damper[J].Engineering Journal of WuhanUniversity,2004,37(1):89-93.(in Chinese))
[20]Song G,Ma N,Li H N.Applications of shape memoryalloys in civil structures[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(9):1266-1274.
[21]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1114-1118.(Qian Hui,Li Hongnan,SongGangbing.Constitutive model of shape memory alloybased on plastic theory:experiment and simulation[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2007,38(7):1114-1118.(in Chinese))
[2]李宏男,霍林生.结构多维减震控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:10-29.(Li Hongnan,Huo Linsheng.Structural seismic vibration control excited bymultidimensional ground motions[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2008:10-29.(in Chinese))
[3]欧进萍.结构振动控制:主动、半主动和智能控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:1-10.
[4]Song T T,Dargush G F.Passive energy dissipationsystems in structural engineering[M].Chichester:John Wiley&Sons,1997:35-41.
[5]李宏男,李忠献,祁皑,等.结构振动与控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005:60-80.
[6]Soong T T,Spencer B F.Supplemental energydissipation:state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(3):243-259.
[7]周云.金属耗能减震结构设计[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社2,006:15-17.
[8]徐祖耀.形状记忆材料[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000:2-10.
[9]Dolce M,Cardone D.Mechanical behavior of shapememory alloys for seismic applications:2:Austenite NiTiwires subjected to tension[J].International Journal ofMechanical Sciences,2001,43(11),2657-2677.
[10]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementation andtesting of passive control devices based on shapememory alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructural Dynamics,2000,29(7):945-968.
[11]Zhu S,Zhang Y.Seismic behaviour of self-centringbraced frame buildings with reusable hysteretic dampingbrace[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,2007,36(10):1329-1346.
[12]李惠,毛晨曦.新耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133-139.(Li Hui,Mao Chenxi.Experimental investigationof earthquake response reduction of buildings withadded two types of SMA passive energy dissipationdevices[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2003,23(1):133-139.(in Chinese))
[13]李宏男,钱辉,宋钢兵.一种新型SMA阻尼器的试验和数值模拟研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):179-184.(Li Hongnan,Qian Hui,Song Gangbing.Anew type of shape memory alloy damper:design,experiment and numerical simulation[J].Journal ofVibration Engineering,2008,21(2):179-184.(inChinese))
[14]Ren W J,Li H N,Song G B.Design and numericalevaluation of an innovative multi-directional shapememory alloy damper[C]//Proceedings of Active andPassive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems.Bellingham:SPIE,2007.
[15]李忠献,陈海泉,刘建涛.SMA复合橡胶支座的桥梁隔震[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):143-148.(Li Zhongxian,Chen Haiquan,Liu Jiantao.Bridge isolation with SMA-composite rubber bearing[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2002,22(2):143-148.(in Chinese))
[16]Zuo Xiao-Bao,Chang Wei,Li Ai-Qun,et al.Designand experimental investigation of a superelastic SMAdamper[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2006(438/439/440):1150-1153.
[17]倪立峰,李秋胜,李爱群,等.新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(3):145-148.(Ni Lifeng,Li Qiusheng,Li Aiqun,etal.Investigation and experiment of damper based onshape memory alloy(SMA)[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(3):145-148.(in Chinese))
[18]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45-50.(XUE Suduo,DONG Junhui,BIAN Xiaofang,et al.Anew type of shape memory alloy damper[J].Journal ofBuilding Structures,2005,26(3):45-50.(inChinese))
[19]彭刚,刘智敏.装备SMA耗能阻尼器的框架结构动力响应分析[J].武汉大学学报:工学版,2004,37(1):89-93.(Peng Gang,Liu Zhimin.Dynamicresponse analysis of frame structure under operation ofSMA damper[J].Engineering Journal of WuhanUniversity,2004,37(1):89-93.(in Chinese))
[20]Song G,Ma N,Li H N.Applications of shape memoryalloys in civil structures[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(9):1266-1274.
[21]钱辉,李宏男,宋钢兵.基于塑性理论的形状记忆合金本构模型、试验和数值模拟[J].功能材料,2007,38(7):1114-1118.(Qian Hui,Li Hongnan,SongGangbing.Constitutive model of shape memory alloybased on plastic theory:experiment and simulation[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2007,38(7):1114-1118.(in Chinese))
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