反映高程放大效应的爆破振动公式研究
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摘要
在地形起伏较大的情况下,地形地貌对爆破振动波的传播具有较大的影响。通过分析与爆破振动有关的物理量,运用量纲分析法推导了反映高程放大效应的爆破振动公式。结合现场爆破振动监测,当爆破场地的地形地貌变化较大时,用传统的萨道夫斯基公式预测爆破振动速度误差较大,其平均误差达42%～59%,其他4个常用经验公式预测的平均误差,分别为24%～49%、40%～58%、58%～59%、31%～39%;而采用量纲分析法推导的公式预测爆破振动速度误差较小,其平均误差仅为10%～14%。研究结果表明,通过量纲分析法得到的爆破振动公式能较准确地反映正高程差放大效应。
Topography affect greatly propagation of vibration wave under condition of variety of terrains.Through analyzing the physical quantity of blasting vibration,a blasting vibration formula of reflecting amplification effect on elevation is established by means of dimensional analysis.Based on the field test of monitoring blasting vibration,when the site topography changes greatly,the velocity error is large by conventional Sodev's empirical formula,and the average is 42%-59%.The average error of velocity of blasting vibration is respectively 24%-49%,40%-58%,58%-59% and 31%-39% with other four practical formulas.The velocity error is small with author's formula of dimensional analysis;and the average error is only 10%-14%.It is shown that the formula of blasting vibration which is established by means of dimensional analysis can accurately predict amplification effect on positive elevation.
Topography affect greatly propagation of vibration wave under condition of variety of terrains.Through analyzing the physical quantity of blasting vibration,a blasting vibration formula of reflecting amplification effect on elevation is established by means of dimensional analysis.Based on the field test of monitoring blasting vibration,when the site topography changes greatly,the velocity error is large by conventional Sodev's empirical formula,and the average is 42%-59%.The average error of velocity of blasting vibration is respectively 24%-49%,40%-58%,58%-59% and 31%-39% with other four practical formulas.The velocity error is small with author's formula of dimensional analysis;and the average error is only 10%-14%.It is shown that the formula of blasting vibration which is established by means of dimensional analysis can accurately predict amplification effect on positive elevation.
引文
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[18]唐海,李海波,蒋鹏灿,等.地形地貌对爆破振动波传播的影响试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1817-1823.TANG Hai,LI Hai-bo,JIANG Peng-can,et al.Experimental study on the effect of topography on the propagation of blasting wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1817-1823.
[2]张学民,阳军生,刘宝琛.层状岩体中近邻双线隧道爆破的振动响应研究[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(4):70-74.ZHANG Xue-min,YANG Jun-sheng,LIU Bao-chen.Study on blasting seismic dynamic effect for tunnels with close interval in bedded rock mass[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2006,21(4):70-74.
[3]张世雄,杨明亮,尹家国,等.预测爆破波振动强度的经验公式及其在采矿中的应用[J].爆破,2000,17(3):3-17.ZHANG Shi-xiong,YANG Ming-liang,YIN Jia-guo,et al.An empirical formula of calculating the vibrating intensity of explosive wave and its application in mining[J].Blasting,2000,17(3):13-17.
[4]张继春,彭琼芳.岩体爆破地震波衰减规律的现场试验与分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(4):399-401.ZHANG Ji-chun,PENG Qiong-fang.Field experiment and its analyses of attenuation law for seismic waves resulting from rock blasting[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2001,20(4):399-401.
[5]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[6]陈均璠,周洪文.清江隔河岩水电站厂房高边坡开挖爆破振动地震效应的研究[C]//国际滑坡与岩土工程学术会议论文集.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1991.
[7]周同龄,李玉寿.反映高程的爆破震动公式及其应用[J].江苏煤炭,1997,(4):21-22.ZHOU Tong-ling,LI Yu-shou.Application of blasting vibration formula related to highness[J].Jiangsu Coal,1997,(4):21-22.
[8]周同岭,杨秀甫,翁家杰.爆破地震高程效应的试验研究[J].建井技术,1997,18(增刊):31-35.ZHOU Tong-ling,YANG Xiu-pu,WENG Jia-jie.Experimental study on elevation effect of blasting seism[J].Mine Construction Technology,1997,18(Supp.):31-35.
[9]朱传统,刘宏根.地震波参数沿边坡坡面传播规律公式选择[J].爆破,1988,(2):30-34.ZHU Chuan-tong,LIU Hong-gen.Selection of formula on propagation of the parameters of explosive seismic wave along slope[J].Blasting,1988,(2):30-34.
[10]王在泉,陆文兴.高边坡爆破开挖震动传播规律及质量控制[J].爆破,1994,11(3):1-4.WANG Zai-quan,LU Wen-xing.Propagation of blasting vibration and quality control of high slope in excavation by blast[J].Blasting,1988,(2):30-34.
[11]李新平,朱瑞赓,祝文化,等.复杂环境下爆破减振保护层的现场试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(6):584-589.LI Xin-ping,ZHU Rui-geng,ZHU Wen-hua,et al.In-situ testing study of protective layer for blasting vibration reduction under complex environment[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(6):584-589.
[12]姚尧.爆震的放大效应与二元回归分析[J].爆破,1992,9(4):5-8.YAO Yao.Enlarged effect of blasting and duality regression analyses[J].Blasting,1992,9(4):5-8.
[13]胡刚,吴云龙.爆破地震振动控制的一种方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(4):104-106.HU Gang,WU Yun-long.A new method of the control of the earthquake vibration caused by explosive[J].Coal Technology,2004,23(4):104-106.
[14]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992.
[15]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.SL-94水工建筑物岩石基础开挖工程施工技术规范[S].北京:水利电力出版社,1994.
[16]李翼祺,马素贞.爆炸力学[M].北京:科学出版社出版,1992.
[17]谭捍华,孙进忠,祁生文.强夯振动衰减规律的研究[J].工程勘察,2001,(5):11-14.TAN Han-hua,SUN Jin-zhong,QI Shen-gwen.Study on the attenuation of dynamic compaction vibration by heavy tampers[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2001,(5):11-14.
[18]唐海,李海波,蒋鹏灿,等.地形地貌对爆破振动波传播的影响试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1817-1823.TANG Hai,LI Hai-bo,JIANG Peng-can,et al.Experimental study on the effect of topography on the propagation of blasting wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1817-1823.
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