工程区地应力场的综合分析法研究
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摘要
针对如何准确确定工程区地应力场提出了综合分析法,即利用断层力学分析法、原地应力实测和数值模拟综合分析工程区地应力场,以期得到更为全面准确的结论。断层力学分析法可以和原地应力实测相互支持映证,并为数值模拟提供依据,而数值模拟可以帮助深刻理解地质条件对实测数据的影响,同时能很好地展现地应力场的三维分布。文中以位于山东胶东半岛的一个研究实例来展示该方法的有效性。工程区地质构造活动主要受近EW晚更新世活动断裂控制,利用断层力学分析法可得该区域三向主应力关系应为SH>SV>Sh,最大水平主应力的方向应为N60oE—N120oE。实测结果显示该区域应力状态有利于走滑断层活动,且最大水平主应力方向N66.6—87.6oW。依据室内实验数据和工程地质调查结论,构建三维数值模型,模拟分析工程区的应力场,分析得到工程区的应力场三维分布特征,数值模拟结果与原地实测的结果较一致。综合分析数值模拟和工程地质调查结果,原地应力测值受地质构造影响较为明显,数值模拟结论能较好地代表完整岩体区的应力分布状态。
An integrated analysis method(IAM) for how to accurately determine the stress regime of an engineering area is presented,which utilizes the faulting mechanical analysis method,in-situ stress measurement and numerical modeling technologies to determine the stress regime comprehensively to draw a reliable conclusion.The faulting mechanical analysis method and in-situ stress measurement techniques can support and verify each other mutually,and offer basis for the numerical model.Moreover,the numerical modeling can help understand the influences of geological conditions on the measured data.At the same time,the numerical model can reveal a 3-D distribution of stress regime.A case is demonstrated to prove the efficiency of this method.This engineering area is located in the Shandong Peninsula,and tectonically controlled by the sub-EW late Pleistocene active faults.The geotechnical investigations show that almost all the small regional faults are nearly EW and dip by 65-85 degrees.According to the faulting mechanical analysis method,the relationship among the three principal stresses should be S H >S V >S h,and the direction of the S H should be N60oE-N120oE.The in-situ stress measurements indicate that the stress state is favorable for strike-slip faults,and the orientation of S H is N66.6~87.6°W.Both conclusions agree well with the data shown by the World Stress Map.One numerical model based on laboratory tests and geotechnical investigation results is set up to simulate the stress regime of this engineering area.The numerical modeling results are consistent with the in-situ stress measurements.At the same time,the numerical modeling and the geotechnical investigations show that some measured data are affected by the small regional faults remarkably.The results of the numerical modeling can reflect the stress regime of intact rock mass.
An integrated analysis method(IAM) for how to accurately determine the stress regime of an engineering area is presented,which utilizes the faulting mechanical analysis method,in-situ stress measurement and numerical modeling technologies to determine the stress regime comprehensively to draw a reliable conclusion.The faulting mechanical analysis method and in-situ stress measurement techniques can support and verify each other mutually,and offer basis for the numerical model.Moreover,the numerical modeling can help understand the influences of geological conditions on the measured data.At the same time,the numerical model can reveal a 3-D distribution of stress regime.A case is demonstrated to prove the efficiency of this method.This engineering area is located in the Shandong Peninsula,and tectonically controlled by the sub-EW late Pleistocene active faults.The geotechnical investigations show that almost all the small regional faults are nearly EW and dip by 65-85 degrees.According to the faulting mechanical analysis method,the relationship among the three principal stresses should be S H >S V >S h,and the direction of the S H should be N60oE-N120oE.The in-situ stress measurements indicate that the stress state is favorable for strike-slip faults,and the orientation of S H is N66.6~87.6°W.Both conclusions agree well with the data shown by the World Stress Map.One numerical model based on laboratory tests and geotechnical investigation results is set up to simulate the stress regime of this engineering area.The numerical modeling results are consistent with the in-situ stress measurements.At the same time,the numerical modeling and the geotechnical investigations show that some measured data are affected by the small regional faults remarkably.The results of the numerical modeling can reflect the stress regime of intact rock mass.
引文
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[12]谢富仁,刘光勋,梁海庆.滇西北及邻区现代构造应力场[J].地震地质,1994,16(4):329–337.(XIE Fu-ren,LIU Guang-xun,LIANG Hai-qing.Recent tectonic stress field in northewest Yunnan province and its adjacent areas[J].Seismology and Geology,1994,16(4):329–337.(in Chinese))
[13]王成虎,郭啟良,侯砚和,等.地下水封油库场址地应力场及工程稳定性分析研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(5):698–705.(WANG Cheng-hu,GUO Qi-liang,HOU Yan-he,et al.In-situ stress field and project stability of underground water-sealed oil depots[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(5):698–705.(in Chinese))
[14]王成虎,刘立鹏,郭启良,等.地应力测量数据分析及对工程稳定性控制设计的意义[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(增刊1):377–381.(WANG Cheng-hu,LIU Li-peng,GUO Qi-liang,et al.One method to analyze the measured in-situ stress data and its significance to the project stability design[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(S1):377–381.(in Chinese))
[15]何满潮,黄润秋,王金安,等.工程地质数值法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.(HE Man-chao,HUANG Run-qiu,WANG Jin-an,et al.Numerical modeling methods in engineering geology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[16]HEIDBACH O,TINGAY M,BARTH A,et al.The release 2008 of the World Stress Map[DB/OL].Potsdam,Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,2008.
[2]HAIMSON B C.The effect of lithology,inhomogeneity,topography,and faults,on in situ stress measurements by hydraulic fracturing,and the importance of correct data interpretation and independent evidence in support of results[C]//Rock Stress and Earthquakes–Xie(ed.),2010,Taylor&Francis Group,London.
[3]ASK D,STEPHANSSON O,CORNET F H,et al.Rock stress,rock stress measurements,and the integrated stress determination method(ISDM)[J].Rock Mech Rock Eng,2009,42:559–584.
[4]STEPHANSSON O,ZANG A.How to generate the Final Rock Stress Model(FRSM)at a site or an area[C]//Rock Stress and Earthquakes–Xie(ed.),2010,Taylor&Francis Group,London.
[5]AMADEI B,STEPHANSSON O.Rock stress and its measurement[M].London:Chapman&Hall,1997.
[6]ANDERSON E M.The dynamics of faulting and dyke formation with applications to britain[M].Edinburgh:Oliver and Boyd,1951.
[7]MARK D ZOBACK.Reservoir geomechanics[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[8]陈颙.地壳岩石的力学性能-理论基础与实验方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.(CHEN Yong.Mechanical performance of rock mass in the Earth’s Crust-Theoretical basis and laboratory methods[M].Beijing:Earthquake Publish Company,1988.(in Chinese))
[9]BYERLEE J D.Friction of rock[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1978,116:615–626.
[10]ANGELIER J.Determination of the mean principal stresses for a given fault population[J].Tectonophysics,1979,56:17–26.
[11]ANGELIER J.Tectonic analysis of fault slip data sets[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1989,89:5835–5848.
[12]谢富仁,刘光勋,梁海庆.滇西北及邻区现代构造应力场[J].地震地质,1994,16(4):329–337.(XIE Fu-ren,LIU Guang-xun,LIANG Hai-qing.Recent tectonic stress field in northewest Yunnan province and its adjacent areas[J].Seismology and Geology,1994,16(4):329–337.(in Chinese))
[13]王成虎,郭啟良,侯砚和,等.地下水封油库场址地应力场及工程稳定性分析研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(5):698–705.(WANG Cheng-hu,GUO Qi-liang,HOU Yan-he,et al.In-situ stress field and project stability of underground water-sealed oil depots[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(5):698–705.(in Chinese))
[14]王成虎,刘立鹏,郭启良,等.地应力测量数据分析及对工程稳定性控制设计的意义[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(增刊1):377–381.(WANG Cheng-hu,LIU Li-peng,GUO Qi-liang,et al.One method to analyze the measured in-situ stress data and its significance to the project stability design[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(S1):377–381.(in Chinese))
[15]何满潮,黄润秋,王金安,等.工程地质数值法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.(HE Man-chao,HUANG Run-qiu,WANG Jin-an,et al.Numerical modeling methods in engineering geology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[16]HEIDBACH O,TINGAY M,BARTH A,et al.The release 2008 of the World Stress Map[DB/OL].Potsdam,Helmholtz Centre Potsdam,2008.
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