川滇地区水平向强地震动衰减关系研究
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摘要
利用近几年在川滇地区破坏性地震及汶川地震强余震中获得的951条加速度记录,通过选取合适的衰减关系形式和距离参数,经统计获得了川滇地区水平向峰值加速度与35个周期点对应的加速度反应谱(阻尼比0.05)衰减关系.统计结果显示,震级越大,地震动随距离的衰减越慢;加速度反应谱的短周期部分随距离的衰减明显快于长周期部分;中强地震在近场也会产生较大的峰值加速度和较高的短周期加速度反应谱.由于统计资料的非完整性,本文统计结果尚不宜直接应用于相关工程场地的设计地震动参数确定中.但本文结果与目前由转换方法得到的我国西部地震动参数衰减规律的较大差异提示:进一步深入研究我国地震动参数衰减规律应是紧迫而重要的任务.
By statistical analyses of 951 sets of acceleration records obtained in several destructive earthquakes and aftershocks of Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake, the attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration (PGA) and acceleration response spectra (damping ratio 0.05) in Sichuan--Yunnan region of China were determined with appropriate attenuation relationship formula and distance parameters. The result of this study indicates that the ground motion induced by larger earthquakes attenuated much slower with the increase of distance than that induced by smaller ones, and the acceleration response spectra for shorter periods (0—0.15 s) attenuated more quickly with the increase of distance than that for longer periods (0.2—10 s), which were the two reasons why considerably large PGA and short-period spectrum acceleration were commonly observed in near-field of moderate earthquakes. But these attenuation relationships could not be used in the determination of design ground motion for engineering sites because of the data incompleteness. The significant difference between the result of this study and the attenuation relationship law in western China obtained with conversion method indicates that further research on the attenuation relationship laws in China is an important and pressing task.
By statistical analyses of 951 sets of acceleration records obtained in several destructive earthquakes and aftershocks of Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake, the attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration (PGA) and acceleration response spectra (damping ratio 0.05) in Sichuan--Yunnan region of China were determined with appropriate attenuation relationship formula and distance parameters. The result of this study indicates that the ground motion induced by larger earthquakes attenuated much slower with the increase of distance than that induced by smaller ones, and the acceleration response spectra for shorter periods (0—0.15 s) attenuated more quickly with the increase of distance than that for longer periods (0.2—10 s), which were the two reasons why considerably large PGA and short-period spectrum acceleration were commonly observed in near-field of moderate earthquakes. But these attenuation relationships could not be used in the determination of design ground motion for engineering sites because of the data incompleteness. The significant difference between the result of this study and the attenuation relationship law in western China obtained with conversion method indicates that further research on the attenuation relationship laws in China is an important and pressing task.
引文
蔡辉腾,蔡宗文,危福泉,张颖.2009.福建及邻区水平基岩加速度反应谱衰减关系[J].中国地震,25(4):424--423.
陈运泰,刘瑞丰.2004.地震的震级[J].地震地磁观测与研究,25(6):1--12.
崔建文,李世成,高东,赵永庆,包一峰.2006.云南分区地震动衰减关系[J].地震研究,129(14):386--391.
范文,杜文和,王晓军,邵辉成,文毅.2011.陕西地区地震动衰减关系研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,31(2):47--54.
高玉峰,谢康和,曾国熙.2000.中强地震区地震烈度和峰值加速度的衰减规律[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,34(4):404--408.
胡聿贤,张敏政.1984.缺乏强震观测资料地区地震动参数的估算方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,4(1):1--11.
胡聿贤.2006.地震工程学[M].第二版.北京:地震出版社:114--124.
霍俊荣.1989.近场强地面运动衰减规律的研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所:29--39.
金星,康兰池,欧益萍.2009.福建地区中小地震加速度反应谱衰减规律[J].地震工程与工程振动,29(5):52--58.
雷建成,高孟潭,俞言祥.2007.四川及邻区地震动衰减关系[J].地震学报,29(5):500--511.
李小军,阎秀杰,潘华.2005.中小震近场地震动估计中地震动衰减关系的适用性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,25(1):1--7.
李小军.2008.汶川8.0级地震余震固定台未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社:1--6.
李忠华,苏有锦,蔡明军,张俊伟,刘祖荫.1999.云南地区震源破裂长度与震级的经验关系[J].西北地震学报,21(3):331--333.
林淋.2011.汶川地震地面运动场估计及地震烈度与地震动参数相关性分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所:89--105.
卢大伟,李小军,崔建文.2010.汶川中强余震地震动峰值衰减关系[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,18(增刊1):138--151.
吕坚,俞言祥,汤兰荣,高建华,卢福水.2009.江西省及邻区地震动参数衰减关系[J].地震地质,31(1):122--131.
沈建文,邱瑛,赵志贺.1990.震级-破裂长度关系与断层破裂模型[J].地球物理学报,33(2):242--248.
石树中,沈建文.2003.上海及邻近地区地震动衰减关系研究[J].中国地震,19(4):315--323.
王玉石.2010.地震动强度及其特征分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所:53--68.
杨帆,罗奇峰.2010.汶川地震的6区域模型加速度峰值衰减关系[J].土木建筑与环境工程,32(5):29--34.
俞言祥,汪素云.2004.青藏高原东北地区水平向基岩加速度峰值与反应谱衰减关系[J].地震学报,26(6):591--600.
俞言祥,汪素云.2006.中国东部和西部地区水平向基岩加速度反应谱衰减关系[J].震灾防御技术,1(3):206--217.
俞言祥.2002.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所:66--87.
赵凤新,王海江,张郁山.2009.用于核工程地震安全性评价的中小地震水平向加速度反应谱衰减关系研究[J].中国地震,25(3):274--281.
中国地震局震害防御司.2008.汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社:1--5.
中华人民共和国国家标准.2005.工程场地地震安全性评价(GB17741-2005)[S].北京:中国标准出版社:1--9.
Boore D M,Atkinson G M.2008.Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA,PGV,and5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between0.01sand10.0s[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):99--138.
Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.2008.NGA ground motion model for the geometric mean horizontal component of PGA,PGV,PGD and5%damped linear elastic response spectra for periods ranging from0.01to10s[J].EarthquakeSpectra,24(1):139--171.
Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.2010.A ground motion prediction equation for the horizontal component of cumulative ab-solute velocity(CAV)based on the PEER-NGA strong motion database[J].Earthquake Spectra,26(3):635--650.
Chiou B,Youngs R R.2008.NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak andspectral ground motion parameters[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):173--215.
Graizer V,Kalkan E.2009.Prediction of spectral acceleration response ordinates based on PGA attenuation[J].Earth-quake Spectra,25(1):39--69.
Hu Y X,Zhang M Z.1983.Attenuation of ground motion for regions with no ground motion data[C]∥Proceedings of4th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,Canada:485--494.
Lu D W,Cui J W,Li X J,Lian W P.2010.Ground motion attenuation of MS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].EarthquakeScience,23(1):95--100.
Power M,Chiou B,Abrahamson N,Bozorgnia Y,Shantz T,Roblee C.2008.An overview of the NGA project[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):3--21.
Rowshandel B.2010.Directivity correction for the next generation attenuation(NGA)relations[J].Earthquake Spec-tra,26(2):525--559.
Wang D,Xie L L.2009.Attenuation of peak ground accelerations from the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthq EngEng Vib,8(2):179--188.
Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.1994.New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rup-ture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,84(4):974--1002.
陈运泰,刘瑞丰.2004.地震的震级[J].地震地磁观测与研究,25(6):1--12.
崔建文,李世成,高东,赵永庆,包一峰.2006.云南分区地震动衰减关系[J].地震研究,129(14):386--391.
范文,杜文和,王晓军,邵辉成,文毅.2011.陕西地区地震动衰减关系研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,31(2):47--54.
高玉峰,谢康和,曾国熙.2000.中强地震区地震烈度和峰值加速度的衰减规律[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,34(4):404--408.
胡聿贤,张敏政.1984.缺乏强震观测资料地区地震动参数的估算方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,4(1):1--11.
胡聿贤.2006.地震工程学[M].第二版.北京:地震出版社:114--124.
霍俊荣.1989.近场强地面运动衰减规律的研究[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所:29--39.
金星,康兰池,欧益萍.2009.福建地区中小地震加速度反应谱衰减规律[J].地震工程与工程振动,29(5):52--58.
雷建成,高孟潭,俞言祥.2007.四川及邻区地震动衰减关系[J].地震学报,29(5):500--511.
李小军,阎秀杰,潘华.2005.中小震近场地震动估计中地震动衰减关系的适用性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,25(1):1--7.
李小军.2008.汶川8.0级地震余震固定台未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社:1--6.
李忠华,苏有锦,蔡明军,张俊伟,刘祖荫.1999.云南地区震源破裂长度与震级的经验关系[J].西北地震学报,21(3):331--333.
林淋.2011.汶川地震地面运动场估计及地震烈度与地震动参数相关性分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所:89--105.
卢大伟,李小军,崔建文.2010.汶川中强余震地震动峰值衰减关系[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,18(增刊1):138--151.
吕坚,俞言祥,汤兰荣,高建华,卢福水.2009.江西省及邻区地震动参数衰减关系[J].地震地质,31(1):122--131.
沈建文,邱瑛,赵志贺.1990.震级-破裂长度关系与断层破裂模型[J].地球物理学报,33(2):242--248.
石树中,沈建文.2003.上海及邻近地区地震动衰减关系研究[J].中国地震,19(4):315--323.
王玉石.2010.地震动强度及其特征分析[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所:53--68.
杨帆,罗奇峰.2010.汶川地震的6区域模型加速度峰值衰减关系[J].土木建筑与环境工程,32(5):29--34.
俞言祥,汪素云.2004.青藏高原东北地区水平向基岩加速度峰值与反应谱衰减关系[J].地震学报,26(6):591--600.
俞言祥,汪素云.2006.中国东部和西部地区水平向基岩加速度反应谱衰减关系[J].震灾防御技术,1(3):206--217.
俞言祥.2002.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所:66--87.
赵凤新,王海江,张郁山.2009.用于核工程地震安全性评价的中小地震水平向加速度反应谱衰减关系研究[J].中国地震,25(3):274--281.
中国地震局震害防御司.2008.汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社:1--5.
中华人民共和国国家标准.2005.工程场地地震安全性评价(GB17741-2005)[S].北京:中国标准出版社:1--9.
Boore D M,Atkinson G M.2008.Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA,PGV,and5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between0.01sand10.0s[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):99--138.
Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.2008.NGA ground motion model for the geometric mean horizontal component of PGA,PGV,PGD and5%damped linear elastic response spectra for periods ranging from0.01to10s[J].EarthquakeSpectra,24(1):139--171.
Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.2010.A ground motion prediction equation for the horizontal component of cumulative ab-solute velocity(CAV)based on the PEER-NGA strong motion database[J].Earthquake Spectra,26(3):635--650.
Chiou B,Youngs R R.2008.NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak andspectral ground motion parameters[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):173--215.
Graizer V,Kalkan E.2009.Prediction of spectral acceleration response ordinates based on PGA attenuation[J].Earth-quake Spectra,25(1):39--69.
Hu Y X,Zhang M Z.1983.Attenuation of ground motion for regions with no ground motion data[C]∥Proceedings of4th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,Canada:485--494.
Lu D W,Cui J W,Li X J,Lian W P.2010.Ground motion attenuation of MS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].EarthquakeScience,23(1):95--100.
Power M,Chiou B,Abrahamson N,Bozorgnia Y,Shantz T,Roblee C.2008.An overview of the NGA project[J].Earthquake Spectra,24(1):3--21.
Rowshandel B.2010.Directivity correction for the next generation attenuation(NGA)relations[J].Earthquake Spec-tra,26(2):525--559.
Wang D,Xie L L.2009.Attenuation of peak ground accelerations from the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthq EngEng Vib,8(2):179--188.
Wells D L,Coppersmith K J.1994.New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture length,rupture width,rup-ture area,and surface displacement[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,84(4):974--1002.
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