应力波作用下岩石声发射实验研究
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摘要
在霍普金森(SHPB)冲击系统上进行了应力波作用下岩石声发射实验,获得了该加载条件下岩石破裂的声发射规律。实验结果表明,应力波下,声发射峰值能量之前所出现的声发射信号相当匮乏;而且其能量规律呈现出两种明显不同的特征:Ⅰ型,声发射峰值能量之后,能量迅速衰减,到了加载的末期,能量出现了一定的回升,产生了"拐点";Ⅱ型,声发射峰值能量之后,能量衰减相对Ⅰ型较慢,且不出现"拐点"。研究结果表明,声发射的能量特征与岩石破碎的程度密切相关;冲击载荷作用下岩石的声发射不仅仅是裂纹信息的反映,其中也包含了对应力波信号的反映。
Experiments were made on a SHPB system and the AE law of a rock under action of stress wave was obtained.The experimental results showed that the AE signals are few before the peak of the energy occurs;and the AE energy presents two different features:(1) the energy decays rapidly after the peak of the energy occurs,however,the energy rises at the end of the loading and the "inflection point" appears;(2) the energy decays slowly after the peak energy occurs and the "inflection point" does not appear.The study results indicated that the AE energy features closely relate to the rock fragmentation levels;the AE under action of stress wave not only reflects the information of cracks,but also that of stress wave signals.
Experiments were made on a SHPB system and the AE law of a rock under action of stress wave was obtained.The experimental results showed that the AE signals are few before the peak of the energy occurs;and the AE energy presents two different features:(1) the energy decays rapidly after the peak of the energy occurs,however,the energy rises at the end of the loading and the "inflection point" appears;(2) the energy decays slowly after the peak energy occurs and the "inflection point" does not appear.The study results indicated that the AE energy features closely relate to the rock fragmentation levels;the AE under action of stress wave not only reflects the information of cracks,but also that of stress wave signals.
引文
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[13]张流,许昭永,陆阳泉.地震前兆场物理机制实验研究的新进展.地震,1995,增刊:40-54.
[14]潘长良,祝方才,曹平,等.单轴压力下岩爆倾向岩石的声发射特征[J].中南工业大学学报,200l,32(4): 336-338.
[15]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.地震临界点理论的实验研究[J].地震学报,2004,26(增刊):122-130.
[16]纪洪广,蔡美峰.混凝土材料声发射与应力-应变参量耦合关系及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2): 227-231.
[17]马胜利,蒋海昆,扈小燕,等.基于声发射实验结果讨论大震前地震活动平静现象的机制.2004,26(3):426-435.
[18]Prikryl R,Lokajicek T,Li C,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics and failure of uniaxially stressed granitic rocks:the effect of rock fabric[J].Rock Mech Rock Engng, (2003)36(4):255-270.
[19]Rudajev V,Vilhelm J,Lokajicek T.Laboratory studies of acoustic emission prior to uniaxial compressive rock failure [J].International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences,2000,37:699-704.
[20]Chang S.H.,Lee C.I..Estimation of cracking and damage mechanisms in rock under Triaxial compression by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2004,41: 1069-1086.
[21]Hakailehto K O.The behavior of rock under impulse loads-A study using the hopkinson split bar method[J].Acta polytechnica scandinanca,1969,81:1-61.
[2]Rudajev V,Vilhelm J,Kozak J,et al.Statistical precursors of instability of loaded rock samples based on acoustic emission.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci &Geomech Abst,1996, 33(7):743-748.
[3]Seto M,Nag D K,Vutukuri V S.In-situ rock stress measurement from rock cores using the acoustic emission method and deformation rate analysis[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,1999(17):241-266.
[4]Backers T,Stanchits S,Dresen G.Tensile fracture propagation and acoustic emission activity in sandstone:The effect of loading rate[J].Int J Rock Mech &Min Sci,2005, 42:1094-1101.
[5]李夕兵,刘志祥.岩体声发射混沌与智能辨识研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(8):1296-1300.
[6]杨健,王连俊.岩爆机理声发射试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(20):3796-3802.
[7]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.地壳不同深度温压条件下花岗岩变形破坏及声发射时序特征[J].地震学报,2000,22 (4):395-403.
[8]吴刚,赵震洋.不同应力状态下岩石类材料破坏的声发射特性[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(2):82-85.
[9]郝晋升,刘晓红,李纪汉.华北地区五种岩石在高压下的破坏特征[J].地震学报,1986,8(4):404-411.
[10]Rudajev V,Vilhelm J,Lokajicek T.Laboratory studies of acoustic emission prior to uniaxial compressive rock failure [J].Int J Rock Mech &Min Sci,2000,37:699-704
[11]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15): 2499-2503.
[12]Tham L G,Liu H,Tang C A,et al.On tension failure of 2- D rock specimens and associated acoustic emission[J].Rock Mech Rock Engn,2005,38(1):1-19
[13]张流,许昭永,陆阳泉.地震前兆场物理机制实验研究的新进展.地震,1995,增刊:40-54.
[14]潘长良,祝方才,曹平,等.单轴压力下岩爆倾向岩石的声发射特征[J].中南工业大学学报,200l,32(4): 336-338.
[15]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.地震临界点理论的实验研究[J].地震学报,2004,26(增刊):122-130.
[16]纪洪广,蔡美峰.混凝土材料声发射与应力-应变参量耦合关系及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2): 227-231.
[17]马胜利,蒋海昆,扈小燕,等.基于声发射实验结果讨论大震前地震活动平静现象的机制.2004,26(3):426-435.
[18]Prikryl R,Lokajicek T,Li C,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics and failure of uniaxially stressed granitic rocks:the effect of rock fabric[J].Rock Mech Rock Engng, (2003)36(4):255-270.
[19]Rudajev V,Vilhelm J,Lokajicek T.Laboratory studies of acoustic emission prior to uniaxial compressive rock failure [J].International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences,2000,37:699-704.
[20]Chang S.H.,Lee C.I..Estimation of cracking and damage mechanisms in rock under Triaxial compression by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2004,41: 1069-1086.
[21]Hakailehto K O.The behavior of rock under impulse loads-A study using the hopkinson split bar method[J].Acta polytechnica scandinanca,1969,81:1-61.
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