裂缝型储层地震检测方法综述
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摘要
裂缝型油气藏在新增储量中占有越来越大的比重.准确预测裂缝发育带是评价裂缝型储层的前提,更是裂缝型油气藏提高勘探效率和开发水平的关键.本文介绍了裂缝型储层的理论介质模型;重点研究了国内外较成熟的裂缝型储层地震检测方法,如纵波振幅、速度、旅行时、和波阻抗检测,横波检测以及多波多分量检测等地震技术.纵波资料对裂缝的敏感度不够,而横波资料勘探难度大,成本高.目前,在进行裂缝型储层检测时,比较普遍使用包含有纵、横波信息的转换波勘探,尤其在海上勘探方面,已经进入商业化应用阶段.然而,地震检测方法也有其自身的缺陷,我们需要综合分析岩芯露头、测井、以及VSP资料,才能更有效地预测裂缝型储层.
Nowadays,the exploration of fractured reservoir plays a vital role in the further development of petroleum industry through out the world.We briefly introduce theoretical model (HTI) for fractured reservoir.Then we give a review and comparison of seismic exploration technologies for fractures available in the industry,such as P-wave AVO、AVOZ、VVA、ARM、and IPVA,S-wave exploration,and P-S converted wave exploration.Seismic exploration has shown great potential for application to the oil and gas prediction of fractured reservoir and the reservoir fine description.Every technique has its disadvantage,prohibitive expense in S-wave data acquisition and processing,P-wave that is lack of sensitivity to anisotropy medium.Now,multi-component seismic prevails,especially P-S converted wave exploration,has been commercialized on offshore exploration.We can draw a conclusion that a better way to any particular field is using synthesis of multiple data sources including core、outcrop、well-test、image logs、3D VSPs,generally to improve the accuracy.
Nowadays,the exploration of fractured reservoir plays a vital role in the further development of petroleum industry through out the world.We briefly introduce theoretical model (HTI) for fractured reservoir.Then we give a review and comparison of seismic exploration technologies for fractures available in the industry,such as P-wave AVO、AVOZ、VVA、ARM、and IPVA,S-wave exploration,and P-S converted wave exploration.Seismic exploration has shown great potential for application to the oil and gas prediction of fractured reservoir and the reservoir fine description.Every technique has its disadvantage,prohibitive expense in S-wave data acquisition and processing,P-wave that is lack of sensitivity to anisotropy medium.Now,multi-component seismic prevails,especially P-S converted wave exploration,has been commercialized on offshore exploration.We can draw a conclusion that a better way to any particular field is using synthesis of multiple data sources including core、outcrop、well-test、image logs、3D VSPs,generally to improve the accuracy.
引文
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