利用福岛第一核电厂事故期间环境监测资料反推事故释放源项
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摘要
2011年3月11日,日本福岛核事故导致放射性物质向大气环境的大规模释放。本工作利用大气数值预报模式WRFV2.2.1和大气弥散模式CALPUFF,对事故期间放射性物质的大气输运和弥散进行了模拟。应用大气释放源项的逆推算方法,结合单位释放率条件下的大气弥散模拟结果和环境监测数据,对福岛第一核电厂1到3号机组向大气环境释放的放射性核素总量进行了评估,推算的131I和137 Cs气载释放量分别为8.6×1016 Bq和8.6×1015 Bq。
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident on March 11,2011 caused the month-long discharge of radioactive materials into the atmosphere.By using numerical prediction model WRFV2.2.1 and dispersion model CALPUFF,atmospheric transport and dispersion of radioactive materials was simulated during the accident.The method of a reverse estimation of source term into environment was applied by combining environmental monitoring data with atmospheric dispersion simulations under the assumption of unit release rate.Preliminary estimation of release amounts of 131I and 137Cs accidentally discharged from Unit 1 through Unit 3 of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the atmosphere was obtained,based on the environmental monitoring data.Release amounts of 131I and 137Cs are 8.6×1016 Bq and 8.6×1015 Bq,respectively.
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident on March 11,2011 caused the month-long discharge of radioactive materials into the atmosphere.By using numerical prediction model WRFV2.2.1 and dispersion model CALPUFF,atmospheric transport and dispersion of radioactive materials was simulated during the accident.The method of a reverse estimation of source term into environment was applied by combining environmental monitoring data with atmospheric dispersion simulations under the assumption of unit release rate.Preliminary estimation of release amounts of 131I and 137Cs accidentally discharged from Unit 1 through Unit 3 of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the atmosphere was obtained,based on the environmental monitoring data.Release amounts of 131I and 137Cs are 8.6×1016 Bq and 8.6×1015 Bq,respectively.
引文
[1]日本経済産業省原力安全.保安子院.地震被害情報(第94報）（４月１５日０８時00分現在)[OL].http:∥www.meti.go.jp/press/2011/04/20110415002/20110415002-1.pdf,2011-04-15.
[2]日本政府原子力災害対策本部.原子力安全に関するIAEA閣僚会議に対する日本国政府の報告書－東京電力福島原子力発電所の事故について-[OL].http:∥www.kantei.go.jp/jp/topics/2011/iaea_houkokusho.html,2011-06-07.
[3]朱好,蔡旭晖,张宏升,等.内陆丘陵河谷地区小风条件下的大气扩散模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):613-623.
[4]東京電力株式会社.福島第二原子力発電所の現状について【午後3時00分時点】[OL].http:∥www.tepco.co.jp/cc/press/betu11_j/images/110316d.pdf,2011-03-16.
[5]U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission.RASCAL4:Description of Models and Methods[R].USA:U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission,2010.
[6]International Atomic Energy Agency.Generic Mo-dels for Use in Assessing the Impact of Dischargesof Radioactive Substances to the Environment,IAEA Safety Reports Series No.19[R].Vienna:IAEA,2001.
[7]Masamichi Chino,Hiromasa Nakayama,HaruyasuNagai,et al.Preliminary Estimation of ReleaseAmounts of 131I and 137 Cs Accidentally DischargedFrom the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power PlantInto the Atmosphere[J].J Nucl Sci Tech,2011,48(7):1 129-1 134.
[2]日本政府原子力災害対策本部.原子力安全に関するIAEA閣僚会議に対する日本国政府の報告書－東京電力福島原子力発電所の事故について-[OL].http:∥www.kantei.go.jp/jp/topics/2011/iaea_houkokusho.html,2011-06-07.
[3]朱好,蔡旭晖,张宏升,等.内陆丘陵河谷地区小风条件下的大气扩散模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):613-623.
[4]東京電力株式会社.福島第二原子力発電所の現状について【午後3時00分時点】[OL].http:∥www.tepco.co.jp/cc/press/betu11_j/images/110316d.pdf,2011-03-16.
[5]U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission.RASCAL4:Description of Models and Methods[R].USA:U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission,2010.
[6]International Atomic Energy Agency.Generic Mo-dels for Use in Assessing the Impact of Dischargesof Radioactive Substances to the Environment,IAEA Safety Reports Series No.19[R].Vienna:IAEA,2001.
[7]Masamichi Chino,Hiromasa Nakayama,HaruyasuNagai,et al.Preliminary Estimation of ReleaseAmounts of 131I and 137 Cs Accidentally DischargedFrom the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power PlantInto the Atmosphere[J].J Nucl Sci Tech,2011,48(7):1 129-1 134.
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