基于精确延期的深孔控制爆破技术
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摘要
结合基础开挖工程,探讨了电子雷管起爆技术及其在复杂环境下深孔爆破工程的应用,结合振动监测结果,分析了基础开挖逐孔精确延期爆破及其振动效应与控制技术。研究结果表明:高精度电子雷管可大幅度地降低爆破振动强度,结合预裂控制爆破,降振效果更加显著;通过优化延期时间,爆破地震波可调整为均匀分布的高频低峰值波形,爆破破岩效果与有害效应得到精确控制。
Discussed the electric detonator initiating technology and its application in deep-hole blasting under complex environment combining with engineering practices.Besides,analyzed the hole-by-hole accurate delay blasting and its vibration effect and control technology in foundation excavation.The results show that the high-precision electronic detonators can significantly reduce the strength of blasting vibration,combines with the pre-split blasting control,vibration reduction effect is more significant.By optimizing the delay time,a high-frequency and low-peak waveform may be adjusted,blasting break rock effects and harmful effects can be precise controlled.
Discussed the electric detonator initiating technology and its application in deep-hole blasting under complex environment combining with engineering practices.Besides,analyzed the hole-by-hole accurate delay blasting and its vibration effect and control technology in foundation excavation.The results show that the high-precision electronic detonators can significantly reduce the strength of blasting vibration,combines with the pre-split blasting control,vibration reduction effect is more significant.By optimizing the delay time,a high-frequency and low-peak waveform may be adjusted,blasting break rock effects and harmful effects can be precise controlled.
引文
[1]汪旭光.爆破器材与工程爆破新进展[J].中国工程科学,2002,4(4):36-40.Wang Xuguang.Progresses in explosive materials and engineeringblasting[J].Engineering Science,2002,4(4):36-40.
[2]Petzpold J,Hammelman F.The second generation of electronic blas-ting systems[A].Explosives and Blasting Technique[C].Balkema,2000:159-164.
[3]Bleuzen Y,Jauffret G,Humbert D.Technological improvements onexplosives for underground work operations[A].Explosives&Blas-ting technique[C].Balkema,2000:187-193.
[4]Cunningham C V B.The effect of timing precision on control of blas-ting effects[A].Explosives&Blasting Technique[C].Balkema,2000:123-127.
[5]Orica Co.I-Kon digital energy control[R].The Orica Group,2001.
[6]Mine Site Technologies Pty Limited.Remote blast initiation[A].2001 MSTPL[C].2001:1-7.
[7]汪旭光,沈立晋.工业雷管技术的现状和发展[J].工程爆破,2003,9(3):52-57.Wang Xuguang,Shen Lijin.The state of the arts of industrial detona-tors[J].Engineering Blasting,2003,9(3):52-57.
[8]高文学,刘运通.路堑高边坡岩体多边界爆破理论及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3 397-3 401.Gao Wenxue,Liu Yuntong.Blasting theory of high and steep rockcutting slope and its practice[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3 397-3 401.
[9]刘运通,高文学,刘宏刚.现代公路工程爆破[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.Liu Yuntong,Gao Wenxue,Liu Honggang.Modern road blasting en-gineering[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006.
[10]邢光武,郑炳旭,魏晓林.延时起爆干扰减震爆破技术的发展与创新[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(4):95-97.Xing Guangwu,Zheng Bingxu,Wei Xiaolin.Development and inno-vation delay initiating techniques to reduce blasting vibration[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(4):95-97.
[11]刘谦.诺兰达公司利用电子雷管进行地下矿山的大型卸压爆破[J].工程爆破,2002,8(1):50-52.Liu Qian.A large-scale underground destress mass blast with elec-tronic detonators carried out in Noranda’s Brunswick Mine[J].Engineering Blasting,2002,8(1):50-52.
[12]赵根.台阶爆破精确起爆振动特性研究[J].爆破,2010,27(2):14-17.Zhao Gen.Research on vibration characteristics of bench blastingunder precise detonation[J].Blasting,2010,27(2):14-17.
[13]史秀志,陈寿如.爆破振动时频特征的段药量及抵抗线效应[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(3):345-349.Shi Xiuzhi,Chen Shouru.Explosive blasted per delay and burdeneffects on the time-frequency characteristic of vibration induced byblast[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(3):345-349.
[14]余德运,杨军,赵明生.减震沟对台阶爆破地震波减震机理探讨[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):244-247.Yu Deyun,Yang Jun,Zhao Mingsheng.Study on the absorptionmechanism of damping bitch to the vibration wave in bench blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):244-247.
[15]凌同华,李夕兵.多段微差爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):1 117-1 122.Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing.Analysis of energy distributions of milli-second blast vibration signals using the wavelet packet method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):1 117-1 122.
[2]Petzpold J,Hammelman F.The second generation of electronic blas-ting systems[A].Explosives and Blasting Technique[C].Balkema,2000:159-164.
[3]Bleuzen Y,Jauffret G,Humbert D.Technological improvements onexplosives for underground work operations[A].Explosives&Blas-ting technique[C].Balkema,2000:187-193.
[4]Cunningham C V B.The effect of timing precision on control of blas-ting effects[A].Explosives&Blasting Technique[C].Balkema,2000:123-127.
[5]Orica Co.I-Kon digital energy control[R].The Orica Group,2001.
[6]Mine Site Technologies Pty Limited.Remote blast initiation[A].2001 MSTPL[C].2001:1-7.
[7]汪旭光,沈立晋.工业雷管技术的现状和发展[J].工程爆破,2003,9(3):52-57.Wang Xuguang,Shen Lijin.The state of the arts of industrial detona-tors[J].Engineering Blasting,2003,9(3):52-57.
[8]高文学,刘运通.路堑高边坡岩体多边界爆破理论及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3 397-3 401.Gao Wenxue,Liu Yuntong.Blasting theory of high and steep rockcutting slope and its practice[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2007,26(S1):3 397-3 401.
[9]刘运通,高文学,刘宏刚.现代公路工程爆破[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.Liu Yuntong,Gao Wenxue,Liu Honggang.Modern road blasting en-gineering[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006.
[10]邢光武,郑炳旭,魏晓林.延时起爆干扰减震爆破技术的发展与创新[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(4):95-97.Xing Guangwu,Zheng Bingxu,Wei Xiaolin.Development and inno-vation delay initiating techniques to reduce blasting vibration[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(4):95-97.
[11]刘谦.诺兰达公司利用电子雷管进行地下矿山的大型卸压爆破[J].工程爆破,2002,8(1):50-52.Liu Qian.A large-scale underground destress mass blast with elec-tronic detonators carried out in Noranda’s Brunswick Mine[J].Engineering Blasting,2002,8(1):50-52.
[12]赵根.台阶爆破精确起爆振动特性研究[J].爆破,2010,27(2):14-17.Zhao Gen.Research on vibration characteristics of bench blastingunder precise detonation[J].Blasting,2010,27(2):14-17.
[13]史秀志,陈寿如.爆破振动时频特征的段药量及抵抗线效应[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(3):345-349.Shi Xiuzhi,Chen Shouru.Explosive blasted per delay and burdeneffects on the time-frequency characteristic of vibration induced byblast[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(3):345-349.
[14]余德运,杨军,赵明生.减震沟对台阶爆破地震波减震机理探讨[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):244-247.Yu Deyun,Yang Jun,Zhao Mingsheng.Study on the absorptionmechanism of damping bitch to the vibration wave in bench blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):244-247.
[15]凌同华,李夕兵.多段微差爆破振动信号频带能量分布特征的小波包分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):1 117-1 122.Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing.Analysis of energy distributions of milli-second blast vibration signals using the wavelet packet method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):1 117-1 122.
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