一种适用于大型工程结构的分散振动控制方法
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摘要
基于瞬时最优控制算法,提出一种适用于大型结构振动控制的分散控制方法。根据大型结构的有限元模型,将其划分为若干子结构,相邻子结构间的作用力视为对子结构的"附加未知扰动"。在子结构加速度响应部分观测情况下,依次运用卡尔曼预测估计和最小二乘估计法,分别对子结构的状态和子结构间的作用力进行估计,并在此基础上基于瞬时最优控制算法确定各子结构的最优控制力,继而施加于结构对其进行振动控制。将提出的分散振动控制方法应用于美国土木工程师协会(ASCE)提出的20层控制基准问题(benchmark problem),并与传统的集中振动控制方法进行相关振动控制指标的比较。结果表明提出的分散振动控制方法能取得满意的振动控制效果。因此,提出的分散振动控制方法适合应用于对大型结构的振动控制。
In this paper,a decentralized vibration control algorithm is proposed for large-scale engineering structures utilizing the instantaneous optimal control scheme.Based on finite element model,a large-scale structure is divided into small size substructures.Interconnection forces between adjacent substructures are considered as "additional unknown disturbances" to the substructures.A computational algorithm based on sequential application of Kalman estimator for the state vector and least-square estimation for the "additional unknown disturbances" in each substructure,respectively is developed.The optimal control forces are determined by the instantaneous optimal control scheme.The proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm is applied to the ASCE 20-story control benchmark building under earthquake excitation and compared with the conventional centralized vibration control approach.It is demonstrated that the proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm provides satisfactory control performances.Thus,the proposed decentralized control algorithm is suitable for the vibration control of large-scale engineering structures.
In this paper,a decentralized vibration control algorithm is proposed for large-scale engineering structures utilizing the instantaneous optimal control scheme.Based on finite element model,a large-scale structure is divided into small size substructures.Interconnection forces between adjacent substructures are considered as "additional unknown disturbances" to the substructures.A computational algorithm based on sequential application of Kalman estimator for the state vector and least-square estimation for the "additional unknown disturbances" in each substructure,respectively is developed.The optimal control forces are determined by the instantaneous optimal control scheme.The proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm is applied to the ASCE 20-story control benchmark building under earthquake excitation and compared with the conventional centralized vibration control approach.It is demonstrated that the proposed decentralized vibration control algorithm provides satisfactory control performances.Thus,the proposed decentralized control algorithm is suitable for the vibration control of large-scale engineering structures.
引文
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[2]Siljak D D.Decentralized control and computations.status and prospects[J].Annual Reviews in Control,1996,20(2):131—141.
[3]Bakule L.Decentralized control:An overview[J].Annual Reviews in Control,2008,32(1):87—98.
[4]Xu B,Wu Z S,Yokoyama K.Neural network fordecentralized control of cable-stayed bridge[J].BridgeEng.,2003,8(4):229—236.
[5]Zhou Q,Duan Z D.Study of hierarchicaldecentralized vibration control of structures[A].Smart Structures and Materials 2006:Sensors andSmart Structures Technologies for Civil,Mechanicaland Aerospace Systems[C].Bellingham:SPIE,2006,6174,6174:199—205.
[6]李宏男,李瀛,李钢.地震作用下建筑结构的分散控制研究[J].2008,41(9):27—33.Li Hongnan,Li Ying,Li Gang.Decentralized controlof structures under earthquakes[J].China CivilEngineering Journal,2008,41(9):27—33.
[7]Lynch J P,Law K H.Decentralized controltechniques for large-scale civil structural systems[A].Proceedings of the 20th International Modal AnalysisConference[C].Los Angeles,Bellingham:Society ofPhoto-Optical Instrumentation Engineers,2002.
[8]Wang Y.Wireless sensing and decentralized controlfor civil structures:theory and implementation[D].Ph.D.Thesis,Department of civil and EnvironmentalEngineering,Stanford University,Stanford,CA,2007.
[9]Loh C H,Chang C M.Application of centralized anddecentralized control to building structure:Analyticalstudy[J].J.Eng.Mech.,2008,134(11):970—982.
[10]Rofooel F R,Monajemi-Nezhad S.Decentralizedcontrol of tall buildings[J].Struct Design Tall Spec.,2006,15:153—170.
[11]Rofooel F R,Monajemi-Nezhad S.Decentralizedsliding mode control of multi-storey buildings[J].Design Tall Spec.,2007,16:181—200.
[12]Ma T W,Xu N S,Tang Y.Decentralized robustcontrol of building structures under seismic excitations[J].Earthquake Engng Struct.Dyn.,2008,37:121—140.
[13]Yang J N,Akbarpour A,Gaemmaghami P.Newoptimal control algorithms for structural control[J].J.Eng.Mech,ASCE,1987,113(9):1 369—1 386.
[14]Yang J N,Akbarpour A.Effect of system uncertaintyon control of seismic-excited buildings[J].J.Eng.Mech,ASCE,1990,116(2):462—470.
[15]Spencer Jr B F.Benchmark structural controlproblems for seismic-and wind-excited structures[J].J.Eng.Mech,ASCE,2004,130(4):363—365.
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