单轴压缩下预制2条贯通裂隙类岩材料断裂行为
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摘要
在伺服控制单轴加载试验机上,对采用养护前期拔出预埋插片方式制作的含2条贯通裂隙类岩石试件进行压缩试验;基于滑动裂纹模型理论,并结合试件破坏全应力-应变曲线和贯通破坏面颗粒体破坏形态分析裂隙试件断裂破坏机理。滑动裂纹模型表明:驱动裂纹相对错动的有效剪力是裂隙倾角α和裂隙面摩擦因数f的函数。试验中发现:裂隙试件发生破坏时,依据裂隙倾角和岩桥倾角的不同,将会出现单裂隙微裂纹贯通破坏、预制裂隙贯通破坏和无微裂纹发育的脆性破坏;根据裂隙试件岩桥区受力特征的不同,预制裂隙发生贯通破坏时,将呈现拉伸破坏、剪切破坏和拉剪复合破坏3种模式,岩桥区贯通面上颗粒体破坏形态随之依次呈现无摩擦、完全摩擦和部分摩擦痕迹。
The compression test on rock-like specimens with two prefabricated transfixion fissures made by pulling out the embedded metal inserts in the precured period was done using the servo control uniaxial loading tester.Based on the sliding crack model,the fracture failure mechanism of the fissure body was analyzed combined with the stress-strain curve and the failure form of granule on the transfixion surface of the specimen.It was shown by the sliding crack model that: the effective shear,which drove the relative sliding,was a function of the fissure inclination angle() and friction coefficient(f) of the fissure surface.It was found during the test that: when the fracture failure of specimens occurred,according to the differences of the fissure and rock-bridge inclination angle,the transfixion failure of micro-cracks at the tip of the signal fissure,the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures and the brittle failure without micro-cracks would appear in turn on specimens;and according to the differences of the stress characteristics in the rock-bridge region,when the transfixion failure of fissures occurred,three forms would be shown: tension fracture,shear fracture and tension-shear combined fracture,and the failure forms of the granule on the transfixion surface in the rock-bridge region would present zero-friction,entire-friction and partial friction,respectively.
The compression test on rock-like specimens with two prefabricated transfixion fissures made by pulling out the embedded metal inserts in the precured period was done using the servo control uniaxial loading tester.Based on the sliding crack model,the fracture failure mechanism of the fissure body was analyzed combined with the stress-strain curve and the failure form of granule on the transfixion surface of the specimen.It was shown by the sliding crack model that: the effective shear,which drove the relative sliding,was a function of the fissure inclination angle() and friction coefficient(f) of the fissure surface.It was found during the test that: when the fracture failure of specimens occurred,according to the differences of the fissure and rock-bridge inclination angle,the transfixion failure of micro-cracks at the tip of the signal fissure,the transfixion failure of the prefabricated fissures and the brittle failure without micro-cracks would appear in turn on specimens;and according to the differences of the stress characteristics in the rock-bridge region,when the transfixion failure of fissures occurred,three forms would be shown: tension fracture,shear fracture and tension-shear combined fracture,and the failure forms of the granule on the transfixion surface in the rock-bridge region would present zero-friction,entire-friction and partial friction,respectively.
引文
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[18]朱万成,黄明利,唐春安.混凝土试件裂纹扩展及破坏过程的计算机模拟[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2000,19(3):271-274.ZHU Wan-cheng,HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an.Computer simulation on cracks propagation and failure process of concrete specimen[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2000,19(3):271-274.
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[20]范天佑.断裂理论基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:25-40.FAN Tian-you.Basic of fracture theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:25-40.
[21]周群力,佘泳琼,王良之.岩石压剪断裂核的试验研究[J].固体力学学报,1991,12(4):329-336.ZHOU Qun-li,SHE Yong-qiong,WANG Liang-zhi.Experimental study to the compression shear fracture nucleus of rock[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,1991,12(4):329-336.
[2]蒲成志,曹平,赵延林,等.单轴压缩下多裂隙类岩石材料强度试验与数值分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(11):3661-3666.PU Cheng-zhi,CAO Ping,ZHAO Yan-lin,et al.The numerical analysis and strength experiment of rock-like material with multi-fissures under uniaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(11):3661-3666.
[3]郭志.实用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996:80-85.GUO Zhi.The utility of rock mechanics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1996:80-85.
[4]关宝树,熊火耀,翁汉民.裂隙岩体强度的试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1982,17(1):12-23.GUAN Bao-shu,XIONG Huo-yao,WENG Han-min.The experimental study of the strength of jointed rock mass[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1982,17(1):12-23.
[5]黄明利,唐春安,朱万成.岩石单轴压缩下破坏失稳过程SEM即时研究[J].东北大学学报,1999,20(4):426-429.HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an,ZHU Wan-cheng.Real time SEM study on rock failure instability under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Northeastern University,1999,20(4):426-429.
[6]张平,李宁,贺若兰,等.动载下2条断续预制裂隙贯通机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(6):1210-1217.ZHANG Ping,LI Ning,HE Ruo-lan,et al.Mechanism of fracture coalescence between two pre-existing flaws under dynamic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(6):1210-1217.
[7]张平.裂隙介质静动应力条件下的破坏模式与局部化渐进破损模型研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2004:55-60.ZHANG Ping.Research on the failure patterns and localized progressive failure models of the cracked media under static and dynamic stress condition[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology,2004:55-60.
[8]Wong R H C,Chau K T.Crack coalescence in a rock-like material containing two cracks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(2):147-164.
[9]Bobet A,Einstein H H.Fracture coalescence in rock-type materials under uniaxial and biaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):863-888.
[10]张平,贺若兰,李宁,等.不同应变速率下非贯通裂隙介质的单轴抗压强度分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):2735-2742.ZHANG Ping,HE Ruo-lan,LI Ning,et al.Uniaxial compressive strength analysis of fractured media containing intermittent fractures at different strain rates[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):2735-2742.
[11]唐春安,刘红元,秦四清,等.非均匀性对岩石介质中裂纹扩展模式的影响[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):116-121.TANG Chun-an,LIU Hong-yuan,QIN Si-qinig,et al.Influence of heterogeneity on crack propagation modes in brittle rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(1):116-121.
[12]黄明利,唐春安,梁正召.岩石裂纹相互作用的应力场分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,22(4):446-449.HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an,LIANG Zheng-chao.Stress field analysis of interaction of rock cracks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,22(4):446-449.
[13]黎立云,许凤光,高峰,等.岩桥贯通机理的断裂力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4328-4334.LI Li-yun,XU Feng-guang,GAO Feng,et al.Fracture mechanics analysis of rock bridge failure mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(23):4328-4334.
[14]黄明利,唐春安,朱万成.非均匀岩桥对裂纹扩展贯通机制影响的数值分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2000,19(1):20-24.HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an,ZHU Wan-cheng.Numerical simulation of the influence of heterogeneous rock bridge on the propagation and coalescence mechanism of cracks[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2000,19(1):20-24.
[15]黄明利.非均匀岩石裂纹扩展机制的数值分析[J].青岛理工大学学报,2006,27(4):34-37.HUANG Ming-li.Numerical studies of influence of heterogeneity on rock failure with pre-existing crack in uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Qingdao Technological University,2006,27(4):34-37.
[16]王元汉,徐钺,谭国焕,等.岩体断裂的破坏机理与计算模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(4):449-452.WANG Yuan-han,XU Yue,TAN Guo-huan,et al.Fracture mechanism and calculation of rock fracture[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):449-452.
[17]黄明利,唐春安,朱万成.岩石破裂过程的数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(4):468-471.HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an,ZHU Wan-cheng.Numerical simulation on failure process of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):468-471.
[18]朱万成,黄明利,唐春安.混凝土试件裂纹扩展及破坏过程的计算机模拟[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2000,19(3):271-274.ZHU Wan-cheng,HUANG Ming-li,TANG Chun-an.Computer simulation on cracks propagation and failure process of concrete specimen[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2000,19(3):271-274.
[19]于骁中,谯常析,周群力.岩石和混凝土断裂力学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1991:10-35.YU Xiao-zhong,QIAO Chang-xi,ZHOU Qun-li.Rock and concrete fracture mechanics[M].Changsha:Central South University of Technology Press,1991:10-35.
[20]范天佑.断裂理论基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:25-40.FAN Tian-you.Basic of fracture theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:25-40.
[21]周群力,佘泳琼,王良之.岩石压剪断裂核的试验研究[J].固体力学学报,1991,12(4):329-336.ZHOU Qun-li,SHE Yong-qiong,WANG Liang-zhi.Experimental study to the compression shear fracture nucleus of rock[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,1991,12(4):329-336.
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