西南某地岩石蚀变机制及工程地质特性
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摘要
针对制约我国西南地区工程活动的蚀变岩问题,通过对蚀变岩的发育地质环境分析,在结合区域地质条件的基础上探讨蚀变岩成因及演化过程。X线衍射和热分析结果表明:蚀变岩是在特定的地质条件下形成的,其矿物组成大多是长石蚀变后的蒙脱石,其具有较强的吸水膨胀特点。对该地水利工程建设来说,蚀变岩对工程地质特性的影响主要体现在力学强度的改变、变形特性和水文地质条件的劣化。
Altered rock is one of important geological flaws,and analysis on the formation mechanism and physical and mechanical characteristics of altered rock,which can offer reliable evidence to constructions of projects.Taking a hydropower station for example,engineering geological properties of altered rock were analyzed in detail.The result shows that altered rock in southwest China is formed under specific geologic conditions.Based on genesis mechanism and engineering characteristics analysis,the influences of the altered rock are discussed and the main problems which should be studied further are put forward.
Altered rock is one of important geological flaws,and analysis on the formation mechanism and physical and mechanical characteristics of altered rock,which can offer reliable evidence to constructions of projects.Taking a hydropower station for example,engineering geological properties of altered rock were analyzed in detail.The result shows that altered rock in southwest China is formed under specific geologic conditions.Based on genesis mechanism and engineering characteristics analysis,the influences of the altered rock are discussed and the main problems which should be studied further are put forward.
引文
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[17]王幼麟,蒋顺清.葛洲坝工程某些粉砂岩软化和崩解的微观特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1990,9(1):48-57.WANG You-lin,JIANG Shun-qing.A study on mechanism ofsoftening and slaking of some siltstones in the foundation of GeZhou Ba project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,1990,9(1):48-57.
[18]刘长武,陆士良.泥岩遇水崩解软化机理的研究[J].岩土力学,2000,21(1):28-31.LIU Chang-wu,LU Shi-liang.Research on mechanism ofmudstone degradation and softening in water[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2000,21(1):28-31.
[19]谭罗荣.关于粘土岩崩解、泥化机理的讨论[J].岩土力学,2001,22(1):1-5.TAN Luo-rong.Discussion on mechanism of disintegration andargillitization of clay-rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(1):1-5.
[2]覃礼貌,许模.西南某水电站坝区岩体绿泥石化蚀变及其工程对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(1):68-72.QIN Li-mao,XU Mo.Chloritized alteration rock mass and theengineering countermeasures in a hydropower station dam site insouthwest China[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazardand Control,2007,18(1):68-72.
[3]孟国涛,徐卫亚,杨圣奇,等.某水电站坝基G23挤压蚀变破碎带成因及工程性质分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1691-1696.MENG Guo-ato,XU Wei-ya,YANG Sheng-qi,et al.Genesismechanism and engineering characteristics analysis of G23mylonitization and fractured belt in dam foundation of ahydropower station[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1691-1696.
[4]张辅纲,涂希贤.粘土化蚀变花岗岩的工程地质特性[J].广东地质,1994,9(3):25-34.ZHANG Fu-gang,TU Xi-xian.Engineering geologicalcharacteristics of clay alteration granite[J].Guangdong Geology,1994,9(3):25-34.
[5]杨根兰,黄润秋,王奖臻,等.某工程蚀变岩孔隙特征及其软弱程度研究[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(4):111-115.YANG Gen-lan,HUANG Run-qiu,WANG Jiang-zhen,et al.Study on the pore characteristics and the weakness ofaltered-rock for a prohect[J].Journal of Mineral Petrol,2006,26(4):111-115.
[6]曲永新.地下工程建设中潜在膨胀性岩体的工程地质问题[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:89-100.QU Yong-xin.The engineering geological problems of swellingrock in underground construction[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985:89-100.
[7]曲永新.软岩与软弱夹层[M].北京:地质出版社,2004:157-170.QU Yong-xin.Soft rock and soft sandwich[M].Beijing:Geological Press,2004:157-170.
[8]曲永新,徐晓岚,吴芝兰,等.中国东部泥质岩成岩胶结作用的工程地质研究[C]//中国科学院地质研究所工程地质力学开放实验室1991年报,北京:地震出版社,1992:1-18.QU Yong-xin,XU Xiao-lan,WU Zhi-lan,et al.Engineeringgeological research on cementation of mud-rock from easternchina[C]//Annual Report 1991 of Engineering GeomechanicsLaboratory Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:1-18.
[9]秦克章,李光明,赵俊兴,等.西藏首例独立钼矿——冈底斯沙让大型斑岩钼矿的发现及其意义[J].中国地质,2008,35(6):1101-1112.QIN Ke-zhang,LI Guang-ming,ZHAO Jun-xing,et al.Discovery of sharing large-scale porphyry molybdenumdesposite:The first single Mo desposite in Tibet and itssignificance[J].Geology in China,2008,35(6):1101-1112.
[10]李光明,李金祥,秦克章,等.西藏班公湖带多不杂超大型富金斑岩铜矿的高温高盐高氧化成矿流体:流体包裹体证据[J].岩石学报,2007,23(5):935-952.LI Guang-ming,LI Jin-xiang,QIN Ke-zhang,et al.Hightemperature,salinity and strong oxidation ore-forming fluid atDuobuza gold-rich porphyry copper desposite in the Bangonghutectonic belt,Tibet:evidence from fluid inclusions[J].ActaPetrologica Sinica,2007,23(5):935-952.
[11]翟裕生,邓军,李晓波.区域成矿学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:2-10.ZHAI Yu-sheng,DENG Jun,LI Xiao-bo.Regionalmetallogeny[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1999:2-10.
[12]叶同庆.怒江、澜沧江、金沙江地区铅锌矿床特征和成矿系列[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1991:1-8.YE Tong-qing.Research on the characteristics of Pb-Zn mineore and the metallogenesis system in Nujiang-Lancangjiang-Jinshajiang region[M].Beijing:Beijing Press of Science andTechnology,1991:1-8.
[13]Imai A.Evolution of hydrothermal system at the dizon porhyryCu-Au deposi,philippines[J].Resource Geology,2005,55:73-90.
[14]Heithersay P S,Walshe J L.Eandeavour 26 north:A porphyrycopper-gold deposit in the late Ordovican shoshoniticGoonumbla volcanic complex,New south wales,Australia[J].Economic Geology,1995,90:1506-1532.
[15]Loucks R R,Mavrogenes J A.Glod slubility in supercriticalhydrothermal brines measured in synthetic fluids inclusions[J].Science,1999,284:2159-2163.
[16]Hou Z Q,Cao Y F,Qu X M,et al.Origin of adakitic intrusivesgenerated during mid-Miocene East-west extension in southernTibet[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2004,220:139-155.
[17]王幼麟,蒋顺清.葛洲坝工程某些粉砂岩软化和崩解的微观特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1990,9(1):48-57.WANG You-lin,JIANG Shun-qing.A study on mechanism ofsoftening and slaking of some siltstones in the foundation of GeZhou Ba project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,1990,9(1):48-57.
[18]刘长武,陆士良.泥岩遇水崩解软化机理的研究[J].岩土力学,2000,21(1):28-31.LIU Chang-wu,LU Shi-liang.Research on mechanism ofmudstone degradation and softening in water[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2000,21(1):28-31.
[19]谭罗荣.关于粘土岩崩解、泥化机理的讨论[J].岩土力学,2001,22(1):1-5.TAN Luo-rong.Discussion on mechanism of disintegration andargillitization of clay-rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2001,22(1):1-5.
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