红透山铜矿微震监测系统的建立及应用研究
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摘要
针对红透山铜矿岩爆等地压灾害频发现状,建立深部地压微震监测系统,对微震活动性与采矿活动之间的关系、微震事件的空间活动规律进行了分析,并采用累积视体积和能量指数对大尺度岩体破裂进行了预测研究。采用人工定位爆破的定位结果表明:微震监测系统的定位误差小于10 m,能够满足矿山微震监测的需要。微震活动性主要分为2个平静期和3个活跃期。并呈现逐步下降趋势,微震活动性呈现主震——余震型模式。大尺度岩体破裂前存在孕育期和预警期,能量指数快速下降,累积视体积持续增长,可以看作岩爆和大尺度岩体破裂发生的前兆。通过能量指数和位移分布云图,可以对岩体发生灾害的潜在危险区域进行判断,指导矿山进行重点防护管理,保证安全生产。
In this paper,in view of the serious conditions of ground pressure(rock burst,etc) appeared in Hongtoushan copper mine,we established a microseismic monitoring system in the mine,and analyzed the relationship between the microseismic activities and mining operation,and the spatial distribution of microseismic events,applied the energy index and apparent volume to forecast the occurrence of large scale rock fracturing.The location results using manual fixed-point blasting show that the location error of microseismic monitoring system is less than 10m,which suggests that the system can reach the requirement for ground pressure disaster monitoring in mine.Microseismic activities can be divided into two quiet periods and three active periods.There exits the incubation and early-warming periods before the large scale rock fracturing.The quick drop of energy index and the continuous increase of apparent volume can be used as the precursory characteristics of rock burst and large scale rock fracturing.Through the cloud charts of energy index and displacement,the potential danger areas of ground pressure disasters can be judged,which can be used to guide the safety management and ensure safety production in deep mine.
In this paper,in view of the serious conditions of ground pressure(rock burst,etc) appeared in Hongtoushan copper mine,we established a microseismic monitoring system in the mine,and analyzed the relationship between the microseismic activities and mining operation,and the spatial distribution of microseismic events,applied the energy index and apparent volume to forecast the occurrence of large scale rock fracturing.The location results using manual fixed-point blasting show that the location error of microseismic monitoring system is less than 10m,which suggests that the system can reach the requirement for ground pressure disaster monitoring in mine.Microseismic activities can be divided into two quiet periods and three active periods.There exits the incubation and early-warming periods before the large scale rock fracturing.The quick drop of energy index and the continuous increase of apparent volume can be used as the precursory characteristics of rock burst and large scale rock fracturing.Through the cloud charts of energy index and displacement,the potential danger areas of ground pressure disasters can be judged,which can be used to guide the safety management and ensure safety production in deep mine.
引文
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[8]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,曾雄辉,等.深埋隧洞TBM掘金微震实时监测与特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):276-283.CHEN Bing-rui,FENG Xia-ting,ZENG Xiong-hui,etal.Real-time microseismic monitoring and itscharacteristic analysis during TMB tunneling inseep-buried tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):276-283.
[9]徐奴文,唐春安,沙椿,等.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡微震监测系统及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):915-924.XU Nu-wen,TANG Chun-an,SHA Chun,et al.Microseismic monitoring system establishment and itsengineering applications to left bank slope of Jinpin Ihydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29(5):915-924.
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[11]唐礼忠.深井矿山地震活动与岩爆监测及预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全学院,2008.
[12]MENDECKI A J.Real-time quantitative seismology inmines[C]//YOUNG R O.Proceedings of the 3thd InternationalSymposium on Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines.Rotterdam:A A Balkema,1993:261-266.
[2]李庶林,尹贤刚,郑文达,等.凡口铅锌矿多通道微震监测系统及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(12):2048-2053.LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,ZHENG Wen-da,et al.Reaearch of multi-channel microseismic monitoringsystem and its application to Fankou lead-zinc mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(12):2048-2053.
[3]姜福兴,叶根喜,王存文,等.高精度微震监测技术在煤矿突水监测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1932-1937.JIANG Fu-xing,YE Gen-xi,WANG Cun-wen,et al.Application of high-precision microseismic monitoringtechnique to water inrush monitoring in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(9):1932-1937.
[4]杨承祥,罗周全,唐礼忠.基于微震监测技术的深井开采地压活动规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):818-824.YANG Cheng-xiang,LUO Zhou-quan,TANG Li-zhong.Study on rule of geostatic activity based on microseismicmonitoring technique in deep mine[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(4):818-824.
[5]袁节平,胡静云,周爱民,等.柿竹园多通道微震监测系统的建立及应用研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2010,30(6):12-14.YUAN Jie-ping,HU Jing-yun,ZHOU Ai-min,etal.Implementation and application of multi-channelmicroseismic monitoring system in Shizhuyuan mine[J].Mining Research and Develop,2010,30(6):12-14.
[6]刘晓辉,吴爱祥,王春来,等.云南会泽铅锌矿微震监测系统应用研究[J].金属矿山,2010(1):151-154.LIU Xiao-hui,WU Ai-xiang,WANG Chun-lai,et al.Research on application of the microseismic monitoringsystem in Yunnan Huize lead-zinc mine[J].Metal Mine,2010(1):151-154.
[7]张省军.高渗压注浆堵水帷幕稳定性及监测方法研究[D].沈阳:东北大学资源与土木工程学院,2008.
[8]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,曾雄辉,等.深埋隧洞TBM掘金微震实时监测与特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):276-283.CHEN Bing-rui,FENG Xia-ting,ZENG Xiong-hui,etal.Real-time microseismic monitoring and itscharacteristic analysis during TMB tunneling inseep-buried tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):276-283.
[9]徐奴文,唐春安,沙椿,等.锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡微震监测系统及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):915-924.XU Nu-wen,TANG Chun-an,SHA Chun,et al.Microseismic monitoring system establishment and itsengineering applications to left bank slope of Jinpin Ihydropower station[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29(5):915-924.
[10]杨志国,于润仓,郭然.深井矿山微震事件波形研究[J].中国工程科学,2008,10(8):69-72.YANG Zhi-guo,YU Run-cang,GUO Ran.Research ofseismic events waveform in deep copper mine[J].ChinaEngineering Sciences,2008,10(8):69-72.
[11]唐礼忠.深井矿山地震活动与岩爆监测及预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全学院,2008.
[12]MENDECKI A J.Real-time quantitative seismology inmines[C]//YOUNG R O.Proceedings of the 3thd InternationalSymposium on Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines.Rotterdam:A A Balkema,1993:261-266.
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