冲击载荷下岩石压胀对其性质的影响
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摘要
采用落锤动态加载岩石实验系统,通过调节落锤质量、下落距离及活塞杆垫板材料,记录岩石瞬间形成冲击压力脉冲,研究压胀对不同岩石性质影响的规律。实验结果表明,压胀产生后岩石的性质发生了改变,岩石的渗透率有不同程度的增加,且岩石越致密,渗透率增加倍数越大;岩石的弹性模量和弹性极限随岩石体积的增加而降低;压胀产生后纵波和横波在岩石中的传播速度减小,岩样内部产生了微裂纹或原有微裂纹延伸扩展造成孔隙度增加。
Drop-hammer load experiments were performed on different rock samples.By changing the drop hammer weight,drop height and piston rod spacer material,transient shock pressure pulses in the rock samples were recorded by the pressure gauges.Experimental results indicate that the properties of the rocks undergo the following changes induced by dilatancy:(1)the permeability of the rocks increases in varying degrees,and the denser the rock is,the greater the increase multiple of the permeability is;(2)the elastic modulus and elastic limit decrease with the increase of rock volume;(3)the propagation velocities of longitudinal and transverse waves decrease in the rocks;(4)the porosities in the rocks increase due to the extension of the new-produced or inherent micro-cracks in the rocks.
Drop-hammer load experiments were performed on different rock samples.By changing the drop hammer weight,drop height and piston rod spacer material,transient shock pressure pulses in the rock samples were recorded by the pressure gauges.Experimental results indicate that the properties of the rocks undergo the following changes induced by dilatancy:(1)the permeability of the rocks increases in varying degrees,and the denser the rock is,the greater the increase multiple of the permeability is;(2)the elastic modulus and elastic limit decrease with the increase of rock volume;(3)the propagation velocities of longitudinal and transverse waves decrease in the rocks;(4)the porosities in the rocks increase due to the extension of the new-produced or inherent micro-cracks in the rocks.
引文
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[2]陈宗基,石泽全,于智海,等.用8000kN多功能三轴仪测量脆性岩石的扩容、蠕变及松弛[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1989(2):97-118.CHEN Zong-ji,SHI Ze-quan,YU Zhi-hai,et al.Multi-axis measured with 8000kN brittle rock expansion,creepand relaxation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1989(2):97-118.
[3]田和金,薛中天,张杰,等.“压胀松动”增产技术现场试验研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2000,22(2):46-50.TIAN He-jin,XUE Zhong-tian,ZHANG Jie,et al.Stimulation technique of“loosening rock by the dilatancy ofexplosive waves”field test research[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2000,22(2):46-50.
[4]张杰,田和金,王爱华,等.子长油矿4207裸眼井“压胀松动”增产技术现场试验[J].西安石油学院学报,2000,15(1):21-22.ZHANG Jie,TIAN He-jin,WANG Ai-hua,et al.Field test of“loosening rock by the dilatancy of explosivewaves”in the open hole well 4207in Zichang oil field[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute,2000,15(1):21-22.
[5]王爱华,田和金,张杰,等.套管井“压胀松动”增产技术现场试验研究[J].西安石油学院学报,2000,15(1):17-19.WANG Ai-hua,TIAN He-jin,ZHANG Jie,et al.Field test of“loosening rock by the dilatancy of explosivewaves”in the casing well 4242in Zichang oil field[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute,2000,15(1):17-19.
[6]张杰,廖红伟,薛中天,等.“压胀松动”增产技术[J].天然气工业,2006,26(8):107-109.ZHANG Jie,LIAO Hong-wei,XUE Zhong-tian,et al.Stimulation technique of“loosening rock by the dilatancy ofexplosive waves[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(8):107-109.
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