软煤塑性流动状态下渗透特性的试验研究
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摘要
为研究软煤在塑性流动状态下的透水性能,对山西沁水盆地15#煤进行了较高围压下的应力-应变全程渗透特性试验,分析了塑性特征明显的软煤试件在进入塑性流动状态前后渗透性的变化特征。研究表明:单轴压缩强度为7.43MPa的软煤岩在6MPa围压下表现出较为明显的塑性;饱和浸水试样在相同围压下表现出更为明显的塑性流动特征;在该围压下,饱水试件在最初压缩时,随着原生裂隙的闭合,渗透率短暂降低;随着试件继续被压缩,试件产生新的裂隙,新裂隙与原生裂隙的贯通导致渗透率急剧增高;当试件进入塑性流动状态时,在围压作用下,已有裂隙压密闭和,新生裂隙的扩展和张开受到限制,软煤的渗透率将大幅度降低。
In order to study the permeability of soft coal at plastic-flow state,the full stress-strain process permeability for 15# coal of Qinshui Basin,Shanxi Province with a relatively high pressure of surrounding strata was tested,and the variation characteristics of permeability of soft coal specimens with obvious plastic characteristics before and after coming into the state of plastic flow were analyzed.Studies showed that the soft coal specimen with the uniaxial compressive strength of 7.43 MPa had relatively obvious plastic characteristics at the pressure of surrounding rock of 6 MPa.Saturated and soaking specimens had more obvious plastic flow characteristics at the same pressure of surrounding rock,and under this condition of pressure of surrounding rock,specimens were compressed initially,then permeability decreased transiently,along with the closing of existing fissures.With the specimens compressed conti-nuingly,new fissures were produced and the transfixion between existing fissures and new fissures led to sharp increase of permeability.When specimens come into the state of plastic-flow,existing fissures were compressed and closed,extension and opening width of new fissures were limited by pressure of surrounding strata,the permeability of soft coal would be greatly reduced.
In order to study the permeability of soft coal at plastic-flow state,the full stress-strain process permeability for 15# coal of Qinshui Basin,Shanxi Province with a relatively high pressure of surrounding strata was tested,and the variation characteristics of permeability of soft coal specimens with obvious plastic characteristics before and after coming into the state of plastic flow were analyzed.Studies showed that the soft coal specimen with the uniaxial compressive strength of 7.43 MPa had relatively obvious plastic characteristics at the pressure of surrounding rock of 6 MPa.Saturated and soaking specimens had more obvious plastic flow characteristics at the same pressure of surrounding rock,and under this condition of pressure of surrounding rock,specimens were compressed initially,then permeability decreased transiently,along with the closing of existing fissures.With the specimens compressed conti-nuingly,new fissures were produced and the transfixion between existing fissures and new fissures led to sharp increase of permeability.When specimens come into the state of plastic-flow,existing fissures were compressed and closed,extension and opening width of new fissures were limited by pressure of surrounding strata,the permeability of soft coal would be greatly reduced.
引文
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[16]李玉寿,马占国,贺耀龙,等.煤系地层岩石渗透特性试验研究[J].实验力学,2006,12(2):129-134.LI Yushou,MA Zhanguo,HE Yaolong,et al.Experimental research on permeability of rocks of coal-bearing strata[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2006,12(2):129-134.
[17]杨永杰,逄焕东.煤岩强度特征及煤矿采场覆岩破坏微地震监测[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006:1-19.
[2]李长洪,张立新,姚作强,等.两种岩石的不同类型渗透特性实验及其机理分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(2):158-163.LI Changhong,ZHANG Lixin,YAO Zuoqiang,et al.Permeability characteristics experiment and itsmechanism analysis of two types of rocks[J].Journal of University of Science and Technoogy Beijing,2010,32(2):158-163.
[3]杨永杰,楚俊,郇冬至,等.煤岩固液耦合应变-渗透率实验[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(7):760-764.YANG Yongjie,CHU Jun,HUAN Dongzhi,et al.Experimental of coal's strain-permeability rate under solid and liquid cou-pling condition[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(7):760-764.
[4]左如松,朱岩华,姜振泉.岩石临界抗渗强度的测定及在工程中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(6):38-41.ZUO Rusong,ZHU Yanhua,JIANG Zhenquan.The acquisition of critical anti-permeability strength of rock and its applica-tion in engineering[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2002,30(6):38-41.
[5]李先炜.岩块力学性质[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1982:1-16.
[6]ZHU W L,LAURENT G.,WONG T F.Shear-enhanced compaction and permeability reduction:Triaxial extension tests on porous sandstone[J].Mechanics of Materials,1997:199-214.
[7]WANG J A,PARK H D.Fluid permeability of sedimentary rocks in a complete stress-strain process[J].Engineering Geolo-gy,2002,63(3-4):291-300.
[8]姜振泉,季梁军,左如松,等.岩石在伺服条件下的渗透性与应变、应力的关联性特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,12(10):1442-1446.JIANG Zhenquan,JI Liangjun,ZUO Rusong,et al.Correlativity among rock permeability and strain-stress under servo-con-trol condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,12(10):1442-1446.
[9]王金安,彭苏萍,孟召平.岩石三轴全应力应变过程中的渗透规律[J].北京科技大学学报,2001,32(6):489-491.WANG Jinan,PENG Suping,MENG Zhaoping.Permeability rule in full strain-stress process of rock under triaxial compres-sion[J].Journal of University of Science and Technoogy Beijing,2001,32(6):489-491.
[10]夏筱红,杨伟峰,崔道伟,等.采场底板岩石渗透性试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2006,33(3):20-22.XIA Xiaohong,YANG Weifeng,CUI Daowei,et al.Test study on penetrability of floor rock in stope[J].Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2006,33(3):20-22.
[11]KAWAI Y,NAKASHIMA S,KISHIDA K.Experimental study on the permeability of soft rock during the triaxial shear process[C]//The42nd U.S.Rock Mechanics Symposium.San Francisco,June29-July2,2008:8-25.
[12]DURUCAN S,EDWARDS J S.The effects of stress and fracturing on permeability of coal[J].Mining Science and Tech-nology,1986,3(3):205-216.
[13]杨永杰,宋扬,陈绍杰.煤岩全应力应变过程渗透率特征试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,82(2):381-385.YANG Yongjie,SONG Yang,CHEN Shaojie.Test study on permeability properties of coal specimen in complete stress-strain process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,82(2):381-385.
[14]姜振泉,季梁军.岩石全应力-应变过程渗透性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,32(2):153-156.JIANG Zhenquan,JI Liangjun.The laboratory study on behavior of permeability of rock along the complete stress-strain path[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,32(2):153-156.
[15]李法柱.济北矿区深部开采底板水害防治关键技术研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2008:6-11.
[16]李玉寿,马占国,贺耀龙,等.煤系地层岩石渗透特性试验研究[J].实验力学,2006,12(2):129-134.LI Yushou,MA Zhanguo,HE Yaolong,et al.Experimental research on permeability of rocks of coal-bearing strata[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2006,12(2):129-134.
[17]杨永杰,逄焕东.煤岩强度特征及煤矿采场覆岩破坏微地震监测[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2006:1-19.
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