天然气水合物储层地震反射相干分析研究
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摘要
以实际水合物存在的美国布莱克海台地震数据为例,利用地震剖面中四个层位(海底层、水合物顶层,水合物层和游离气层)地震数据,通过相干技术研究了四个层位地震波同相轴的连续性。结果表明:在同一层位中,随着时窗宽度的增大,所有时窗相干值的均值都逐渐减小;在相同时窗宽度下,相干程度最好的为海底层,其次为水合物层、水合物顶层及游离气层。由此,通过对比各层位的相干值,可以指示天然气水合物的存在,这为水合物识别及其开采提供了有价值的参考。
The seismic data of the actual hydrate existence in American Blake Ridge was taken as an example.Seismic data in the four layers,namely the sea bottom layer,the top layer of hydrate,the hydrate layer and the free gas layer in seismic sections was used to conduct the coherence analysis research by the coherence technology.The results showed that in the same layer,the mean coherence value of all time windows gradually decreased with the increase of the width of the time window;in the same time window width,the best coherence degree was the sea bottom layer,followed by the hydrate layer,the top layer of hydrate and the free gas layer.Therefore,the existence of gas hydrate was indicated by comparing the coherence value of every layer,offering a valuable reference for the hydrate recognition and exploitation.
The seismic data of the actual hydrate existence in American Blake Ridge was taken as an example.Seismic data in the four layers,namely the sea bottom layer,the top layer of hydrate,the hydrate layer and the free gas layer in seismic sections was used to conduct the coherence analysis research by the coherence technology.The results showed that in the same layer,the mean coherence value of all time windows gradually decreased with the increase of the width of the time window;in the same time window width,the best coherence degree was the sea bottom layer,followed by the hydrate layer,the top layer of hydrate and the free gas layer.Therefore,the existence of gas hydrate was indicated by comparing the coherence value of every layer,offering a valuable reference for the hydrate recognition and exploitation.
引文
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[18]ODP Leg164Shipboard Scientific Party.Methane gas hydrate drilled at Blake Ridge[J].Eos Transactions,American Geophysical Union,1996,77(23):219.
[2]刘学伟,李敏锋.张聿文天然气水合物地震响应研究——中国南海HD152测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):33-38.
[3]胡中平,孙建国,赵群.利用地震方法识别天然气水合物[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):23-26.
[4]李敏锋,李灿苹,刘学伟,等.基于连续小波变换的天然气水合物层地震数据多尺度分析——布莱克海台USGS9521测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):109-114.
[5]赵胜玉.中国在南海北部成功钻获天然气水合物“可燃冰”[EB/OL].(2007-06-05)[2009-06-10].http://www.sina.com.cn
[6]李敏锋,刘学伟,白杰,等.天然气水合物层和游离气层的地震反演识别——布莱克海台USGS9521测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2007,21(1):105-110.
[7]刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-244.
[8]凌云项目组.基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):642-653.
[9]郭栋,韩文功.高分辨率地震资料综合解释技术及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):290-296.
[10]王西文,杨孔庆,刘全新,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,45(6):847-852.
[11]张振波.利用相干分析技术判断断层和地层特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):229-233.
[12]Bahorich M,Farmer S.3-D Seismic Discontinuity for Faults and Stratigraphic Features:The Coherence Cube[J].The leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
[13]Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer SL,et al.3-D Seismic Attributes Using a Semblance-Based Coherency Algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[14]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt KJ.Eigenstructure-based Coherence Computations as an Aid to3-D Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[15]王大伟,刘震,陈小宏,等.地震相干技术的进展及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(2):71-76.
[16]王从镔,龚洪林,许多年,等.高分辨率相干体分析技术及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1575-1578.
[17]Shaoming Lu,George A Mcmechan.Elastic impedance inversion of multichannel seismic data from unconsolidated sediments containing gas hydrate and free gas[J].Geophysics,2004,69(1):164-179.
[18]ODP Leg164Shipboard Scientific Party.Methane gas hydrate drilled at Blake Ridge[J].Eos Transactions,American Geophysical Union,1996,77(23):219.
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