粉煤灰-煤矸石基胶结充填材料制备与性能研究
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摘要
为了解决我国煤矿采空区地表沉陷以及"三下"压煤资源浪费的问题,提出以粉煤灰-水泥熟料-脱硫石膏复合胶凝材料为胶结材,原状粉煤灰为细骨料,破碎后的煤矸石为粗骨料制备新型煤矿开采胶结充填材料。依据正交试验结果和各因素影响规律趋势图,确定充填材料的优化配合比。研究结果表明,适当增大水泥熟料掺量可缩短材料初凝时间,减小水胶比能使材料强度显著提高,而材料坍落度可通过选取适宜的浆体中的固体质量分数和灰矸比来有效调节,当胶凝材料中水泥含量为15%,脱硫石膏含量为8%,水胶比为2,灰矸比为2∶3,浆体中的固体质量分数为70%时,充填材料性能可达到最佳。通过试验优选材料各项参数,工业废弃物可以用来制备高质量的胶结充填材料。
To solve problems of surface subsidence caused by mining of coal mine and waste of resources caused by unexploited coal under the surface construction,water body and railway,it was held by the authors that a new type of cemented filling material should be used,which was prepared from composite cementitious material composed of fly ash,cement and flue gas desulphurization gypsum as cementing material,raw fly ash as fine aggregates and coal gangue as coarse aggregates.In the light of the results of orthogonal experiment and tendency chart of influencing factor,optimized composition of the filling material was obtained.Results show that a increase in content of cement clinker can shorten setting time,decreasing water to binder ratio can enhance strength remarkably,that slump can be adjusted effectively through choosing suitable concentration and fly ash to coal gangue ratio,and that when content of cement clinker is 15%,content of flue gas desulphurization gypsum is 8%,water to binder ratio is 2,fly ash to coal gangue ratio is 2∶3 and the mass fraction of solids in paste is 70%,filling material has optimum performances,Industrial waste can be applied to prepare high-quality cemented filling material by optimization of parameters of material.
To solve problems of surface subsidence caused by mining of coal mine and waste of resources caused by unexploited coal under the surface construction,water body and railway,it was held by the authors that a new type of cemented filling material should be used,which was prepared from composite cementitious material composed of fly ash,cement and flue gas desulphurization gypsum as cementing material,raw fly ash as fine aggregates and coal gangue as coarse aggregates.In the light of the results of orthogonal experiment and tendency chart of influencing factor,optimized composition of the filling material was obtained.Results show that a increase in content of cement clinker can shorten setting time,decreasing water to binder ratio can enhance strength remarkably,that slump can be adjusted effectively through choosing suitable concentration and fly ash to coal gangue ratio,and that when content of cement clinker is 15%,content of flue gas desulphurization gypsum is 8%,water to binder ratio is 2,fly ash to coal gangue ratio is 2∶3 and the mass fraction of solids in paste is 70%,filling material has optimum performances,Industrial waste can be applied to prepare high-quality cemented filling material by optimization of parameters of material.
引文
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[10]栾晓风,潘志华,王冬冬.粉煤灰水泥体系中粉煤灰活性的化学激发[J].硅酸盐通报,2010,29(4):757-761.LUAN Xiao-feng,PAN Zhi-hua,WANG Dong-dong.Study on the chemical activation of fly ash in fly ash blended port-land cement system[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,29(4):757-761.
[11]谭平,王海云,刘家祥.电厂脱硫石膏粉在水泥基胶凝材料中的复合效应[J].非金属矿,2010,33(2):39-40.TAN Ping,WANG Hai-yun,LIU Jia-xiang.Hydrating and hardening mechanism of composite made from desulphurizationgypsum and cement[J].Non-Metallic Mines,2010,33(2):39-40.
[12]刘数华,冷发光,罗季英.建筑材料试验研究的数学方法[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:138-144.LIU Shu-hua,LENG Fa-guang,LUO Ji-ying.Mathematical Skills Applied in Experimental Researches into BuildingMaterials[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006:138-144.
[13]GB/T50081—2002,普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准[S].GB/T 50081-2002,Standard for Test Method of Mechanical Properties on Ordinary Concrete[S].
[14]GB/T50080—2002,普通混凝土拌合物性能试验方法标准[S].GB/T50080-2002,Standard for Test method of Performance on Ordinary Fresh Concrete[S].
[2]杨伦.矿山开采沉陷对环境的损害比地震严重[J].科技导报,2001,22(9):53-55.YANG Lun.The minimg subsidence destroys the environment of mine areas more seriously than earthquake[J].Scienceand Technology Review,2001,22(9):53-55.
[3]王丽丽.充填是追求梦想的过程[N].中国煤炭报,2012-05-11(3).WANG Li-li.Filling is process of the pursuit of dreams[N].China Coal News,2012-05-11(3).
[4]史俊伟,魏中举,刘庆龙,等.基于正交试验的煤矿安全开采充填材料配比优化研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(6):111-115.SHI Jun-wei,WEI Zhong-ju,LIU Qing-long,et al.Research on proportion optimizing of paste filling material based onorthogonal experiment in coal mine[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(6):111-115.
[5]刘晓玲,王新民,吴鹏.煤矸石似膏体快速充填试验研究[J].金属矿山,2011,46(6):6-8.LIU Xiao-ling,WANG Xin-min,WU Peng.Experimental research into rapid filling with paste-like coal gangue[J].MetalMine,2011,46(6):6-8.
[6]李建杰,丁全录.煤矸石作井下充填材料的研究[J].建井技术,2012,33(1):29-32.LI Jian-jie,DING Quan-lu.Research into filling material with coal gangue in coal mine[J].Mine Construction Technolo-gy,2012,33(1):29-32.
[7]崔增娣,孙恒虎.煤矸石凝石似膏体充填材料的制备及其性能[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):896-899.CUI Zeng-di,SUN Heng-hu.The preparation and properties of coal gangue based sialite paste-like back fill material[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):896-899.
[8]柯国军,杨晓峰,彭红,等.化学激发粉煤灰活性机理研究进展[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(3):366-370.KE Guo-jun,YANG Xiao-feng,PENG Hong,et al.Progress in research on chemical activating mechanisms of flyash[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(3):366-370.
[9]李响,阿茹罕,阎培渝.水泥-粉煤灰复合胶凝材料水化程度的研究[J].建筑材料学报,2010,13(5):584-588.LI Xiang,E Ru-han,YAN Pei-yu.Research on hydration degree of cement-fly ash complex binders[J].Journal of Build-ing Materials,2010,13(5):584-588.
[10]栾晓风,潘志华,王冬冬.粉煤灰水泥体系中粉煤灰活性的化学激发[J].硅酸盐通报,2010,29(4):757-761.LUAN Xiao-feng,PAN Zhi-hua,WANG Dong-dong.Study on the chemical activation of fly ash in fly ash blended port-land cement system[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2010,29(4):757-761.
[11]谭平,王海云,刘家祥.电厂脱硫石膏粉在水泥基胶凝材料中的复合效应[J].非金属矿,2010,33(2):39-40.TAN Ping,WANG Hai-yun,LIU Jia-xiang.Hydrating and hardening mechanism of composite made from desulphurizationgypsum and cement[J].Non-Metallic Mines,2010,33(2):39-40.
[12]刘数华,冷发光,罗季英.建筑材料试验研究的数学方法[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:138-144.LIU Shu-hua,LENG Fa-guang,LUO Ji-ying.Mathematical Skills Applied in Experimental Researches into BuildingMaterials[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006:138-144.
[13]GB/T50081—2002,普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准[S].GB/T 50081-2002,Standard for Test Method of Mechanical Properties on Ordinary Concrete[S].
[14]GB/T50080—2002,普通混凝土拌合物性能试验方法标准[S].GB/T50080-2002,Standard for Test method of Performance on Ordinary Fresh Concrete[S].
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