溪洛渡拱坝施工期岩体质量评价与大坝稳定分析
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摘要
以溪洛渡工程为例,通过施工期声波试验和变形监测手段,采用分区、分段、分层、分级对标验收评价思想,对溪洛渡拱坝建基面岩体质量进行重新评价验收。采用非线性有限元方法,对施工期典型阶段的大坝基础整体稳定工作状态进行三维数值精细模拟,分析结果与现场变形和压应力的监测值进行对比反馈,得到大坝施工期的整体稳定工作状态,预测大坝运行期的工作性态,从而指导大坝的现场施工。该岩体质量评价验收新思想对同类工程具有指导意义。
By employing wave velocity test and deformation monitoring method,the use of checking different standards according to different zones,sections,layers and classification of rock masses,a re-evaluation of rock mass quality is carried out during construction period.Based on the nonlinear finite element method,the overall stability of the typical stage of the construction period of dam is simulated.The real mechanical parameters of rock mass are obtained by feedback analysis based on the geophysical results and monitoring data of field deformation and stress.The numerical results reflect the working condition of the dam in construction and operation periods,and also guide the construction process.The conclusions from this study have been applied to the design of Xiluodu project and are also beneficial to the design and construction of the similar projects.
By employing wave velocity test and deformation monitoring method,the use of checking different standards according to different zones,sections,layers and classification of rock masses,a re-evaluation of rock mass quality is carried out during construction period.Based on the nonlinear finite element method,the overall stability of the typical stage of the construction period of dam is simulated.The real mechanical parameters of rock mass are obtained by feedback analysis based on the geophysical results and monitoring data of field deformation and stress.The numerical results reflect the working condition of the dam in construction and operation periods,and also guide the construction process.The conclusions from this study have been applied to the design of Xiluodu project and are also beneficial to the design and construction of the similar projects.
引文
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[3]American Society of Civil Engineers.Foundations for dams[C]//Asilomar Conference Grounds Pacific Grove.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1974:17-21.
[4]周维垣,林鹏,周雅能,等.高拱坝基础大垫座及周边缝设置研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):1959-1967.(ZHOUWeiyuan,LIN Peng,ZHOU Yaneng,et al.Research on concrete socketand peripheral joint for high arch dam foundation[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):1 959-1 967.(in Chinese))
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[8]林鹏,王仁坤,李庆斌,等.汶川8.0级地震对典型高坝结构安全的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1261-1269.(LIN Peng,WANG Renkun,LI Qingbin,et al.Effect analysis ofstructural safety of typical large dams from Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1 261-1 269.(in Chinese))
[9]王仁坤,林鹏,周维垣.复杂地基上高拱坝开裂与稳定研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):1951-1958.(WANGRenkun,LIN Peng,ZHOU Weiyuan.Cracking and stability problems of high archdams on complicated rock foundations[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):1 951-1 958.(in Chinese))
[10]LIN P,ZHOU W Y,YANG Q,et al.A new three-dimensional FEMmodel on arch dam cracking analysis[J].Key Engineering Materials,2004,261-263:1 569-1 574
[11]周维垣,林鹏,杨若琼,等.高拱坝地质力学模型试验方法与应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008:189-204.(ZHOUWeiyuan,LIN Peng,YANG Ruoqiong,et al.Method and applicationof geomechanics model test on high arch dam[M].Beijing:ChinaWater Power Press,2008:189-204.(in Chinese))
[12]陈磊,戴前伟,曾凡卿.大坝建基岩体物理探测方法应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(3):221-224.(CHEN Lei,DAI Qianwei,ZENG Fanqing.Apply physical testing method on rock mass of damfoundation[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2006,3(3):221-224.(in Chinese))
[13]董泽荣,赵华,姜云辉,等.拱坝坝基岩体全过程变形监测成果分析[C]//第十届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:科学出版社,2008:90-96.(DONG Zerong,ZHAO Hua,JIANGYunhui,et al.Analysis of result on deformation monitoring of archdam foundation rock mass[C]//The 10th National Conference ofRock Mechanics and Engineering.Beijing:Science Press,2008:90-96.(in Chinese))
[14]王仁坤,林鹏.溪洛渡拱坝建基面嵌深优化的分析与评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2010-2018.(WANGRenkun,LIN Peng.Analysis and evaluation of optimizing design forfoundation excavation of Xiluodu super-high arch dam[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):2 010-2 018.(in Chinese))
[15]周喜德.岩体中弹性波速度及其应用研究[J].贵州水力发电,1999,13(2):10-13.(ZHOU Xide.Study on velocity of elastic wavein rock and its application[J].Guizhou Water Power,1999,13(2):10-13.(in Chinese))
[16]中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院.金沙江溪洛渡水电站拱坝建基面工程地质条件[R].成都:中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,2009.(HydroChina Chengdu EngineeringCorporation.Engineering geo-condition of foundation interface ofXiluodu arch dam[R].Chengdu:HydroChina Chengdu EngineeringCorporation,2009.(in Chinese))
[17]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.SL326—2005水利水电工程物探规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.(The ProfessionalStandards Compilation Group of People S Republic of China.SL326—2005 Code for engineering geophysical exploration of waterresources and hydropower[S].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[18]李庆斌,林鹏,胡昱,等.金沙江溪洛渡水电站大坝基础整体工作状态分析[R].北京:清华大学,2011.(LI Qingbin,LINPeng,HU Yu,et al.Study on integral stability of dam and foundationof Xiluodu arch dam[R].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2011.(in Chinese))
[19]林鹏,王仁坤,周雅能,等.特高拱坝建基面浅层卸荷机制与稳定分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增):8-14.(LIN Peng,WANGRenkun,ZHOU Yaneng,et al.Study on shallow unloading mechanismand stability of foundation interface of super high arch dam[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2008,29(Supp.):8-14.(in Chinese))
[20]DEER D V,MILLER R P.Engineering classifications and indexproperties of intact rock[R].[S.l.]:[s.n.],1966.
[21]BIENIAWSKI Z T.Engineering rock mass classification:a completemanual for engineers and geologists in mining,civil,and petroleumengineers[M].New York:Wiley,1989:25-58.
[22]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50287—99水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社出,1999.(The NationalStandards Compilation Group of People S Republic of China.GB50287—99 Code for water resources and hydropower engineeringgeological investigation[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999.(inChinese))
[2]林鹏,王仁坤,康绳祖,等.特高拱坝基础破坏、加固与稳定关键问题研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):1945-1958.(LIN Peng,WANG Renkun,KANG Shengzu,et al.Study on keyproblems of foundation failure,reinforcement and stability for superhigh arch dams[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10),1 945-1 958.(in Chinese))
[3]American Society of Civil Engineers.Foundations for dams[C]//Asilomar Conference Grounds Pacific Grove.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1974:17-21.
[4]周维垣,林鹏,周雅能,等.高拱坝基础大垫座及周边缝设置研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):1959-1967.(ZHOUWeiyuan,LIN Peng,ZHOU Yaneng,et al.Research on concrete socketand peripheral joint for high arch dam foundation[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):1 959-1 967.(in Chinese))
[5]汝乃华,姜忠胜.大坝事故与安全:拱坝[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1995:314-327.(RU Naihua,JIANG Zhongsheng.Damfailure and safety:arch dam[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1995:314-327.(in Chinese))
[6]周维垣,林鹏,王仁坤,等.坝工岩石力学关键问题——非线性设计研究[C]//第九届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:科学出版社,2006:70-75.(ZHOU Weiyuan,LIN Peng,WANGRenkun,et al.Key problems of dam rock mechanics—study on nonlineardesign[C]//The 9th National Conference of Rock Mechanics andEngineering.Beijing:Science Press,2006:70-75.(in Chinese))
[7]李同春,王仁坤,游启升,等.高拱坝安全度评价方法研究[J].水利学报,2007,(增):78-83,105.(LI Tongchun,WANG Renkun,YOU Qisheng,et al.Study on safety evaluation methods for higharch dams[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,(Supp.):78-83,105.(in Chinese))
[8]林鹏,王仁坤,李庆斌,等.汶川8.0级地震对典型高坝结构安全的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1261-1269.(LIN Peng,WANG Renkun,LI Qingbin,et al.Effect analysis ofstructural safety of typical large dams from Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1 261-1 269.(in Chinese))
[9]王仁坤,林鹏,周维垣.复杂地基上高拱坝开裂与稳定研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):1951-1958.(WANGRenkun,LIN Peng,ZHOU Weiyuan.Cracking and stability problems of high archdams on complicated rock foundations[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):1 951-1 958.(in Chinese))
[10]LIN P,ZHOU W Y,YANG Q,et al.A new three-dimensional FEMmodel on arch dam cracking analysis[J].Key Engineering Materials,2004,261-263:1 569-1 574
[11]周维垣,林鹏,杨若琼,等.高拱坝地质力学模型试验方法与应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008:189-204.(ZHOUWeiyuan,LIN Peng,YANG Ruoqiong,et al.Method and applicationof geomechanics model test on high arch dam[M].Beijing:ChinaWater Power Press,2008:189-204.(in Chinese))
[12]陈磊,戴前伟,曾凡卿.大坝建基岩体物理探测方法应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(3):221-224.(CHEN Lei,DAI Qianwei,ZENG Fanqing.Apply physical testing method on rock mass of damfoundation[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2006,3(3):221-224.(in Chinese))
[13]董泽荣,赵华,姜云辉,等.拱坝坝基岩体全过程变形监测成果分析[C]//第十届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:科学出版社,2008:90-96.(DONG Zerong,ZHAO Hua,JIANGYunhui,et al.Analysis of result on deformation monitoring of archdam foundation rock mass[C]//The 10th National Conference ofRock Mechanics and Engineering.Beijing:Science Press,2008:90-96.(in Chinese))
[14]王仁坤,林鹏.溪洛渡拱坝建基面嵌深优化的分析与评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2010-2018.(WANGRenkun,LIN Peng.Analysis and evaluation of optimizing design forfoundation excavation of Xiluodu super-high arch dam[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(10):2 010-2 018.(in Chinese))
[15]周喜德.岩体中弹性波速度及其应用研究[J].贵州水力发电,1999,13(2):10-13.(ZHOU Xide.Study on velocity of elastic wavein rock and its application[J].Guizhou Water Power,1999,13(2):10-13.(in Chinese))
[16]中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院.金沙江溪洛渡水电站拱坝建基面工程地质条件[R].成都:中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,2009.(HydroChina Chengdu EngineeringCorporation.Engineering geo-condition of foundation interface ofXiluodu arch dam[R].Chengdu:HydroChina Chengdu EngineeringCorporation,2009.(in Chinese))
[17]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.SL326—2005水利水电工程物探规程[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.(The ProfessionalStandards Compilation Group of People S Republic of China.SL326—2005 Code for engineering geophysical exploration of waterresources and hydropower[S].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[18]李庆斌,林鹏,胡昱,等.金沙江溪洛渡水电站大坝基础整体工作状态分析[R].北京:清华大学,2011.(LI Qingbin,LINPeng,HU Yu,et al.Study on integral stability of dam and foundationof Xiluodu arch dam[R].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2011.(in Chinese))
[19]林鹏,王仁坤,周雅能,等.特高拱坝建基面浅层卸荷机制与稳定分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增):8-14.(LIN Peng,WANGRenkun,ZHOU Yaneng,et al.Study on shallow unloading mechanismand stability of foundation interface of super high arch dam[J].Rockand Soil Mechanics,2008,29(Supp.):8-14.(in Chinese))
[20]DEER D V,MILLER R P.Engineering classifications and indexproperties of intact rock[R].[S.l.]:[s.n.],1966.
[21]BIENIAWSKI Z T.Engineering rock mass classification:a completemanual for engineers and geologists in mining,civil,and petroleumengineers[M].New York:Wiley,1989:25-58.
[22]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50287—99水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社出,1999.(The NationalStandards Compilation Group of People S Republic of China.GB50287—99 Code for water resources and hydropower engineeringgeological investigation[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999.(inChinese))
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