浅埋深回采工作面冲击地压发生机理及防治
|
摘要
通过分析新疆某矿一段时间内现场矿压显现情况并结合实测微震和工作面支架压力数据,获得了冲击地压发生机理:坚硬厚层顶板是冲击地压发生的主要力源,采煤工艺影响和支架支护质量低导致顶板压力转移到工作面煤壁上,形成了煤体应力集中和弹性能量积聚,推进速度过快加剧了煤体应力和能量积聚程度,在煤体自身强冲击倾向性作用下导致冲击地压发生。据此提出冲击地压防治原则:避免坚硬厚层顶板的压力转移到煤壁上形成应力集中。具体方法为及时切断坚硬顶板,对煤体进行卸压爆破,并提高工作面支架初撑力。现场实践表明,防治效果明显。
After analyzing series monitoring data of micro-seismic and powered support pressure in Xinjiang,rock-burst mechanism was obtained.Thick and hard roof is main pressure source of rock-burst.Bad and delayed supporting make roof pressure transferred on coal-wall ahead of mining face.Thus,elastic energy and stress concentration formed,and fast mining speed aggravates energy and stress concentration degree.In this instance,rock-burst is inevitable because of strong burst liability of coal-seam.Based on this,rock-burst prevention principle was established that avoiding transferring hard and thick roof pressure to coal-wall.The prevention methods included broken blasting of hard roof,pressure-relief blasting of coal-body and increasing setting load of powered supports.The practice shows that prevention methods are effective.
After analyzing series monitoring data of micro-seismic and powered support pressure in Xinjiang,rock-burst mechanism was obtained.Thick and hard roof is main pressure source of rock-burst.Bad and delayed supporting make roof pressure transferred on coal-wall ahead of mining face.Thus,elastic energy and stress concentration formed,and fast mining speed aggravates energy and stress concentration degree.In this instance,rock-burst is inevitable because of strong burst liability of coal-seam.Based on this,rock-burst prevention principle was established that avoiding transferring hard and thick roof pressure to coal-wall.The prevention methods included broken blasting of hard roof,pressure-relief blasting of coal-body and increasing setting load of powered supports.The practice shows that prevention methods are effective.
引文
[1]齐庆新,窦林名.冲击地压理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
[2]蓝航,齐庆新,潘俊锋,等.我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.Lan Hang,Qi Qingxin,Pan Junfeng,et al.Analysis on features aswell as prevention and control technology of mine strata pressurebumping in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
[3]李玉生.冲击地压机理及其初步应用[J].中国矿业学院学报,1985(3):37-43.Li Yusheng.Preliminary application of rockburst mechanism[J].Journal of China Mining Institute,1985(3):37-43.
[4]王淑坤.冲击地压机理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(S):500-503.Wang Shukun.The mechanism of rockburst[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,1996,15(S):500-503.
[5]抚顺矿务局和阜新矿业学院冲击地压研究组.冲击地压机理的探讨[J].阜新矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1985(S):65-71.Rockburst Research Group of Fushun Mining Bureau and Fuxin Min-ing Institute.Discussion on rockburst mechanism[J].Journal of Fux-in Mining Institute(Natural Science),1985(S):65-71.
[6]赵毅鑫,姜耀东,张雨.冲击倾向性与煤体细观结构特征的相关规律[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(1):64-68.Zhao Yixin,Jiang Yaodong,Zhang Yu.The relationship betweenbump-prone properity and microstructure characteristics of coal[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(1):64-68.
[7]尹光志,代高飞,皮文丽,等.冲击地压的滑块模型研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):359-364.Yin Guangzhi,Dai Gaofei,Pi Wenli,et al.Study on rock burst usingstick slip model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(3):359-364.
[8]潘立友,王崇革,李兴伟.冲击地压的一维层裂模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(S):2054-2056.Pan Liyou,Wang Chongge,Li Xingwei.Lamination spallation modelof underground impact pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2002,21(S):2054-2056.
[9]刘建新,唐春安,朱万成,等.煤岩串联组合模型及冲击地压机理的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(2):276-280.Liu Jianxin,Tang Chun’an,Zhu Wancheng,et al.Rock-coal modelfor studying the rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2004,26(2):276-280.
[10]苗小虎,姜福兴,王存文,等.微地震监测揭示的矿震诱发冲击地压机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(6):971-975.Miao Xiaohu,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Cunwen,et al.Mechanism of mi-croseism-induced rockburst revealed by microseismic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(6):971-975.
[11]曹安业,范军,牟宗龙,等.矿震动载对围岩的冲击破坏效应[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):2006-2010.Cao Anye,Fan Jun,Mou Zonglong,et al.Burst failure effect of min-ing-induced tremor on roadway surrounding rock[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(12):2006-2010.
[12]李志华,窦林名,曹安业,等.采动影响下断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(S1):68-73.Li Zhihua,Dou Linming,Cao Anye,et al.Mechanism of fault slipinduced rockburst during mining[J].Journal of China Coal Socie-ty,2011,36(S1):68-73.
[13]王金安,焦申华,谢广祥.综放工作面开采速率对围岩应力环境影响的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(6):1118-1124.Wang Jin’an,Jiao Shenhua,Xie Guangxiang.Study on influence ofmining rate on stress environment in surrounding rock of mecha-nized top caving mining face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2006,25(6):1118-1124.
[14]谢广祥,常聚才,华心祝.开采速度对综放面围岩力学特征影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):963-967.Xie Guangxiang,Chang Jucai,Hua Xinzhu.Influence of mining ve-locity on mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock in fullymechanized top-coal caving face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechni-cal Engineering,2007,29(7):963-967.
[15]王磊,谢广祥.综采面推进速度对煤岩动力灾害的影响研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):70-74.Wang Lei,Xie Guangxiang.Influence of mining velocity on dynamicdisasters in the coal mass at a fully mechanized mining face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(1):70-74.
[2]蓝航,齐庆新,潘俊锋,等.我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.Lan Hang,Qi Qingxin,Pan Junfeng,et al.Analysis on features aswell as prevention and control technology of mine strata pressurebumping in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
[3]李玉生.冲击地压机理及其初步应用[J].中国矿业学院学报,1985(3):37-43.Li Yusheng.Preliminary application of rockburst mechanism[J].Journal of China Mining Institute,1985(3):37-43.
[4]王淑坤.冲击地压机理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(S):500-503.Wang Shukun.The mechanism of rockburst[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,1996,15(S):500-503.
[5]抚顺矿务局和阜新矿业学院冲击地压研究组.冲击地压机理的探讨[J].阜新矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1985(S):65-71.Rockburst Research Group of Fushun Mining Bureau and Fuxin Min-ing Institute.Discussion on rockburst mechanism[J].Journal of Fux-in Mining Institute(Natural Science),1985(S):65-71.
[6]赵毅鑫,姜耀东,张雨.冲击倾向性与煤体细观结构特征的相关规律[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(1):64-68.Zhao Yixin,Jiang Yaodong,Zhang Yu.The relationship betweenbump-prone properity and microstructure characteristics of coal[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(1):64-68.
[7]尹光志,代高飞,皮文丽,等.冲击地压的滑块模型研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):359-364.Yin Guangzhi,Dai Gaofei,Pi Wenli,et al.Study on rock burst usingstick slip model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(3):359-364.
[8]潘立友,王崇革,李兴伟.冲击地压的一维层裂模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(S):2054-2056.Pan Liyou,Wang Chongge,Li Xingwei.Lamination spallation modelof underground impact pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2002,21(S):2054-2056.
[9]刘建新,唐春安,朱万成,等.煤岩串联组合模型及冲击地压机理的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(2):276-280.Liu Jianxin,Tang Chun’an,Zhu Wancheng,et al.Rock-coal modelfor studying the rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2004,26(2):276-280.
[10]苗小虎,姜福兴,王存文,等.微地震监测揭示的矿震诱发冲击地压机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(6):971-975.Miao Xiaohu,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Cunwen,et al.Mechanism of mi-croseism-induced rockburst revealed by microseismic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(6):971-975.
[11]曹安业,范军,牟宗龙,等.矿震动载对围岩的冲击破坏效应[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):2006-2010.Cao Anye,Fan Jun,Mou Zonglong,et al.Burst failure effect of min-ing-induced tremor on roadway surrounding rock[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(12):2006-2010.
[12]李志华,窦林名,曹安业,等.采动影响下断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(S1):68-73.Li Zhihua,Dou Linming,Cao Anye,et al.Mechanism of fault slipinduced rockburst during mining[J].Journal of China Coal Socie-ty,2011,36(S1):68-73.
[13]王金安,焦申华,谢广祥.综放工作面开采速率对围岩应力环境影响的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(6):1118-1124.Wang Jin’an,Jiao Shenhua,Xie Guangxiang.Study on influence ofmining rate on stress environment in surrounding rock of mecha-nized top caving mining face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2006,25(6):1118-1124.
[14]谢广祥,常聚才,华心祝.开采速度对综放面围岩力学特征影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):963-967.Xie Guangxiang,Chang Jucai,Hua Xinzhu.Influence of mining ve-locity on mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock in fullymechanized top-coal caving face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechni-cal Engineering,2007,29(7):963-967.
[15]王磊,谢广祥.综采面推进速度对煤岩动力灾害的影响研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):70-74.Wang Lei,Xie Guangxiang.Influence of mining velocity on dynamicdisasters in the coal mass at a fully mechanized mining face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(1):70-74.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心