特厚煤层综放开采采空区侧向矿压特征及应用
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摘要
以水帘洞煤矿3801特厚硬煤层综放工作面开采为工程背景,对采空区侧矿压显现进行了两次在线实时观测,结果如下:①得到了采空区巷道覆岩移动、支护体受力、侧向支承压力显现特征,揭示了工作面上端头采空区侧周期来压等于走向周期来压步距,建立了采空区侧向上位直接顶"岩-矸"结构(位于煤层上方16～24 m)、基本顶"岩-梁"结构的覆岩结构模型;②建立采空区巷道隔离墙受力模型,结合实验得到的矸石充填体"应力-应变"关系,计算得出采空区巷道隔离墙承载性能适应覆岩运动;③根据工作面上端头采空区侧周期来压超前于支护受力、侧向支承压力显现的时序关系,确定了覆岩运动对压力显现的主导作用。应用研究结果,优化3802运输巷与3801综放工作面煤柱宽度为8 m,较以往煤柱宽度减少22 m,已施工完毕的3802运输巷达到了预期效果,技术经济效益显著。
By using the online intrinsic-safe mining pressure monitoring system,two observations regarding the lateral pressure were made to one solid coal side of goaf at the working face 3801(where the fully-mechanized top-caving method FMTC was used) at Shuiliandong Mine,with the results are as follows:① The characteristics of movement of the overlying rock,force borne by the supports,and the lateral supporting pressure in the tunnel were obtained,the fact that pace of the periodical lateral pressure equals to that of the periodical strike pressure was revealed,and a model for the lateral overlying rock structure was established based on the stabilized roofing,the upper roof's structure(16-24 m above the coal seams) and the rock-beam structure for the main roof in the tunnel of goaf.② The conclusion was drawn that the property of the separating wall of the tunnel can suit the movement of the overlying rock resulted from the calculation by establishing the model of force-bearing of the separating wall of the tunnels in goaf in combination with the stress-strain relation.③ The dominance of the overlying rock movement on pressure was determined on the basis of the features of the force bearing of the advanced support due to the lateral periodical pressure and the lateral supporting pressure,which will be used to study the theory by which the rock formation's movement controls the mine's pressure.The result was applied to optimize the width of the coal pillar between 3802 transport level and 3801 working face to 8 m,reduced by 22 m compared with the previous one so that the former meets the expectation after construction.
By using the online intrinsic-safe mining pressure monitoring system,two observations regarding the lateral pressure were made to one solid coal side of goaf at the working face 3801(where the fully-mechanized top-caving method FMTC was used) at Shuiliandong Mine,with the results are as follows:① The characteristics of movement of the overlying rock,force borne by the supports,and the lateral supporting pressure in the tunnel were obtained,the fact that pace of the periodical lateral pressure equals to that of the periodical strike pressure was revealed,and a model for the lateral overlying rock structure was established based on the stabilized roofing,the upper roof's structure(16-24 m above the coal seams) and the rock-beam structure for the main roof in the tunnel of goaf.② The conclusion was drawn that the property of the separating wall of the tunnel can suit the movement of the overlying rock resulted from the calculation by establishing the model of force-bearing of the separating wall of the tunnels in goaf in combination with the stress-strain relation.③ The dominance of the overlying rock movement on pressure was determined on the basis of the features of the force bearing of the advanced support due to the lateral periodical pressure and the lateral supporting pressure,which will be used to study the theory by which the rock formation's movement controls the mine's pressure.The result was applied to optimize the width of the coal pillar between 3802 transport level and 3801 working face to 8 m,reduced by 22 m compared with the previous one so that the former meets the expectation after construction.
引文
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[7]蒋斌松,张强,韩立军.采动岩层荷载计算方法修正[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(6):581-585.Jiang Binsong,Zhang Qiang,Han Lijun.Modification of calculationmethod for the load of mining-induced strata[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2007,32(6):581-585.
[8]蒋金泉.采场围岩应力与运动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:15-75.Jiang Jinquan.Rock strata stress and movement around longwall face[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1993:15-75.
[9]姜福兴.采场顶板控制设计及其专家系统[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995:205-213.Jiang Fuxing.Design of roof control and it’s specialist system[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1995:205-213.
[10]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989,14(4):21-29.Hou Chaojiong,Ma Nianjie.Stress in seam roadway sides and limitequilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,14(4):21-29.
[11]贾双春,王家臣,朱建明,等.厚煤层窄煤柱沿空掘巷中煤柱极限核区计算[J].中国矿业,2012,20(12):81-85.Jia Shuangchun,Wang Jiachen,Zhu Jianming,et al.Calculating ofthe elastic central zone of narrow coal pillar along goaf of coal ca-ving in the thick coal seam[J].China Mining Magazine,2012,20(12):81-85.
[12]秦忠诚,王同旭.深井孤岛综放面支承压力分布及其在底板中的传递规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(7):1127-1131.Qin Zhongcheng,Wang Tongxu.Abutment pressure distribution andits transfer law in floor of deep isolated fully-mechanized miningfaces using sublevel caving[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(7):1127-1131.
[2]杨淑华,姜福兴.综采放顶煤支架受力与顶板结构的关系探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(3):287-290.Yang Shuhua,Jiang Fuxing.Research on the relationship betweensublevel caving support load and roof structure[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(3):287-290.
[3]孔令海,姜福兴,王存文,等.基于高精度微地震监测技术的特厚煤层综放面支架围岩关系研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(3):401-407.Kong Linghai,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Cunwen,et al.Relationship be-tween support and strata based on high precision microseismic moni-toring technology in extra-thick coal seam fully-mechanized sublevelcaving mining[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(3):401-407.
[4]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:243-244.Qian Minggao,Shi Pingwu.Mine pressure and ground control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2003:243-244.
[5]宋振骐.实用矿山压力[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1988:41-78.Song Zhenqi.Practical ground pressure[M].Xuzhou:China Univer-sity of Mining and Technology Press,1988:41-78.
[6]窦林名,贺虎.煤矿覆岩空间结构OX-F-T演化规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):453-460.Dou Linming,He Hu.Study of OX-F-T spatial structure evolutionof overlyiny strata in coal mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):453-460.
[7]蒋斌松,张强,韩立军.采动岩层荷载计算方法修正[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(6):581-585.Jiang Binsong,Zhang Qiang,Han Lijun.Modification of calculationmethod for the load of mining-induced strata[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2007,32(6):581-585.
[8]蒋金泉.采场围岩应力与运动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993:15-75.Jiang Jinquan.Rock strata stress and movement around longwall face[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1993:15-75.
[9]姜福兴.采场顶板控制设计及其专家系统[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995:205-213.Jiang Fuxing.Design of roof control and it’s specialist system[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1995:205-213.
[10]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989,14(4):21-29.Hou Chaojiong,Ma Nianjie.Stress in seam roadway sides and limitequilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,14(4):21-29.
[11]贾双春,王家臣,朱建明,等.厚煤层窄煤柱沿空掘巷中煤柱极限核区计算[J].中国矿业,2012,20(12):81-85.Jia Shuangchun,Wang Jiachen,Zhu Jianming,et al.Calculating ofthe elastic central zone of narrow coal pillar along goaf of coal ca-ving in the thick coal seam[J].China Mining Magazine,2012,20(12):81-85.
[12]秦忠诚,王同旭.深井孤岛综放面支承压力分布及其在底板中的传递规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(7):1127-1131.Qin Zhongcheng,Wang Tongxu.Abutment pressure distribution andits transfer law in floor of deep isolated fully-mechanized miningfaces using sublevel caving[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(7):1127-1131.
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