基于支持向量机的综合地质环境评价研究
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摘要
榆神府矿区位于毛乌素沙地与陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的过渡地带,该矿区煤层埋藏浅、开采厚度大、上覆基岩厚度较薄且有松散潜水含水层分布。区内常年干旱少雨、植被稀疏,是典型的生态脆弱区,大规模煤层开采容易导致较严重的地质环境问题。分析了影响研究区生态环境的地质采矿因素,研究煤层开采对各地质环境因素的影响;采用支持向量机(SVM)理论和方法,建立了综合地质环境质量评价及预测非线性模型,对研究区煤炭资源开采地质环境多因素非线性相互作用演变结果进行了评价和预测,得到了5个等级综合地质环境现状分区、开采变化的预测结果。该方法在评价复杂地质环境多因素非线性相互作用及预测综合地质环境演变方面具有更科学、精细、接近现实的效果。
The Yushenfu mining district,located in transition region between the hill ravine area of Loess Plateau in the north of Shaanxi province and Maowusu sand land,has many characteristics: the embedding depth of coal seam is shallow,the mining seam is thick and the thickness of overlying base rock is rather thin,in addition,the surface in this zone was covered by rather unconsolidated formation.Because of the drought and lack of rain all of the year and the sparse vegetation,it is a typically eco-logical vulnerability.Consequently,the large-scale coal mining easily result in some more serious prob-lems of the geological environment.The research analyzes the geological mining factors and study the influence on geological environment exerted by coal mining.Adopting the theory and methods of the support vector machine(SVM),we built an assessment of integrated geological environmental quality and a nonlinear prediction model.By evaluating and forecasting the evolution result of nonlinear inter-action of geological environment factors on coal mining,we got predicting results from five different comprehensive geological environment divisions and the mining change divisions.The method has a more scientific and more accurate effect,closer to the reality in evaluating the nonlinear interaction that comes from the factors of complex geological environment and predicting the evolution of comprehen-sive geological environment.
The Yushenfu mining district,located in transition region between the hill ravine area of Loess Plateau in the north of Shaanxi province and Maowusu sand land,has many characteristics: the embedding depth of coal seam is shallow,the mining seam is thick and the thickness of overlying base rock is rather thin,in addition,the surface in this zone was covered by rather unconsolidated formation.Because of the drought and lack of rain all of the year and the sparse vegetation,it is a typically eco-logical vulnerability.Consequently,the large-scale coal mining easily result in some more serious prob-lems of the geological environment.The research analyzes the geological mining factors and study the influence on geological environment exerted by coal mining.Adopting the theory and methods of the support vector machine(SVM),we built an assessment of integrated geological environmental quality and a nonlinear prediction model.By evaluating and forecasting the evolution result of nonlinear inter-action of geological environment factors on coal mining,we got predicting results from five different comprehensive geological environment divisions and the mining change divisions.The method has a more scientific and more accurate effect,closer to the reality in evaluating the nonlinear interaction that comes from the factors of complex geological environment and predicting the evolution of comprehen-sive geological environment.
引文
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[2]武强,安永会,刘文岗,等.神府东胜矿区水土环境问题及其调控技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(3):54-58.WU Qiang,AN Yong-hui,LIU Wen-gang,et al.Water-soil environment issues and its controlling technology inShengdong Mining Field[J].Coal Geology&Explora-tion,2005,33(3):54-58.
[3]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林,等.论科学采矿[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,25(1):1-10.QIAN Ming-gao,MIAO Xie-xing,XU Jia-lin,et al.Onscientized mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engi-neering,2009,25(1):1-10.
[4]刘玉德,张东升,赵永峰,等.浅埋煤层环境影响的源头控制型安全开采技术[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(4):65-67.LIU Yu-de,ZHONG Dong-Sheng,ZHAO Yong-feng,et al.Satey mining technology of shallow coal seamimparted by environment[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2011,42(4):65-67.
[5]李涛,李文平,常金源,等.陕北浅埋煤层开采隔水土层渗透性变化特征[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(1):127-131.LI Tao,LI Wen-ping,CHANG Jin-yuan,et al.Per-meability features of water-resistant clay layer in northernShaanxi province while shallowly buried coal mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(1):127-131.
[6]王洪亮,李维均,陈永杰,等.神木大柳塔地区煤矿开采对地下水的影响[J].陕西地质,2002,20(2):89-96.WANG Hong-liang,LI Wei-jun,CHEN Yong-jie,et al.Impact on ground water by coal mining in Daliuta,Shenmu Area[J].Geology of Shaanxi,2002,20(2):89-96.
[7]邓乃扬,田英杰.数据挖掘中的新方法―支持向量机[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:145-151.
[8]王磊.支持向量机学习算法的若干问题研究[D].成都:电子科技大学资源与环境学院,2007:120-131.
[9]朱世增,党选举.基于相关向量机的非线性动态系统辨识[J].计算机仿真,2008,25(6):103-107.ZHU Shi-zeng,DANG Xuan-ju.Nonlinear dynamicsystem identification based on relevance vector ma-chine[J].Computer Simulation,2008,25(6):103-107.
[10]张浩然,韩正之,李昌刚.基于支持向量机的非线性模型预测控制[J].系统工程与电子技术,2003,25(3):330-334.ZHANG Hao-ran,HAN Zheng-zhi,LI Chang-gang.Support vector machine based nonlinear model predictivecontrol[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2003,25(3):330-334.
[11]武安绪,张永仙.地震前兆综合预测支持向量机模型研究[J].地震,2008,28(3):64-68.WU An-xu,ZHANG Yong-xian.Study on model ofsupport vector machine for synthetic prediction of seis-mic precursors[J].Earthquake,2008,28(3):64-68.
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