基于强度折减法的地坑窑居广义可靠指标研究
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摘要
为分析地坑窑居在役百年甚至数百年的深层次原因,对其广义可靠指标进行了研究。以确定性的有限元分析为基础,采用强度折减法建立了窑腿宽度、窑室跨度与富裕安全系数间的映射关系,用不含交叉项的二次多项式响应面函数代表地坑窑居的功能函数,进而求得广义可靠指标与验算点,并对河南陕县地坑窑居的广义可靠指标进行了研究。结果表明:该地区地坑窑居的可靠性较高;考虑窑腿宽度和窑室跨度2个随机变量间的相关性,得到的广义可靠指标稍高;相对于窑室跨度,窑腿宽度对广义可靠指标的影响占绝对主要地位;所建立的地坑窑居的广义可靠指标的研究方法,可用于任意地区地坑窑居的可靠度评价,并可推广至多随机变量的情况,还可用于指导地坑窑居的营造、修缮。
In order to uncover the reason that underground cave dwellings could survive hundreds of years,the generalized reliability index of underground cave dwellings was researched.Based on definitive finite element analysis and strength reduction method,relations between cave leg width,cave span and excess safety factor were established,which were expressed by quadratic polynomial response surface function without cross terms.The generalized reliability index and checking point could be solved.The generalized reliability index research of underground cave dwellings in Shan County,Henan Province was done.The results show that the reliability of underground cave dwellings in this village is high,and higher if the correlation between cave leg width and cave span is considered.The influence of cave leg width on generalized reliability index is in major position contrasting to cave span.The researching method of generalized reliability index of underground cave dwelling,can be used to evaluate reliability of underground cave dwellings in every district,even in the situation of more random variables,and can guide the construction and renovation of underground cave dwellings.
In order to uncover the reason that underground cave dwellings could survive hundreds of years,the generalized reliability index of underground cave dwellings was researched.Based on definitive finite element analysis and strength reduction method,relations between cave leg width,cave span and excess safety factor were established,which were expressed by quadratic polynomial response surface function without cross terms.The generalized reliability index and checking point could be solved.The generalized reliability index research of underground cave dwellings in Shan County,Henan Province was done.The results show that the reliability of underground cave dwellings in this village is high,and higher if the correlation between cave leg width and cave span is considered.The influence of cave leg width on generalized reliability index is in major position contrasting to cave span.The researching method of generalized reliability index of underground cave dwelling,can be used to evaluate reliability of underground cave dwellings in every district,even in the situation of more random variables,and can guide the construction and renovation of underground cave dwellings.
引文
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[13]郑颖人,徐浩,王成,等.隧洞破坏机理及深浅埋分界标准[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2010,44(10):1851-1856,1875.ZHENG Ying-ren,XU Hao,WANG Cheng,et al.Failure Mechanism of Tunnel and Dividing LineStandard Between Shallow and Deep Bury[J].Journalof Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2010,44(10):1851-1856,1875.
[14]郑颖人,肖强,叶海林,等.地震隧洞稳定性分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1081-1088.ZHENG Ying-ren,XIAO Qiang,YE Hai-lin,et al.Study of Tunnel Stability Analysis with Seismic Load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engin-eering,2010,29(6):1081-1088.
[15]ZIENKIEWICZ O C,HUMPHESON C,LEWIS RW.Associated and Non-associated Visco-plasticityand Plasticity in Soil Mechanics[J].Geotechnique,1975,25(4):671-689.
[16]GRIFFITHS D V,LANE P A.Slope Stability Analy-sis by Finite Elements[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(3):387-403.
[17]DAWSON E M,ROTH W H,DRESCHER A.SlopeStability Analysis by Strength Reduction[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(6):835-840.
[18]张崎.基于Kriging方法的结构可靠性分析及优化设计[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005.ZHANG Qi.Structural Reliability Analysis and Opti-mization Based on Kriging Technique[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2005.
[19]张明.结构可靠度分析:方法与程序[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.ZHANG Ming.Structural Reliability Analysis:Meth-ods and Procedures[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[20]武清玺,卓家寿.结构可靠度分析的变f序列响应面法及其应用[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2001,29(2):75-78.WU Qing-xi,ZHUO Jia-shou.A Sequential ResponseSurface Method with Various fand Its Application toStructural Reliability Analysis[J].Journal of HohaiUniversity:Natural Sciences,2001,29(2):75-78.
[2]童丽萍,柳帅军.减法负荷生土地坑窑结构的非线性有限元分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2011,28(2):14-20.TONG Li-ping,LIU Shuai-jun.Structural NonlinearFinite Element Analysis for Subtraction Load Under-ground Cave Dwelling[J].Journal of Architecture andCivil Engineering,2011,28(2):14-20.
[3]童丽萍,韩翠萍.传统生土窑洞的土拱结构体系[J].施工技术,2008,37(6):113-115,118.TONG Li-ping,HAN Cui-ping.Earth-arched Struc-tural Systems of Primitive Earth-sheltered Dwelling[J].Construction Technology,2008,37(6):113-115,118.
[4]赵国藩,金伟良,贡金鑫.结构可靠度理论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.ZHAO Guo-fan,JIN Wei-liang,GONG Jin-xin.TheTheory of Structural Reliability[M].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2000.
[5]吴帅兵,李典庆,周创兵.结构可靠度分析中变量相关时三种变换方法的比较[J].工程力学,2011,28(5):41-48,63.WU Shuai-bing,LI Dian-qing,ZHOU Chuang-bing.Comparison Among Three Transformation Methodsfor Structural Reliability Analysis with CorrelatedVariables[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(5):41-48,63.
[6]任侠.黄土窑洞弹塑性有限元分析[J].兰州铁道学院学报,1993,12(4):1-7.REN Xia.Elasto-plastic Finite Element Analysis ofLoess Cave Dwellings[J].Journal of Lanzhou RailwayInstitute,1993,12(4):1-7.
[7]张永兴,胡居义,何青云,等.基于强度折减法小净距隧道合理净距的研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2006(3):64-67.ZHANG Yong-xing,HU Ju-yi,HE Qing-yun,et al.On Rational Clear Spacing of Tunnel with Small ClearSpacing Based on Strength Reduction Technique[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2006(3):64-67.
[8]肖强,郑颖人,叶海林.静力无衬砌黄土隧洞稳定性探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(6):1136-1141.XIAO Qiang,ZHENG Ying-ren,YE Hai-lin.StabilityAnalysis of Static Unlined Loess Tunnel[J].ChineseJournal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(6):1136-1141.
[9]程选生,田瑞瑞,王俊岭,等.大跨度无衬砌蛋形黄土隧道围岩结构的静力和地震动稳定分析[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(增1):582-587.CHENG Xuan-sheng,TIAN Rui-rui,WANG Jun-ling,et al.Static and Seismic Stability Analysis of SoilMass Surrounding Tunnel About Large-span UnlinedEgg-shaped Loess Tunnel[J].China Civil EngineeringJournal,2010,43(S1):582-587.
[10]江权,冯夏庭,向天兵.基于强度折减原理的地下洞室群整体安全系数计算方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8):2483-2488.JIANG Quan,FENG Xia-ting,XIANG Tian-bing.Discussion on Method for Calculating General SafetyFactor of Underground Caverns Based on StrengthReduction Theory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(8):2483-2488.
[11]张红,郑颖人,杨臻,等.黄土隧洞支护结构设计方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2009,30(增2):473-478.ZHANG Hong,ZHENG Ying-ren,YANG Zhen,et al.Exploration of Design Methods of SupportStructure in Loess Tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechan-ics,2009,30(S2):473-478.
[12]张黎明,郑颖人,王在泉,等.有限元强度折减法在公路隧道中的应用探讨[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):97-101,106.ZHANG Li-ming,ZHENG Ying-ren,WANG Zai-quan,et al.Application of Strength Reduction FiniteElement Method to Road Tunnels[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2007,28(1):97-101,106.
[13]郑颖人,徐浩,王成,等.隧洞破坏机理及深浅埋分界标准[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2010,44(10):1851-1856,1875.ZHENG Ying-ren,XU Hao,WANG Cheng,et al.Failure Mechanism of Tunnel and Dividing LineStandard Between Shallow and Deep Bury[J].Journalof Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2010,44(10):1851-1856,1875.
[14]郑颖人,肖强,叶海林,等.地震隧洞稳定性分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1081-1088.ZHENG Ying-ren,XIAO Qiang,YE Hai-lin,et al.Study of Tunnel Stability Analysis with Seismic Load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engin-eering,2010,29(6):1081-1088.
[15]ZIENKIEWICZ O C,HUMPHESON C,LEWIS RW.Associated and Non-associated Visco-plasticityand Plasticity in Soil Mechanics[J].Geotechnique,1975,25(4):671-689.
[16]GRIFFITHS D V,LANE P A.Slope Stability Analy-sis by Finite Elements[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(3):387-403.
[17]DAWSON E M,ROTH W H,DRESCHER A.SlopeStability Analysis by Strength Reduction[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(6):835-840.
[18]张崎.基于Kriging方法的结构可靠性分析及优化设计[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005.ZHANG Qi.Structural Reliability Analysis and Opti-mization Based on Kriging Technique[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2005.
[19]张明.结构可靠度分析:方法与程序[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.ZHANG Ming.Structural Reliability Analysis:Meth-ods and Procedures[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[20]武清玺,卓家寿.结构可靠度分析的变f序列响应面法及其应用[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2001,29(2):75-78.WU Qing-xi,ZHUO Jia-shou.A Sequential ResponseSurface Method with Various fand Its Application toStructural Reliability Analysis[J].Journal of HohaiUniversity:Natural Sciences,2001,29(2):75-78.
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