外环位移控制与内环力控制拟动力试验方法
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摘要
对于大刚度结构试验,采用传统的位移控制加载试验难以进行,为此提出了外环位移控制、内环力控制的混合控制加载方法。在结构上设置外接高精度位移传感器测量位移反应,并设计位移控制器实现结构位移的反馈控制,同时采用一个位移与力转换系数,把位移命令转换为力命令使得加载设备采用力控制加载模式工作。为了验证该方法的有效性,首先介绍该方法的原理,然后进行数值模拟与试验验证。数值模拟和试验结果都表明,当选用合理的控制器参数时,该方法具有非常好的稳定性和精度,要优于传统拟动力试验方法,并且可以实现小位移的精确加载和测量,试验结果更准确。同时该方法中的内环采用力控制要比采用位移控制得到的试验结果更精确。研究表明,该方法可以很好地完成大刚度结构的拟动力试验。
A new pseudo-dynamic testing method was presented,adopting a mixed control strategy combining a displacement outer loop and a force inner loop for tests of structures with large stiffness.In particular,the displacement of the specimen measured by linear variable displacement transducer(LVDT) was controlled by a displacement feedback controller,and a tranferring parameter was used to transfer the displacement command to force command to make the actuator work in a force-control mode.The principle of the proposed method was introduced and then the numerical and test validation of the new method was followed to further prove its effectiveness.The numerical and test results show that the method exhibits excellent performance in terms of stability and accuracy,if proper controller parameters are adopted.The small displacement loading and its measurement can be precisely achieved by using this new method,which is found to be superior to conventional pseudo-dynamic(PSD) test methods.In addition,the test results obtained by the force-controlled method in the inner control loop are more accurate than those by the displacement-controlled method.The method can be successfully used for pseudo-dynamic tests of the structures with large stiffness.
A new pseudo-dynamic testing method was presented,adopting a mixed control strategy combining a displacement outer loop and a force inner loop for tests of structures with large stiffness.In particular,the displacement of the specimen measured by linear variable displacement transducer(LVDT) was controlled by a displacement feedback controller,and a tranferring parameter was used to transfer the displacement command to force command to make the actuator work in a force-control mode.The principle of the proposed method was introduced and then the numerical and test validation of the new method was followed to further prove its effectiveness.The numerical and test results show that the method exhibits excellent performance in terms of stability and accuracy,if proper controller parameters are adopted.The small displacement loading and its measurement can be precisely achieved by using this new method,which is found to be superior to conventional pseudo-dynamic(PSD) test methods.In addition,the test results obtained by the force-controlled method in the inner control loop are more accurate than those by the displacement-controlled method.The method can be successfully used for pseudo-dynamic tests of the structures with large stiffness.
引文
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[2]Aktan H M.Pseudo-Dynamic Testing of Structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1986,112(2):183-197.
[3]Takanashi K,Nakashima M.Japanese Activities on On-LineTesting[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1987,113(7):1014-1032.
[4]Shing P B,Nakashima M,Bursi O S.Application ofPseudodynamic Test Method to Structural Research[J].Earthquake Spectra,1996,12(1):29-56.
[5]刘季,李暄,张培卿.大刚度结构力控制拟动力实验方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(4):55-59.LIU JI,Li Xuan,ZHANG Pei-qing.Study on pseudodynamictest method under force control used in stiff multi-storeystructures[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,1996,16(4):55-59.
[6]李暄,刘季,田石柱.结构拟动力试验力控制实现技术[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(1):49-53.LI Xuan,LIU Ji,TIAN Shi-zhu.Structural pseudo-dynamictesting technology by force control[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1997,17(1):49-53.
[7]王凤来,陈再现,王焕定,等.制高阶单步力控制拟动力试验方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(6):233-238.WANG Feng-Lai,CHEN Zai-Xian,WANG Huan-ding,etal.High-order single-step method for force-control pseudo-dynamic test[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2008,28(6):233-238.
[8]Pan P,Nakashima M,Tomofuji H.Online test usingdisplacement-force mixed control[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34:869-888.
[9]Nakata N,Spencer,Jr B F,Elnashai A S.Mixed load/displacement control strategy for hybrid simulation[A].4thInternational Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Taipei,2006:94-103.
[10]Sivaselvan M V,Reinhorn A M,Shao X Y,et al.Dynamicforce control with hydraulic actuators using added complianceand displacement compensation[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,2007:1-10.
[11]Kim H K,Stojadinovic B,Yang T Y.A schellenbergalternative control strategies in hybrid simulation[A].2ndEFAST Workshop and 4th International Conference onAdvances in Experimental Structural Engineering[C].IspraItaly,2011,1-14.
[12]Jung R Y.Development of real-time hybrid test system[D].Colorado,USA:University of Colorado,2005.
[13]Wu B,Wang Q Y,Shin P B,et al.Equivalent force controlmethod for generalized real-time substructure testing withimplicit integration[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructural Dynamics,2007,36:1127-1149.
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