分布式电磁接收系统多频标定信号的产生与检测
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摘要
为了提高分布式电磁接收系统频域标定的效率和精度,提出了一种基于多频伪随机信号的标定方法并研究了多频标定信号的产生和标定数据的处理方法。首先,根据多频伪随机信号的解析式分析了其主频点的振幅和分布特点,通过现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现了伪随机信号的编码合成并产生了高精度双极性标定信号源。然后,基于相关检测的噪声抑制原理,给出了检测含噪声多频标定输出信号幅度和相位的多次相关迭代法并通过仿真进行了验证。最后,对分布式双通道电磁接收系统的采集通道和磁场传感器进行了标定测试。结果表明:在外界噪声不大于标定输出信号幅度的环境下,检测结果幅度误差小于2%,相位误差小于1°。该标定方法快速准确,可用于分布式电磁接收系统在不同野外环境下的频域标定。
To improve the efficiency and accuracy of calibration in frequency domain for a distributed electromagnetic receiver,a calibration method based on multi-frequency pseudo-random signal was proposed and the generation and detection of the signals were investigated.According to the analytical expression of multi-frequency pseudo-random signals,the amplitude and distribution characteristics of the main frequency were analyzed,and a high-precision bipolar calibration source was produced through a Field Programming Gate Array(FPGA) to achieve the encoding synthesis of pseudo-random signals.Based on the noise suppression principle of correlation detection,an iterative method with multiple times for the amplitude and phase of a noisy multi-frequency calibration output signal was given,then it was validated by a simulation.Finally,the acquisition channels of the distributed dual-channel electromagnetic receiving system and a magnetic field sensor were calibrated actually.The results indicate that the amplitude error and the phase error are less than 2% and 1°,respectively,while the outside noise is not greater than the calibration output signal.The calibration method is fast,accurate and can be used in the frequency-domain calibration of distributed electromagnetic receiving systems in various field environments.
To improve the efficiency and accuracy of calibration in frequency domain for a distributed electromagnetic receiver,a calibration method based on multi-frequency pseudo-random signal was proposed and the generation and detection of the signals were investigated.According to the analytical expression of multi-frequency pseudo-random signals,the amplitude and distribution characteristics of the main frequency were analyzed,and a high-precision bipolar calibration source was produced through a Field Programming Gate Array(FPGA) to achieve the encoding synthesis of pseudo-random signals.Based on the noise suppression principle of correlation detection,an iterative method with multiple times for the amplitude and phase of a noisy multi-frequency calibration output signal was given,then it was validated by a simulation.Finally,the acquisition channels of the distributed dual-channel electromagnetic receiving system and a magnetic field sensor were calibrated actually.The results indicate that the amplitude error and the phase error are less than 2% and 1°,respectively,while the outside noise is not greater than the calibration output signal.The calibration method is fast,accurate and can be used in the frequency-domain calibration of distributed electromagnetic receiving systems in various field environments.
引文
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[2]MICHAEL S.Z.Electromagnetic geophysics:Notesfrom the past and the road ahead[J].Geophysics,2010,75(5):75A49-75A66.
[3]陆其鹄,吴天彪,林君.地球物理仪器学科发展研究报告[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):750-758.LU Q H,WU T B,LIN J.A reseach report on de-velopment of instrument science for geophysics[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(2):750-758.(inchinese)
[4]KINGMAN J E,DONOHUE J G,RITCHIE T J.Distributed acquisition in electrical geophysical sys-tems[C].Proceedings of Exploration 07:FifthDecennial International Conference on Mineral Ex-ploration,Toronto,Canada:Milkereit B,2007:425-432.
[5]GOLDSTEIN M A,STRANGWAY D W.Audio-frequency magnetotellurics with a grounded electricdipole source[J].Geophysics,1975,40(1):669-683.
[6]耿胜利,赵庆安.磁传感器标定技术与误差分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,1988,9(2):50-55.GENG S L,ZHAO Q A.The magnetic sensor cali-bration and error analysis[J].Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research,1988,9(2):50-55.(in Chinese)
[7]王言章,程德福,万云霞,等.混场源电磁接收与标定系统设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(2):304-308.WANG Y ZH,CHENG D F,WAN Y X,et al..Design of hybrid-source magnetotelluric receptionand calibration system[J].Chinese Journal of Sci-entific Instrument,2008,29(2):304-308.(in Chi-nese)
[8]周云耀,蔡亚先.甚宽频带地震计频域标定的相关处理技术[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(7):632-635.ZHOU Y Y,CAI Y X.Correlation ProcessingTechniques in Frequency-domain Calibration forVery Broadband Seismometer[J].Geomatics andInformation Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(7):632-635.(in Chinese)
[9]张建明.探讨数字相关滤波在精密位置检测与控制系统中的应用[J].光学精密工程,1996,4(3):38-45.ZHANG J M.Application of digital correlation fil-tering in precision positioning system[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,1996,4(3):38-45.(in Chinese)
[10]高爱华,孙金荣,秦文罡.微弱激光信号的数字相关检测技术[J].西安工业大学学报,2010,30(1):5-8.GAO A H,SUN J R,QIN W G.Investigation ofa digital correlation for slight laser signal detection[J].Journal of Xi’an Technological University,2010,30(1):5-8.(in Chinese)
[11]王兰炜,赵家骝,王子影,等.相关检测在甚低频电磁信号检测中的应用[J].西北地震学报,2004,26(4):339-346.WANG L W,ZHAO J L,WANG Z Y,et al..Application of correlation dectection to ELF signaldetection[J].Northwestern Seismological Jour-nal,2004,26(4):339-346.(in Chinese)
[12]周曲,颜国正,王文兴.相关系数分析在模糊图像参数识别中的应用[J].光学精密工程,2007,15(6):988-995.ZHOU Q,YAN G ZH,WANG W X.Applicationof correlation analysis to parameter recognition forblur image[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2007,15(6):988-995.(in Chinese)
[13]邵英秋,王言章,程德福,等.基于磁反馈的宽频带磁传感器的研制[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(11):2461-2466.SHAO Y Q,WANG Y ZH,CHEN D F,et al..Development of broad frequency band magneticfield sensor based on flux feedback[J].ChineseJournal of Scientific Instrument,2010,31(11):2461-2466.(in Chinese)
[14]何继善,佟铁钢,柳建新.a～n系列伪随机多频信号数学分析及实现[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,40(6):1666-1671.HE J SH,TONG T G,LIU J X.Mathematical a-nalysis and realization of a～n sequence pseudo-random multi-frequencies signal[J].Journal ofCentral South University:Science and Technolo-gy,2009,40(6):1666-1671.(in Chinese)
[15]高晋占.微弱信号检测[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.GAO J ZH.Detection of Weak Signals[M].Bei-jing:Tsinghua University Press,2004.(in Chi-nese)
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