土–结构动力离心试验模型材料研究与相似关系设计
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摘要
为得到低强度、低弹性模量,能够在离心机振动台试验中产生破坏现象的模型材料,采用正交试验方法对不同配合比石膏材料进行研究,根据试验结果选出适合土–结构离心机振动台破坏性试验的石膏配合比。并进一步对该配合比石膏进行耐水性研究,结果表明,试验中的防水处理效果显著。对于振动模型试验,相似关系设计是很重要的环节,在试验前期关系到模型尺寸的大小与材料的选取,在试验结束后则关系到试验数据的处理。基于Bockingham定理,采用量纲分析法对土–结构动力相互作用的离心机振动台试验进行模型相似关系设计。在相似设计中,主要考虑要在试验中能够激发出与原型相似的土–结构动力相互作用,因此需要保证土–结构刚度比、结构惯性力满足相似关系。由此,根据相似关系要求,分别得到石膏材料及微粒混凝土材料试验模型结构,并对2种材料模型进行分析。
In order to obtain model material with low strength and low modulus which can be used to make dynamic centrifuge model to study damage phenomena in the dynamic centrifuge shaking table test,orthogonal experimental design method to investigate plaster performance with different mixing proportion are studied.Based on the experiment results,an appropriate plaster mixture is selected to make the model for centrifuge shaking table tests.Furthermore,the plaster is treated by waterproof measures and underwent waterproof test.The results show that the waterproof plaster buried in moist soil can maintain strength and modulus.Similitude design of a model test concerns the size and materials of the model in prophase of a test and also concerns the management of data after the test,so it is very important for shaking table tests.Similitude design of the dynamic soil-structure interaction test on shaking table system for geotechnical centrifuge is carried out by means of dimensional analysis method,which is based on theorem of Bockingham.The main aim of the similitude design in the system is to induce strong soil-structure interaction as in the prototype.So the similitude design should maintain similar relative stiffness and inertial force between soil and structure as in the prototype.Based on the required similitude,plaster model and micro-concrete model are designed,and the analysis about the two models is conducted.
In order to obtain model material with low strength and low modulus which can be used to make dynamic centrifuge model to study damage phenomena in the dynamic centrifuge shaking table test,orthogonal experimental design method to investigate plaster performance with different mixing proportion are studied.Based on the experiment results,an appropriate plaster mixture is selected to make the model for centrifuge shaking table tests.Furthermore,the plaster is treated by waterproof measures and underwent waterproof test.The results show that the waterproof plaster buried in moist soil can maintain strength and modulus.Similitude design of a model test concerns the size and materials of the model in prophase of a test and also concerns the management of data after the test,so it is very important for shaking table tests.Similitude design of the dynamic soil-structure interaction test on shaking table system for geotechnical centrifuge is carried out by means of dimensional analysis method,which is based on theorem of Bockingham.The main aim of the similitude design in the system is to induce strong soil-structure interaction as in the prototype.So the similitude design should maintain similar relative stiffness and inertial force between soil and structure as in the prototype.Based on the required similitude,plaster model and micro-concrete model are designed,and the analysis about the two models is conducted.
引文
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[10]李德寅,王邦楣,林亚超.结构模型实验[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:13–23.(LI Deyin,WANG Bangmei,LIN Yachao.Model testof structure[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:13–23.(in Chinese))
[11]刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲.地基–地下结构系统动力离心模型试验相似设计方法研究[J].解放军后勤工程学院学报,2008,24(3):1–6.(LIU Jingbo,LIU Xiangqing,WANG Zonggang.Study onsimilitude theory of dynamic soil-structure interaction test on shakingtable system for geotechnical centrifuge[J].Journal of LogisticalEngineering University of PLA,2008,24(3):1–6.(in Chinese))
[12]张建民,于玉贞,濮家骝,等.电液伺服控制离心机振动台系统研制[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):843–845.(ZHANG Jianming,YU Yuzhen,PU Jialiu,et al.Development of a shaking table inelectro-dydraulic servo-control centrifuge[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):843–845.(in Chinese))
[2]SUN L X.Centrifuge modeling and finite element analysis ofpipeline buried in liquefiable soil[Ph.D.Thesis][D].New York,USA:Columbia University,2001.
[3]ADALIER K,ABDOUN T,DOBRY R,et al.Centrifuge modelingfor seismic retrofit design of an immersed tube tunnel[J].Interna-tional Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics,2003,3(2):23–35.
[4]苏栋,李相菘.可液化土中单桩地震响应的离心机试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(4):423–427.(SU Dong,LI Xiangsong.Centrifuge investigation on seismic response of single pile inliquefiable soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(4):423–427.(in Chinese))
[5]于玉贞,邓丽军,李荣建.砂土边坡地震动力响应离心模型试验[J].清华大学学报,2007,47(6):789–792.(YU Yuzhen,DENGLijun,LI Rongjian.Centrifuge model test of the seismic responsebehavior of a sand slope[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,2007,47(6):789–792.(in Chinese))
[6]于玉贞,邓丽军.抗滑桩加固边坡地震响应离心模型试验[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1320–1323.(YU Yuzhen,DENG Lijun.Centrifuge modeling of seismic behavior of slopes reinforced bystabilizing pile[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(9):1 320–1 323.(in Chinese))
[7]刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗刚,等.土–结构动力相互作用系统离心机振动台模型试验[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(11):114–121.(LIU Jingbo,LIU Xiangqing,WANG Zonggang,et al.Dynamiccentrifugal model test of a soil-structure interaction system[J].ChinaCivil Engineering Journal,2010,43(11):114–121.(in Chinese))
[8]殷杰,朱永全.三拱双柱式地铁车站结构静载模拟材料的研究[J].石家庄铁道学院,1990,3(2):80–86.(YIN Jie,ZHUYongquan.A study of the simulating materials of triple-arch anddouble-pillar type structure of subway station subjected to staticload[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway Institute,1990,3(2):80–86.(in Chinese))
[9]董如何,肖必华,方永水.正交试验设计的理论分析方法及应用[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报:自然科学版,2004,12(6):103–106.(DONG Ruhe,XIAO Bihua,FANG Yongshui.The theoreticalanalysis of orthogonal test designs[J].Journal of Anhui Institute ofArchitecture and Industry:Natural Science,2004,12(6):103–106.(in Chinese))
[10]李德寅,王邦楣,林亚超.结构模型实验[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:13–23.(LI Deyin,WANG Bangmei,LIN Yachao.Model testof structure[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996:13–23.(in Chinese))
[11]刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲.地基–地下结构系统动力离心模型试验相似设计方法研究[J].解放军后勤工程学院学报,2008,24(3):1–6.(LIU Jingbo,LIU Xiangqing,WANG Zonggang.Study onsimilitude theory of dynamic soil-structure interaction test on shakingtable system for geotechnical centrifuge[J].Journal of LogisticalEngineering University of PLA,2008,24(3):1–6.(in Chinese))
[12]张建民,于玉贞,濮家骝,等.电液伺服控制离心机振动台系统研制[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):843–845.(ZHANG Jianming,YU Yuzhen,PU Jialiu,et al.Development of a shaking table inelectro-dydraulic servo-control centrifuge[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):843–845.(in Chinese))
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