压电网壳抗震主动控制振动台试验
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摘要
运用压电智能材料频响范围宽、响应速度快的特点,设计制作了双向受力压电主动杆件,通过动力特性以及驱动性能测试,得到了压电主动杆件的驱动增益函数和频响特征;基于遗传算法,对网壳结构进行主动控制时主动杆件的数目和布置位置进行了优化设计;运用8个自主研制的压电主动杆件,对一凯威特网壳模型进行了主动控制振动台试验,对压电主动杆件采取循环开/关闭合驱动的方法,实现了对结构的多点最优控制,并使结构的竖向及水平加速度和位移均得到了良好的控制。结构的模态频率最大抑制达到14%,模态阻尼比最大提高了2.2。
According to the wide frequency response range and fast response characteristics of the piezoelectric smart material,a two-way stress piezoelectric driving lever is designed.After testing the dynamic performance and driving effects of the piezoelectric driving lever,its driver gain function and frequency response feature are attained.Then based on the result of genetic algorithm,an optimization design of the driving lever′s numbers and layout comes out.After that,an active control experiment on the vibrating table is made,in which eight piezoelectric driving levers are used to operate on the Kewitte latticed shell model with the closed switch method.The final results show that the special design of the experiment can implement optimal multi-point control over the structure.The acceleration and displacement of vertical and horizontal get a good control effect respectively,the maximum modal frequency control attain to 14%,and the maximum modal damping increase is 2.2,which further inspects and verifies the theory and method proposed in this paper.
According to the wide frequency response range and fast response characteristics of the piezoelectric smart material,a two-way stress piezoelectric driving lever is designed.After testing the dynamic performance and driving effects of the piezoelectric driving lever,its driver gain function and frequency response feature are attained.Then based on the result of genetic algorithm,an optimization design of the driving lever′s numbers and layout comes out.After that,an active control experiment on the vibrating table is made,in which eight piezoelectric driving levers are used to operate on the Kewitte latticed shell model with the closed switch method.The final results show that the special design of the experiment can implement optimal multi-point control over the structure.The acceleration and displacement of vertical and horizontal get a good control effect respectively,the maximum modal frequency control attain to 14%,and the maximum modal damping increase is 2.2,which further inspects and verifies the theory and method proposed in this paper.
引文
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[12]傅武军,朱昌明,叶庆泰.多目标遗传算法在电梯主动导轮系统集成优化设计中的应用[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(2):227-233.Fu Wujun,Zhu Changming,Ye Qingtai.Applicationof multi-objective genetic algori-thm to integratedplant/controller optimization for active guide rollerdesign[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2006,19(2):227-233.(in Chinese)
[13]吕永桂,陈凯,魏燕定.智能杆致动器优化配置及扭振主动控制试验[J].振动、测试与诊断,2010,30(4):400-404.LüYonggui,Chen Kai,Wei Yanding.Inte-lligentactuator placement and active torsional vibrationcontrol experiment on a circular tube[J].Journal ofVibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2010,30(4):400-404.(in Chinese)
[14]蓝发超,王洪.基于Matlab的遗传算法程序设计[J].广西物理,2008(1):32-34.Lan Fachao,Wang Hong.Genetic algorithm programdesign based on the Matlab[J].Guangxi Physics,2008(1):32-34.(in Chinese)
[15]徐浩,陈怀海,游伟倩.多输入多输出冲击振动试验研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2010,30(2):143-148.Xu Hao,Chen Huaihai,You Weiqian.Input signalidentification in multipleinput and multiple-outputshock vibration test[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2010,30(2):143-148.(in Chinese)
[2]支旭东,范峰,沈世钊.单层球面网壳在地震下的响应特性与失效机理[J].世界地震工程,2007(4):88-94.Zhi Xudong,Fan Feng,Shen Shizhao.Responses andfailure mechanism of the single-layer reticular domessubjected to earthquake motion[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2007(4):88-94.(inChinese)
[3]Nana Nbendjo B R,Woafo P.Active control withdelay of horseshoes chaos using piezoel-ectricabsorber on a buckled beam under parametricexcitation[J].Chaos,Solitons&Fractals,2007,32(1):73-79.
[4]欧进萍.结构振动控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:39-44.
[5]翁光远.大跨空间网壳结构地震响应分析及振动控制研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011.
[6]侯志伟,陈仁文,徐志伟,等.压电纤维复合材料在结构减振中的应用[J].振动、测试与诊断,2010,30(1):51-54.Hou Zhiwei,Chen Renwen,Xu Zhiwei,et al.Application of macro-fiber composite to structuralvibration suppression[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2010,30(1):51-54.(inChinese)
[7]Ray M C,Mallik N.Active control of laminatedcomposite beams using a piezoelec-tric fiber reinforcedcomposite layer[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2004,13(1):146-152.
[8]王社良,马乾瑛,朱军强,等.一种压电套筒式拉压双向受力主动抗震控制装置[P]:中国,101736829A[P].2010-07-07.
[9]李东旭.大型挠性空间桁架结构动力学分析与模糊振动控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:121-179.
[10]Birman V.Active control of composite plates usingpiezoelectric stiffeners[J].International Journal ofMechanical Sciences,1993,35(5):387-396.
[11]唐文艳.结构优化中的遗传算法研究和应用[D].大连:大连理工大学,2002.
[12]傅武军,朱昌明,叶庆泰.多目标遗传算法在电梯主动导轮系统集成优化设计中的应用[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(2):227-233.Fu Wujun,Zhu Changming,Ye Qingtai.Applicationof multi-objective genetic algori-thm to integratedplant/controller optimization for active guide rollerdesign[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2006,19(2):227-233.(in Chinese)
[13]吕永桂,陈凯,魏燕定.智能杆致动器优化配置及扭振主动控制试验[J].振动、测试与诊断,2010,30(4):400-404.LüYonggui,Chen Kai,Wei Yanding.Inte-lligentactuator placement and active torsional vibrationcontrol experiment on a circular tube[J].Journal ofVibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2010,30(4):400-404.(in Chinese)
[14]蓝发超,王洪.基于Matlab的遗传算法程序设计[J].广西物理,2008(1):32-34.Lan Fachao,Wang Hong.Genetic algorithm programdesign based on the Matlab[J].Guangxi Physics,2008(1):32-34.(in Chinese)
[15]徐浩,陈怀海,游伟倩.多输入多输出冲击振动试验研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2010,30(2):143-148.Xu Hao,Chen Huaihai,You Weiqian.Input signalidentification in multipleinput and multiple-outputshock vibration test[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2010,30(2):143-148.(in Chinese)
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