晃动的流体对渡槽结构振动的抑制与放大效应
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摘要
对渡槽结构横向流-固耦合动力特性及其幅频响应特性进行了较为详尽的分析,分析表明:①结构体系存在二个横向振动固有振动频率ω1、ω2,当系统以较小的频率ω1(同相位频率)振动时,结构振动的方向与流体的晃动方向一致;当系统以较大的频率ω2(异相位频率)振动时,结构振动的方向与流体的晃动方向相反。②当外动力荷载的频率(或卓越频率)与ω1(或ω2)接近时,结构体系会发生共振反应,流体对结构振动会产生放大效应。③渡槽结构体系还存在一个特殊的振动频率ω3,当外动力荷载的频率(或卓越频率)与ω3接近时,晃动的流体对结构起到减振的作用。④渡槽内的流体质量可以分为固定质量与晃动质量两部分,其中固定质量会加大结构顶端的动力惯性反应,可能会对结构安全构成不利影响。
The transverse dynamic characteristics and frequency-amplitude response properties of an aqueduct system with fluid-structure interaction was analyzed in details.The results showed that: 1.the fluid-structure coupled system has two transverse fundamental frequencies ω1 and ω2;with the lower frequency ω1,the structure and fluid of the system vibrate in the same phase angle,and with the higher frequency ω2.the structure and fluid of the system vibrate in the inverse phase angle;2 when the frequency(or predominant frequency) of the external excitation is close to ω1(or ω2),the system resonates;the fluid has an amplification effect on the structural vibration;3.the fluid-structure coupled system has a special frequency ω3;when the frequency(or predominant frequency) of the excitation is close to ω3,the sloshing fluid has a reduction effect on the structural vibration;4.the fluid mass in the aqueduct can be divided into a fixed mass and a sloshing mass;the fixed mass adds the structural inertia response at the top,it may be harmful to the structural safety.
The transverse dynamic characteristics and frequency-amplitude response properties of an aqueduct system with fluid-structure interaction was analyzed in details.The results showed that: 1.the fluid-structure coupled system has two transverse fundamental frequencies ω1 and ω2;with the lower frequency ω1,the structure and fluid of the system vibrate in the same phase angle,and with the higher frequency ω2.the structure and fluid of the system vibrate in the inverse phase angle;2 when the frequency(or predominant frequency) of the external excitation is close to ω1(or ω2),the system resonates;the fluid has an amplification effect on the structural vibration;3.the fluid-structure coupled system has a special frequency ω3;when the frequency(or predominant frequency) of the excitation is close to ω3,the sloshing fluid has a reduction effect on the structural vibration;4.the fluid mass in the aqueduct can be divided into a fixed mass and a sloshing mass;the fixed mass adds the structural inertia response at the top,it may be harmful to the structural safety.
引文
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[11]Ikeda T,Nakayama N.Nonlinear vibration of a structurescaused by water sloshing in a rectangular tank[J].Journal ofSound and Vibration,1997,201(1):23-41.
[2]吴轶,莫海鸿,杨春.三维排架渡槽中水的调频液体阻尼效应[J].水利学报,2005(9):1115-1120.
[3]季日臣,夏修身,陈尧隆,等.考虑流一固藕合梁式矩形渡槽横向地震响应研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(3):328-333.
[4]Wakahara T,Ohyama T,Fujii K.Suppression of wind-inducedvibration of a tall building using tuned liquid damper[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,43(1-3):1895-1906.
[5]Sun L M,Fujino Y,Pacheco B M,et al.Modeling of turnedliquid damper[J].Journal of Wind Engineering andIndustrial Aerodynamics,1992,41(44):1883-1894.
[6]Li Y C,Luo L R.Wind-destroyed mechanism analyses ofthree aqueduct bridges[C].Proceedings of the 12thInternational Conference on Wind Engineering,Cairns,Australia,2007:1535-1542.
[7]李遇春.某双悬臂渡槽风致破坏原因分析[J].同济大学学报,2008,36(11):1485-1489.
[8]李遇春,楼梦麟,尚伟,等.大型渡槽抗震分析中流体的位移有限元模式[J].水利学报,2003(2):93-97.
[9]Ibrahim R A.Liquid sloshing dynamics(theory andapplications)[M].Cambridge University Press,2005.
[10]Housner G W.Dynamic pressure on accelerated containers[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1957,47(1):15-35.
[11]Ikeda T,Nakayama N.Nonlinear vibration of a structurescaused by water sloshing in a rectangular tank[J].Journal ofSound and Vibration,1997,201(1):23-41.
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