应急遥感快速制图技术研究
|
摘要
应急遥感快速制图是灾害发生初期应急决策和应急救援的重要支撑。为了解决现有遥感制图技术存在的时效性差、规范性低、内容针对性不强等问题,在快速制图应急预案的指导和保障下,分析了快速制图的需求、内容、制图流程等,优化了遥感数据快速处理算法,预制了标准化制图模板,并将专家知识归纳总结为计算机可识别的规则与指标。减灾业务应用实践表明,快速制图技术有效提高了制图效率和标准化水平。
Emergency-response-oriented rapid mapping can respond to emergent natural disasters quickly and provide timely,intuitive and reliable services for emergency decision and relief.The timeliness and normativeness in current cartography are low and can't meet the need of the emergency.To solve the problem,the authors have prepared a detailed emergency plan for rapid mapping to explain the purpose,content,staff organization and process.The plan can tighten regulations when the disaster occurs.At the same time,the processing algorithms of remote sensing data are optimized and the mapping templates are prepared for different kinds of disasters.The comprehensive knowledge from experts and technical staff was summarized and inverted into rules and indexes which can be recognized by the computer so as to achieve the automatic and rapid cartography.
Emergency-response-oriented rapid mapping can respond to emergent natural disasters quickly and provide timely,intuitive and reliable services for emergency decision and relief.The timeliness and normativeness in current cartography are low and can't meet the need of the emergency.To solve the problem,the authors have prepared a detailed emergency plan for rapid mapping to explain the purpose,content,staff organization and process.The plan can tighten regulations when the disaster occurs.At the same time,the processing algorithms of remote sensing data are optimized and the mapping templates are prepared for different kinds of disasters.The comprehensive knowledge from experts and technical staff was summarized and inverted into rules and indexes which can be recognized by the computer so as to achieve the automatic and rapid cartography.
引文
[1]范一大,杨思全,王磊,等.汶川地震应急监测评估方法研究[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):858-863.Fan Y D,Yang S Q,Wang L,et al.Study on Urgent Monitoring andAssessment in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sens-ing,2008,12(6):858-863(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[2]童立强.“5.12”汶川大地震极重灾区地震堰塞湖应急遥感调查[J].国土资源遥感,2008(3):65-68.Tong L Q.Emergency Remote Sensing Investigation of Barrier Lakes at the Quake Center Area Caused by“5.12”Wenchuan Strong Earthquake[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2008(3):65-68(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[3]童立强,张晓坤,李曼,等.“6.28”关岭滑坡特大地质灾害应急遥感调查研究[J].国土资源遥感,2010(3):65-68.Tong L Q,Zhang X K,Li M,et al.Emergency Remote Sensing Re-search on Superlarge Geological Disasters Caused by“6.28”Guanling Landslide[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2010(3):65-68(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[4]王丽涛,王世新,周艺,等.青海玉树地震灾情遥感应急监测分析[J].遥感学报,2010,14(5):1060-1066.Wang L T,Wang S X,Zhou Y,et al.Urgent Monitoring and Analy-sis on Yushu Earthquake Using Remote Sensing[J].Journal of Re-mote Sensing,2010,14(5):1060-1066(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[5]杨思全.空间信息技术在法国减灾工作中的应用[J].中国减灾,2005(5):44-46.Yang S Q.Application of Space Information Technology in France Disaster Reduction[J].Disaster Reduction in China,2005(5):44-46(in Chinese).
[6]丁军,王丹.用于震害研究的遥感资料航摄与影像图制作技术[J].国土资源遥感,1995,4(26):56-62.Ding J,Wang D.Photographic Flight and Photomap Production for Research of Seismic Hazards[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,1995,4(26):56-62(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[7]赵晓丽,李家存,屈新原,等.地震及其次生灾害灾情专题图制图模板研究[J].地理空间信息,2011,9(3):153-155.Zhao X L,Li J C,Qu X Y,et al.Research of Disaster Information Mapping Templates of Earthquake and the Secondary Disasters[J].Geospatial Information,2011,9(3):153-155(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[8]屈新原,李家存,赵晓丽,等.面向灾害遥感快速制图的关键技术[J].地理空间信息,2011,9(5):112-114.Qu X Y,Li J C,Zhao X L,et al.Critical Techniques of Disaster-oriented Remote Sensing Quick Mapping[J].Geospatial Informa-tion,2011,9(5):112-114(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[9]黄毅宇,李响.基于情景分析的突发事件应急预案编制方法初探[J].安全与环境工程,2011,18(2):56-59.Huang Y Y,Li X.Preliminary Exploration on Scenario-based Contingency Planning[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2011,18(2):56-59(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[10]曹玲玲,张永梅.基于多项式的遥感图像快速几何校正[J].电脑开发与应用,2011,24(1):5-8.Cao L L,Zhang Y M.The Rapid Geometric Correction of Remote Sensing Images Based on Polynomial Transform[J].Computer De-velopment and Applications,2011,24(1):5-8(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[11]黄亮,左小清,冯冲.基于Canny算法的面向对象影像分割[J].国土资源遥感,2011(4):26-30.Huang L,Zuo X Q,Feng C.Object-oriented Image Segmentation Based on Canny Algorithm[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2011(4):26-30(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[12]周海燕,华一新.GIS中定量专题制图模板的研究与实践[J].测绘通报,2000(10):9-11.Zhou H Y,Hua Y X.Quantitative Thematic Mapping Guide in GIS:Study and Practice[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2000(10):9-11(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[13]王振宇,周兴华,谢毅.农用地分等汇总制图综合知识规则的建立[J].国土资源管理,2006,23(5):83-86.Wang Z Y,Zhou X H,Xie Y.Establishment of Knowledge Rules for Generalization of Farmland Classification Integration[J].Scien-tific and Technological Management of Land and Resources,2006,23(5):83-86(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[14]齐清文,姜莉莉.面向地理特征的制图综合指标体系和知识法则的建立与应用研究[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(s1):1-13.Qi Q W,Jiang L L.Research on the Index System and Knowledge Rules for Geographic-Feature-Oriented Generalization[J].Progress in Geography,2001,20(s1):1-13(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[2]童立强.“5.12”汶川大地震极重灾区地震堰塞湖应急遥感调查[J].国土资源遥感,2008(3):65-68.Tong L Q.Emergency Remote Sensing Investigation of Barrier Lakes at the Quake Center Area Caused by“5.12”Wenchuan Strong Earthquake[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2008(3):65-68(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[3]童立强,张晓坤,李曼,等.“6.28”关岭滑坡特大地质灾害应急遥感调查研究[J].国土资源遥感,2010(3):65-68.Tong L Q,Zhang X K,Li M,et al.Emergency Remote Sensing Re-search on Superlarge Geological Disasters Caused by“6.28”Guanling Landslide[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2010(3):65-68(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[4]王丽涛,王世新,周艺,等.青海玉树地震灾情遥感应急监测分析[J].遥感学报,2010,14(5):1060-1066.Wang L T,Wang S X,Zhou Y,et al.Urgent Monitoring and Analy-sis on Yushu Earthquake Using Remote Sensing[J].Journal of Re-mote Sensing,2010,14(5):1060-1066(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[5]杨思全.空间信息技术在法国减灾工作中的应用[J].中国减灾,2005(5):44-46.Yang S Q.Application of Space Information Technology in France Disaster Reduction[J].Disaster Reduction in China,2005(5):44-46(in Chinese).
[6]丁军,王丹.用于震害研究的遥感资料航摄与影像图制作技术[J].国土资源遥感,1995,4(26):56-62.Ding J,Wang D.Photographic Flight and Photomap Production for Research of Seismic Hazards[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,1995,4(26):56-62(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[7]赵晓丽,李家存,屈新原,等.地震及其次生灾害灾情专题图制图模板研究[J].地理空间信息,2011,9(3):153-155.Zhao X L,Li J C,Qu X Y,et al.Research of Disaster Information Mapping Templates of Earthquake and the Secondary Disasters[J].Geospatial Information,2011,9(3):153-155(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[8]屈新原,李家存,赵晓丽,等.面向灾害遥感快速制图的关键技术[J].地理空间信息,2011,9(5):112-114.Qu X Y,Li J C,Zhao X L,et al.Critical Techniques of Disaster-oriented Remote Sensing Quick Mapping[J].Geospatial Informa-tion,2011,9(5):112-114(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[9]黄毅宇,李响.基于情景分析的突发事件应急预案编制方法初探[J].安全与环境工程,2011,18(2):56-59.Huang Y Y,Li X.Preliminary Exploration on Scenario-based Contingency Planning[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2011,18(2):56-59(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[10]曹玲玲,张永梅.基于多项式的遥感图像快速几何校正[J].电脑开发与应用,2011,24(1):5-8.Cao L L,Zhang Y M.The Rapid Geometric Correction of Remote Sensing Images Based on Polynomial Transform[J].Computer De-velopment and Applications,2011,24(1):5-8(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[11]黄亮,左小清,冯冲.基于Canny算法的面向对象影像分割[J].国土资源遥感,2011(4):26-30.Huang L,Zuo X Q,Feng C.Object-oriented Image Segmentation Based on Canny Algorithm[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2011(4):26-30(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[12]周海燕,华一新.GIS中定量专题制图模板的研究与实践[J].测绘通报,2000(10):9-11.Zhou H Y,Hua Y X.Quantitative Thematic Mapping Guide in GIS:Study and Practice[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2000(10):9-11(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[13]王振宇,周兴华,谢毅.农用地分等汇总制图综合知识规则的建立[J].国土资源管理,2006,23(5):83-86.Wang Z Y,Zhou X H,Xie Y.Establishment of Knowledge Rules for Generalization of Farmland Classification Integration[J].Scien-tific and Technological Management of Land and Resources,2006,23(5):83-86(in Chinese with English Abstract).
[14]齐清文,姜莉莉.面向地理特征的制图综合指标体系和知识法则的建立与应用研究[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(s1):1-13.Qi Q W,Jiang L L.Research on the Index System and Knowledge Rules for Geographic-Feature-Oriented Generalization[J].Progress in Geography,2001,20(s1):1-13(in Chinese with English Abstract).
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心