隔震和消能减震与常规抗震的对比分析
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摘要
介绍了建筑结构常规抗震、隔震及消能减震的原理和特点,并从安全、减震效果、适用范围和经济性四个方面对三者的优缺点进行了比较和分析。相对于常规抗震,隔震和消能减震技术使用范围降低,但是可以减少结构损伤,并且能够提高结构安全性和减震效果,降低工程的全寿命周期成本。为了达到建筑结构(尤其是中小学建筑和救灾关键建筑)的大震性能目标,隔震、消能减震设计同常规抗震设计相结合的方法将是一个更加合理的抗震设计方法,它可以使设计出的建筑物同时满足安全、适用和经济的要求,值得在我国地震多发地区推广应用。
In this paper,the principle and characteristic of the structural conventional anti-seismic,vibration isolation and energy dissipation are briefly introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods from security,damping effect,applicable scope and economy are analyzed.Compared with the conventional seismic,vibration isolation and energy dissipation technology may decrease applicable scope,but improve the safety of structures and shock absorption effect,and lessen the project life cycle cost(LCC).In order to achieve large earthquake performance objective of building structure(particularly elementary and middle schools construction),combining vibration isolation,energy dissipation and convention aseismic design as one,which can cause the building simultaneously to satisfy the request of security,suitable and economical,will be a more reasonable aseismic design method,and it is worth promotion and application in the earthquake-prone area of our country.
In this paper,the principle and characteristic of the structural conventional anti-seismic,vibration isolation and energy dissipation are briefly introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods from security,damping effect,applicable scope and economy are analyzed.Compared with the conventional seismic,vibration isolation and energy dissipation technology may decrease applicable scope,but improve the safety of structures and shock absorption effect,and lessen the project life cycle cost(LCC).In order to achieve large earthquake performance objective of building structure(particularly elementary and middle schools construction),combining vibration isolation,energy dissipation and convention aseismic design as one,which can cause the building simultaneously to satisfy the request of security,suitable and economical,will be a more reasonable aseismic design method,and it is worth promotion and application in the earthquake-prone area of our country.
引文
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[15]李翔,吕西林,李建中,等.汶川地震中广元市底层框架结构房屋震害调查与分析[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):12～15Li Xiang,Lu Xi-lin,Li Jian-zhong,et al.DamageInvestigation and Analysis of Multistory MasonryBuildings Supported by RC Frames in Guangyuan afterWenchuan Earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2008,24(3):12～15(in Chinese)
[16]邓雪松,汤统壁,周云,等.耗能减震钢结构性能水准与目标的初步研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(1):104～109Deng Xue-song,Tang Tong-bi,Zhou Yun,et al.Preliminary Research of Performance Levels andObjectives for Steel Structure with Energy DissipatedDampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2008,28(1):104～109(inChinese)
[17]李国强,陈素文.从汶川地震灾害看钢结构在地震区的应用[J].建筑钢结构进展,2008,10(4):10～7Li Guo-qiang,Chen Su-wen.From the Damage byWenchuan Earthquake to the Application of SteelBuilding in Seismic Zone[J].Progress in Steel BuildingStructures,2008,10(4):10～7(in Chinese)
[18]易良.东汽工业建筑震害调查及初步分析[J].地震科学,2009,25(9):95～99Yi Liang.Damages Survey and Brief Analysis onIndustrial Buildings in the Oriental Steam Turbine Co.Ltd[J].Building Science,2009,25(9):95～99(inChinese)
[19]陈永祁,王静,刘林.国外减隔震桥梁的失效分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(5):41～47Chen Yong-qi,Wang Jing,Liu Lin.Failure Analysis ofOverseas Seismic Isolated Bridges[J].EarthquakeResistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2008,30(5):41～47(in Chinese)
[20]FEMA 368,NEHRP Recommended Provisions forSeismicregulations for New Buildings and OtherStructures[S].Washington D.C.:Building SeismicSafety Council,2001
[21]Masahito Kibayashi,Kazuhiko Kasai.JSSI ManuaforBuilding Passive Control Technology,Part 2-Criteria forOmplementation of Energy Dissipation Devices[A].13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004:990～999
[22]姚侃,赵鸿铁.木构古建筑柱与柱础的摩擦滑移隔震机理研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):127～131Yao Kan,Zhao Hong-tie.Study on the Mechanism ofSliding Friction Shock Isolation bentween TimberColumn and Plinth in Histrorical Buildings[J].Engineering Mechanic,2006,23(8):127～131(inChinese)
[23]张文芳,贾淑贤,李国胜.一种全密封锁位型摩擦阻尼隔震支座的试验研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(11):95～105Zhang Wen-fang,Jia Shu-xian,Li Guo-sheng.Experimental Researches on the Slide-damping Isolatorwith Sealing Cover and Displacement LimitedComponents[J],Engineering Mechanic,2009,26(11):95～105(in Chinese)
[24]袁发顺,刘郁馨.隔层悬挂楼盖的新型抗震结构体系[J].南京建筑工程学院学报,1996,3:29～34Yuan Fa-shun,Liu Yu-xin.A New Type of Anti-seismic Structure Systems with Every Other FloorSuspended[J].Journal of Nanjing Architectural andCivil Engineering Institute,1996,3:29～34(inChinese)
[25]叶列平,马千里,程光煜,张文华,魏捷.西部机电科技商务中心钢结构消能减震计算分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(3):22～27Ye Lie-ping,Ma Qian-li,Cheng Guang-yu,et al.Aseismic Analysis of Western Machine TechnologyBusiness Centre with Energy Dissipation Braces[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(3):22～27(in Chinese)
[26]Yang G,Spencer B F Jr,Carlson J D.Large-scale MRFluid Dampers:Modeling and Dynamic PerformanceConsiderations[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(1):309～323
[27]Hansion R D,Soong T T.Seismic Design withSupplemental Energy Dissipation Devices[M].EERI,NN-8,2001
[28]GB 50011-2001,建筑结构抗震规范[S]GB50011-2001,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[2]Constantinou M C,Soong T T,Dargus G F.Passive Energy Dissipation Systems In Structural Engineering[M].MCEER Monograph,Multidisciplinary Center ForEarthquake Engineering Research,Buffalo,New York,1998
[3]Soong T T,Dargush G F.Passive Energy DissipationSystems In Structural Engineering[M].New York:JohnWiley&Sons,1997
[4]周锡元,阎维明,杨润林.建筑结构的隔震、减振和振动控制[J].建筑结构学报,2002,23(2):2～12Zhou Xi-yuan,Yan Wei-ming,Yang Ren-lin.Seismic Base Isolation,Energy Dissipation And Vibra-tionControl of Building Structures[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2002,23(2):2～12(in Chinese)
[5]Constantinou M C,Whittaker A S,Kalpakid Y,et al.Performance of Seismic Isolation Hardware under Serviceand Seismic Loading[R].June 30,2007 TechnicalReport MCEER-07-0012
[6]李爱群.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007Li Ai-qun.Structural Vibration Control[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2007(in Chinese)
[7]欧进萍.结构振动控制:主动、半主动和智能控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003Ou Jin-ping.Structural Vibration Control:ActiveControl,Semi-Active Control and Intelligent Control[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003(in Chinese)
[8]Chen Yong-qi,Cao Tie-zhu,Ma Liang-zhe,et al.Seismic Protection System and Its Economic Analysis onthe Beijing High-rise Building Pangu Payza[A].14WCEE[C].Beijing,2008,No.05-01-0529
[9]Chen Yong-qi,Ma Liang-zhe,Cao Tie-zhu,et al.ShockControl of Bridges in China Using Taylor Devices'FluidViscous Devices[A].14WCEE[C].Beijing,2008,No.S25～022
[10]陈永祁,杜义新.液体黏滞阻尼器在结构工程中的最新进展[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2006,28(3):65～72Chen Yong-qi,Du Yi-xin.Latest Development of theFluid Viscous Damper in Civil Engineer[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering And Retrofitting,2006,28(3):65～72(in Chinese)
[11]李碧雄,雷涛,邓建辉,等.汶川地震中学校建筑震害研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(3):172～179Li Bi-xiong,Lei Tao,Deng Jian-hui,et al.Inves-tigation on the Damage of School Buildings duringWenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of SichuanUniversity(Engineering Science Edition),2009,41(3):172～179(in Chinese)
[12]Li Bi-xiong,Wang Zhe,Khalid M M,et al.WenchuanEarthquake Field Reconnaissance on ReinforcedConcrete Framed Buildingswith and WithoutmasonryInfillwalls[A].The 14th World Conference onEarthquake Engineering[C].Beijing,2008.S31～35
[13]莫庸,金建民,杜永峰,等.小高层建筑填充墙震害和抗震设计的初步探讨—5.12汶川大地震甘肃陇南地区框架及框剪结构震害考察及抗震设计思考[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(4):56～59Mo Yong,Jin Jian-min,Du Yong-feng,et al.A Probein Seismic Damage and Seismic Design for Filler Wallsof Small High-rise Buildings——Thoughts on Survey ofSeismic Damage and Seismic Design of Frame Structureand Shearwall Frame Interaction in Longnan RegionDuring Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12th[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering And Retrofitting,2008,30(4):56～59(in Chinese)
[14]Li Bi-xiong,Khalid M M,et al.Analysis of StairwellsPerformance and Damage during Wenchuan Earthquake[A].Proceedings of the 14th World Conference onEarthquake Engineering(14WCEE)[C].Beijing,2008,No.S31～005
[15]李翔,吕西林,李建中,等.汶川地震中广元市底层框架结构房屋震害调查与分析[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):12～15Li Xiang,Lu Xi-lin,Li Jian-zhong,et al.DamageInvestigation and Analysis of Multistory MasonryBuildings Supported by RC Frames in Guangyuan afterWenchuan Earthquake[J].Structural Engineers,2008,24(3):12～15(in Chinese)
[16]邓雪松,汤统壁,周云,等.耗能减震钢结构性能水准与目标的初步研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(1):104～109Deng Xue-song,Tang Tong-bi,Zhou Yun,et al.Preliminary Research of Performance Levels andObjectives for Steel Structure with Energy DissipatedDampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention andMitigation Engineering,2008,28(1):104～109(inChinese)
[17]李国强,陈素文.从汶川地震灾害看钢结构在地震区的应用[J].建筑钢结构进展,2008,10(4):10～7Li Guo-qiang,Chen Su-wen.From the Damage byWenchuan Earthquake to the Application of SteelBuilding in Seismic Zone[J].Progress in Steel BuildingStructures,2008,10(4):10～7(in Chinese)
[18]易良.东汽工业建筑震害调查及初步分析[J].地震科学,2009,25(9):95～99Yi Liang.Damages Survey and Brief Analysis onIndustrial Buildings in the Oriental Steam Turbine Co.Ltd[J].Building Science,2009,25(9):95～99(inChinese)
[19]陈永祁,王静,刘林.国外减隔震桥梁的失效分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(5):41～47Chen Yong-qi,Wang Jing,Liu Lin.Failure Analysis ofOverseas Seismic Isolated Bridges[J].EarthquakeResistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2008,30(5):41～47(in Chinese)
[20]FEMA 368,NEHRP Recommended Provisions forSeismicregulations for New Buildings and OtherStructures[S].Washington D.C.:Building SeismicSafety Council,2001
[21]Masahito Kibayashi,Kazuhiko Kasai.JSSI ManuaforBuilding Passive Control Technology,Part 2-Criteria forOmplementation of Energy Dissipation Devices[A].13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004:990～999
[22]姚侃,赵鸿铁.木构古建筑柱与柱础的摩擦滑移隔震机理研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):127～131Yao Kan,Zhao Hong-tie.Study on the Mechanism ofSliding Friction Shock Isolation bentween TimberColumn and Plinth in Histrorical Buildings[J].Engineering Mechanic,2006,23(8):127～131(inChinese)
[23]张文芳,贾淑贤,李国胜.一种全密封锁位型摩擦阻尼隔震支座的试验研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(11):95～105Zhang Wen-fang,Jia Shu-xian,Li Guo-sheng.Experimental Researches on the Slide-damping Isolatorwith Sealing Cover and Displacement LimitedComponents[J],Engineering Mechanic,2009,26(11):95～105(in Chinese)
[24]袁发顺,刘郁馨.隔层悬挂楼盖的新型抗震结构体系[J].南京建筑工程学院学报,1996,3:29～34Yuan Fa-shun,Liu Yu-xin.A New Type of Anti-seismic Structure Systems with Every Other FloorSuspended[J].Journal of Nanjing Architectural andCivil Engineering Institute,1996,3:29～34(inChinese)
[25]叶列平,马千里,程光煜,张文华,魏捷.西部机电科技商务中心钢结构消能减震计算分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(3):22～27Ye Lie-ping,Ma Qian-li,Cheng Guang-yu,et al.Aseismic Analysis of Western Machine TechnologyBusiness Centre with Energy Dissipation Braces[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(3):22～27(in Chinese)
[26]Yang G,Spencer B F Jr,Carlson J D.Large-scale MRFluid Dampers:Modeling and Dynamic PerformanceConsiderations[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(1):309～323
[27]Hansion R D,Soong T T.Seismic Design withSupplemental Energy Dissipation Devices[M].EERI,NN-8,2001
[28]GB 50011-2001,建筑结构抗震规范[S]GB50011-2001,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
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