中国村镇民居的建造习惯与抗震性能评析
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摘要
针对中国新农村建设和抗震救灾、农房重建、加固改造等工作中缺乏反映农村民居现状基础数据的问题,在全国19个省、市、自治区68个行政村,对354户村镇民居建筑开展抗震性能的调研。运用分类归纳总结的方法分析调研数据,研究不同结构形式村镇民居建筑的建造习惯与施工工艺,讨论民居建筑在正常使用时和地震后的典型破坏特征,评析中国既有村镇民居建筑抗震性能现状,指出村镇民居在抗震设计、构造、施工中存在的问题,并剖析其原因;提出一些提高村镇建筑抗震性能的措施和建议,为村镇民居建筑的建设、加固改造工作提供参考。
Because of being lack of basic data for the status of the rural residential areas in new rural construction,and rebuilding,reinforcing and earthquake rescuing rural houses,this paper investigated the figures from 354 households of 68 administrative villages in national 19 provinces,cities or autonomous regions,summarized the construction habituation and technology process of different structural forms,discussed the typical damage feature of buildings in normal use and the typical damage features caused by earthquakes,assessed the seismic behavior of the buildings,pointed out the problems on designing and construction,and proposed some measures to strengthen the seismic performance in order to make a reference for constructing or strengthening the village and town buildings.1 tab,19 figs,6 refs.
Because of being lack of basic data for the status of the rural residential areas in new rural construction,and rebuilding,reinforcing and earthquake rescuing rural houses,this paper investigated the figures from 354 households of 68 administrative villages in national 19 provinces,cities or autonomous regions,summarized the construction habituation and technology process of different structural forms,discussed the typical damage feature of buildings in normal use and the typical damage features caused by earthquakes,assessed the seismic behavior of the buildings,pointed out the problems on designing and construction,and proposed some measures to strengthen the seismic performance in order to make a reference for constructing or strengthening the village and town buildings.1 tab,19 figs,6 refs.
引文
[1]朱元祥,李航飞,孙东晓.“5.12”汶川地震后陕西宝鸡陈仓区建筑物震害调查与分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):116-120.ZHU Yuan-xiang,LI Hang-fei,SUN Dong-xiao.Dam-age investigation and analysis of buildings in Chen-cang county of Baoji City Shaanxi Province after“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Architectureand Civil Engineering,2009,26(2):116-120.
[2]刘挺,王毅红,石坚.生土墙承重的村镇房屋施工技术分析[J].建筑技术开发,2006,33(1):54-56.LI U Ting,WANG Yi-hong,SHI Jian.Analysis onconstruction technology of village and town withearth walls[J].Building Technique Development,2006,33(1):54-56.
[3]王毅红,苏东君,刘伯权,等.生土结构房屋的承重夯土墙体抗震性能试验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(4):451-456.WANG Yi-hong,SU Dong-jun,LI U Bo-quan,et al.Study on the seismic behavior of raw-soil structure with rammed earth wall[J].Journal of Xi an Univer-sity of Architecture&Technology:Natural ScienceEdition,2007,39(4):451-456.
[4]于文,葛学礼,朱立新.四川汶川8.0级地震都江堰周边村镇房屋震害分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(4):45-49.YU Wen,GE Xue-li,ZHU Li-xin.Damage analysis onbuildings in towns and villages around Dujiangyan ofWenchuan ms 8.0 earthquake[J].Earthquake Resist-ant Engineering and Retrofitting,2008,30(4):45-49.
[5]袁中夏,谭明,马占虎.汶川大地震四川省青川县砖混结构村镇房屋震害分析[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(4):317-325.YUAN Zhong-xia,TAN Ming,MA Zhan-hu.Dama-ges on brick-concrete rural buildings in Qingchuancounty Sichuan Province during the great Wenchuanearthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2008,30(4):317-325.
[6]葛学礼,朱立新,申世元,等.村镇木构架土坯围护墙房屋足尺模型振动台实验研究[C]//第七届全国地震工程学术会议组委会.第七届全国地震工程学术会议论文集.北京:地震出版社,2006:56-61.
[2]刘挺,王毅红,石坚.生土墙承重的村镇房屋施工技术分析[J].建筑技术开发,2006,33(1):54-56.LI U Ting,WANG Yi-hong,SHI Jian.Analysis onconstruction technology of village and town withearth walls[J].Building Technique Development,2006,33(1):54-56.
[3]王毅红,苏东君,刘伯权,等.生土结构房屋的承重夯土墙体抗震性能试验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(4):451-456.WANG Yi-hong,SU Dong-jun,LI U Bo-quan,et al.Study on the seismic behavior of raw-soil structure with rammed earth wall[J].Journal of Xi an Univer-sity of Architecture&Technology:Natural ScienceEdition,2007,39(4):451-456.
[4]于文,葛学礼,朱立新.四川汶川8.0级地震都江堰周边村镇房屋震害分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(4):45-49.YU Wen,GE Xue-li,ZHU Li-xin.Damage analysis onbuildings in towns and villages around Dujiangyan ofWenchuan ms 8.0 earthquake[J].Earthquake Resist-ant Engineering and Retrofitting,2008,30(4):45-49.
[5]袁中夏,谭明,马占虎.汶川大地震四川省青川县砖混结构村镇房屋震害分析[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(4):317-325.YUAN Zhong-xia,TAN Ming,MA Zhan-hu.Dama-ges on brick-concrete rural buildings in Qingchuancounty Sichuan Province during the great Wenchuanearthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2008,30(4):317-325.
[6]葛学礼,朱立新,申世元,等.村镇木构架土坯围护墙房屋足尺模型振动台实验研究[C]//第七届全国地震工程学术会议组委会.第七届全国地震工程学术会议论文集.北京:地震出版社,2006:56-61.
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