水工建筑物抗震设计规范修编的若干问题研究
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摘要
本文概述了我国水工建筑物抗震设计规范修编的依据,工程背景,指导思想,主要变动内容及关键问题。阐明了本次修编的必要性和可行性。修编遵循的指导思想为:水工建筑物抗震安全性评价包括地震动输入、结构地震响应、结构抗力三个相互配套部分;"防止遭遇最大可能的极端地震时,发生库水失控下泄、导致严重次生灾害的溃坝灾变"是大坝抗震设计的战略重点。修编中主要变动的内容,包括:增加渡槽、升船机两类建筑物和边坡;对重要大坝按最大可信地震下不发生地震灾变进行校核;对设计烈度7度及以上的1、2级土石坝,同时用有限元法对坝体和坝基进行动力分析,综合判断其抗震安全性;补充了各章的抗震措施;调整个别水工建筑物的结构系数等。对修编中就抗震设防水准框架、设计反应谱、大坝混凝土动态力学特性、土石坝的动力分析等几个关键技术问题,给出了对其进行了专题研究的主要结果、及对其中一些修编规定对不同工程的影响进行了抗震试设计检验的结果。
The basis,engineering background,revision principles,major supplemental contents and key revision issues of the Aseismic Design Codes of Hydraulic Structures in China are briefly introduced in this paper.The revision was based on the lessons learnt from recent earthquakes,especially the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China,and the requirement of prevent any collapse of high dam under the maximum credible earthquake(MCE)was highlighted.The major supplemental contents are outlined,new chapters for aqueduct,ship lift and engineered slope,fortification level of key dams under MCE with controllable water releasing,and FEM dynamic analysis techniques of embankment dams,etc.On the basis of studies,with trial designs of typical dams under the revised code critical technical issues are discussed in details such as specification of MCE,selection of normalized design response spectra and dam concrete's dynamic mechanical properties,and the new stipulation for dynamic response analysis of embankment dams.
The basis,engineering background,revision principles,major supplemental contents and key revision issues of the Aseismic Design Codes of Hydraulic Structures in China are briefly introduced in this paper.The revision was based on the lessons learnt from recent earthquakes,especially the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China,and the requirement of prevent any collapse of high dam under the maximum credible earthquake(MCE)was highlighted.The major supplemental contents are outlined,new chapters for aqueduct,ship lift and engineered slope,fortification level of key dams under MCE with controllable water releasing,and FEM dynamic analysis techniques of embankment dams,etc.On the basis of studies,with trial designs of typical dams under the revised code critical technical issues are discussed in details such as specification of MCE,selection of normalized design response spectra and dam concrete's dynamic mechanical properties,and the new stipulation for dynamic response analysis of embankment dams.
引文
[1]《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》编制组.《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》及条文说明(征求意见稿)[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2011.Revised group of《Seismic Design Cord of Hydraulic Structures》.《Seismic Design Cord of Hydraulic Structures》and explanatory document(draft)[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2011.(in Chinese)
[2]水电水利规划设计总院、中国水利水电科学研究院、大连理工大学、清华大学、中国地震局地球物理研究所.混凝土坝抗震安全评价体系研究,课题研究报告[R].北京:中国水电顾问集团公司,2011.China institute of water resources and hydropower research,Dalian university of technology,Tsinghua university,Institute of geophysics,china earthquake administration.Study on concrete dam seismic safety evaluation system,research report[R].Beijing:China hydropower group,2011.(in Chinese)
[3]陈厚群.水工抗震设计规范和可靠性设计[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(3),163～169.CHEN Houqun.Seismic Design Cord of Hydraulic Structures and reliability design[J].Journal of China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2007,5(3):163～169.(in Chinese)
[4]陈厚群.水工建筑物的抗震设防标准[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.CHEN Houqun.Hydraulic Structure earthquake-proof standard[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[5]陈厚群.大坝抗震设计中的混凝土动态特性[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.CHEN Houqun.Seismic design of concrete dam dynamics[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[6]李德玉.反应谱衰减系数变化对拱坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Response spectrum attenuation coefficient of variation of dynamic response of arch dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[7]李德玉.反应谱衰减系数变化对重力坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Response spectrum attenuation coefficient of variation of dynamic response of gravity dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]李德玉.弹模变化对拱坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Elastic modulus of variation of dynamic response of arch dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[9]李德玉.弹模变化对重力坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Elastic modulus of variation of dynamic response of gravity dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[10]张伯艳.边坡动力稳定分析报告[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.ZHANG Boyan.Dynamic slope stability analysis[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[11]马宗晋,张德成.板块构造基本问题[M].北京:地震出版社,1986.MA Zongjin,ZHANG Decheng,Basic problem of plate tectonics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1986.(in Chinese)
[12]马宗晋,杜品仁.现今地壳运动问题[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.MA Zongjin,DU Pinren,Crustal movement problems[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1995.(in Chinese)
[13]张翠然.重大水利水电工程地震动输入研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2009.ZHANG Cuiran.Major water conservancy and hydropower projects of ground motion input[D].Beijing:Chinainstitute of water resources and hydropower research,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]Abrahamson NA,Silva WJ.Abrahamson&Silva NGA Ground Motion Relations for the Geometric Mean Horizontal Component of Peak and Spectral Ground Motion Parameters[R].Berkeley:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center University of California,1～378.
[2]水电水利规划设计总院、中国水利水电科学研究院、大连理工大学、清华大学、中国地震局地球物理研究所.混凝土坝抗震安全评价体系研究,课题研究报告[R].北京:中国水电顾问集团公司,2011.China institute of water resources and hydropower research,Dalian university of technology,Tsinghua university,Institute of geophysics,china earthquake administration.Study on concrete dam seismic safety evaluation system,research report[R].Beijing:China hydropower group,2011.(in Chinese)
[3]陈厚群.水工抗震设计规范和可靠性设计[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(3),163～169.CHEN Houqun.Seismic Design Cord of Hydraulic Structures and reliability design[J].Journal of China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2007,5(3):163～169.(in Chinese)
[4]陈厚群.水工建筑物的抗震设防标准[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.CHEN Houqun.Hydraulic Structure earthquake-proof standard[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[5]陈厚群.大坝抗震设计中的混凝土动态特性[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.CHEN Houqun.Seismic design of concrete dam dynamics[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[6]李德玉.反应谱衰减系数变化对拱坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Response spectrum attenuation coefficient of variation of dynamic response of arch dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[7]李德玉.反应谱衰减系数变化对重力坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Response spectrum attenuation coefficient of variation of dynamic response of gravity dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]李德玉.弹模变化对拱坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Elastic modulus of variation of dynamic response of arch dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[9]李德玉.弹模变化对重力坝动力反应的影响[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.LI Deyu.Elastic modulus of variation of dynamic response of gravity dams[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[10]张伯艳.边坡动力稳定分析报告[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2010.ZHANG Boyan.Dynamic slope stability analysis[R].Beijing:China institute of water resources and hydropower research,2010.(in Chinese)
[11]马宗晋,张德成.板块构造基本问题[M].北京:地震出版社,1986.MA Zongjin,ZHANG Decheng,Basic problem of plate tectonics[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1986.(in Chinese)
[12]马宗晋,杜品仁.现今地壳运动问题[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.MA Zongjin,DU Pinren,Crustal movement problems[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1995.(in Chinese)
[13]张翠然.重大水利水电工程地震动输入研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2009.ZHANG Cuiran.Major water conservancy and hydropower projects of ground motion input[D].Beijing:Chinainstitute of water resources and hydropower research,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]Abrahamson NA,Silva WJ.Abrahamson&Silva NGA Ground Motion Relations for the Geometric Mean Horizontal Component of Peak and Spectral Ground Motion Parameters[R].Berkeley:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center University of California,1～378.
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