空气间隔器在深孔台阶爆破中的应用
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摘要
叙述了空气间隔器在孔内不同间隔位置对爆破效果的影响,并对相应的爆破机理进行了详细的解释。根据矿山爆破实际,采取了孔口间隔、中间间隔和底部间隔3种不同的空气间隔。顶部使用空气间隔能有效地防止冲孔,但是对减少大块、爆破根底效果不明显;中部使用空气间隔可以有效解决爆破块度问题,但爆破根底仍有残留,同时需另外下发起爆药包,增加了工人的劳动强度。采用底部空气间隔时,在间隔长度H<(14～20)r时,可以减小粉碎区,增大裂隙区,从而有利于克服根底爆破残留。
The blasting aftermath influenced by the set-up locations of air interval charging within the hole was described and the corresponding blasting mechanism was explained in detail as well.Air interval charging was placed at top,middle and bottom positions according to the mine blasting reality.The top air interval charging is effective to lumpiness but useless to bedrock.The middle air interval charging can effectively solve the blasting fragmentation,but leave bedrock remains and extra the labor works due to the additional blasting explosive package.The bottom air interval charging can reduce crushing zone,increase the crack area,and overcome the bedrock blasting residues at the gap length of H<(14~20)r.
The blasting aftermath influenced by the set-up locations of air interval charging within the hole was described and the corresponding blasting mechanism was explained in detail as well.Air interval charging was placed at top,middle and bottom positions according to the mine blasting reality.The top air interval charging is effective to lumpiness but useless to bedrock.The middle air interval charging can effectively solve the blasting fragmentation,but leave bedrock remains and extra the labor works due to the additional blasting explosive package.The bottom air interval charging can reduce crushing zone,increase the crack area,and overcome the bedrock blasting residues at the gap length of H<(14~20)r.
引文
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[2]饶国宁,陈网桦,胡毅亭,等.不同炸药水下能量输出特性的实验研究[J].爆破器材,2007,36(1):9-11.Rao Guoning,Chen Wanghua,Hu Yiting,et al.Experi-mental study underwater energy output characteristics ofdifferent explosives[J].Explosive Materials,2007,36(1):9-11.
[3]傅国龙,庄世勇.自充气式空气间隔器在露天矿深孔爆破中的应用[J].国外金属矿山,2001(1):25-27.Fu Guolong,Zhuang Shiyong.Self-inflatable air spacer inopen pit mine deep hole blasting application[J].MiningEngineering,2001(1):25-27.
[4]翁春林,叶加冕.工程爆破[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2004:122-126.
[5]吴从师,齐宝军,刘宇峰.边坡分段装药包孔的压力变化与爆破效果[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2001,20(4):414-416.Wu Congshi,Qi Baojun,Liu Yufeng.Slope segmentcharge pressure variation of the hole and the blastingeffect[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2001,20(4):414-416.
[6]张树福.露天矿深孔爆破参数的确定[J].呼伦贝尔学院学报,2006,14(5):102-103.Zhang Shufu.Open mine deep hole blasting parameters[J].Journal of Hulunbeier College,2006,14(5):102-103.
[7]颜事龙.现代工程爆破理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007:30-31.
[8]陈庆凯,屠晓利,李贵臣,等.沙土层中爆破地震波传播特性研究[J].爆破器材,2007,36(2):29-32.Chen Qingkai,Tu Xiaoli,Li Guichen,et al.Study onpropagation characteristics of explosive seismic wave inarenaceous soil[J].Explosive Materials,2007,36(2):29-32.
[9]陈国山,戚文革,于春梅,等.露天采矿技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2008:54-55.
[10]惠君明,陈天云.炸药爆炸理论[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1995:85.
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