红外装甲目标检测中背景抑制技术研究
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摘要
鉴于红外装甲目标检测中红外图像对比度低、背景复杂,导致图像的信噪比低而难于进行目标的检测,提出一种基于小波和改进的分形理论相结合的背景抑制方法。针对红外图像呈现的相关性强的特点,利用小波分析将图像中的低频缓变背景滤除,得到包含目标和强边缘杂波的图像;又由于目标分形维数对尺度的敏感程度高于边缘杂波的分形维数,提出通过计算图像在不同尺度内不规则因子的变化率来进一步抑制背景中的边缘杂波。实验表明:该算法能显著提高图像的信噪比(信噪比增益在2左右),对背景边缘有很好的抑制效果。
It is hard to detect the infrared armor target because the background is so complex and the SNR of image is low.Consequently,a new background suppression method is put forward which bases on the wavelet and improved fractal theory.Filtering the low frequency background in image by using wavelet transformation,image with the target and edge clutter can be obtained.Because fractal dimension of target is much more sensitive than that of the edge clutter,so the edge clutter in background can be inhibited by calculating the rate of irregular factor of the image in different scale,so as to achieve a good background suppression effect.Experiment results show that this algorithm can significantly improve image signal-to-noise ratio(GSNR is about 2),and has good inhibition effect on undulate background.
It is hard to detect the infrared armor target because the background is so complex and the SNR of image is low.Consequently,a new background suppression method is put forward which bases on the wavelet and improved fractal theory.Filtering the low frequency background in image by using wavelet transformation,image with the target and edge clutter can be obtained.Because fractal dimension of target is much more sensitive than that of the edge clutter,so the edge clutter in background can be inhibited by calculating the rate of irregular factor of the image in different scale,so as to achieve a good background suppression effect.Experiment results show that this algorithm can significantly improve image signal-to-noise ratio(GSNR is about 2),and has good inhibition effect on undulate background.
引文
[1]汪大宝.复杂背景下的红外弱小目标检测与跟踪技术研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2010.WANG Da-bao.Research on infrared weak small tar-gets detection and tracking technology under complexbackgrounds[D].Xian:Xidian University,2010.(inChinese)
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[8]秦翰林,韦桂峰,周慧鑫,等.基于多尺度反锐化掩膜的红外图像云层背景抑制[J].半导体光电,2011,32(6):877-880.QIN Han-lin,WEI Gui-feng,ZHOU Hui-xin,et al.Multi-scale unsharped masking for infrared imageclouds background suppression[J].SemiconductorOptoelectronics,2011,32(6):877-880.(in Chinesewith an English abstract)
[9]魏颖,王晓哲,史泽林,等.基于小波多尺度扩展分形特征的目标检测方法[J].东北大学学报:2006,27(11):1185-1188.WEI Ying,WANG Xiao-zhe,SHI Ze-lin,et al.Tar-get detection method based on wavelet multi-scaleextended fractal feature[J].Journal of NortheasternUniversity,2006,27(11):1185-1188.(in Chinesewith an English abstract)
[10]伯努瓦.B.曼德布罗特.The fractal geometry ofnature[M].陈守吉,凌复华,译.上海:上海远东出版社,1998.MANDELBROT B B.The fractal geometry of na-ture[M].Translated by CHEN Shou-ji,LING Fu-hua.Shanghai:Shanghai Far East Publishers,1988.(in Chinese)
[2]LNGRID Daubechies.小波十讲[M].李建平,杨万年,译.北京:国防工业出版社,2003.LNGRID Daubechies.Ten Lectures on wavelets[M].Translated by LI Jian-ping,YANG Wan-nian.Beijing:Defense Industry Press,2003.(in Chi-nese)
[3]郑治真,沈萍,杨选辉,等.小波变换及其Matlab工具的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.ZHENG Zhi-zhen,SHEN-ping,YANG Xuan-hui,etal.Wavelet transform and the application of Matlabtools[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2001.(in Chi-nese)
[4]王鑫.复杂背景下红外目标检测与跟踪算法研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2010.WANG Xin.Researeh on infrared target detectionand tracking algorithms under complex background[D].Nanjing:NanjingUniversityof Scieneeand Tech-nology,2010.(in Chinese)
[5]周慧鑫,秦翰林,赖睿,等.基于多尺度截断的弱小目标复杂背景抑制[J].光学学报,2010,30(10):2812-2816.ZHOU Hui-xin,QIN Han-lin,LAI Rui,et al.Multi-scale truncation for dim and small target backgroundsuppression[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(10):2812-2816.(in Chinese with an English abstract)
[6]魏长安,姜守达.基于形态重构的红外小目标图像背景抑制算法[J].红外技术,2008,30(12):713-716.WEI Chang-an,JIANG Shou-da.Infrared small targetimage background reduction using morphological re-construction operators[J].Infrared Technology,2008,30(12):713-716.(in Chinese with an Englishabstract)
[7]马文伟,赵永强,张国华,等.基于多结构元素形态滤波与自适应阈值分割相结合的红外弱小目标检测[J].光子学报,2011,40(7):1020-1024.MA Wen-wei,ZHAO Yong-qiang,ZHANG Guo-hua,et al.Infrared dim target based on multi-struc-tural element morphological filter combined with a-daptive threshold segmentation[J].Acta Optica Sini-ca,2011,40(7):1020-1024.(in Chinese with an Eng-lish abstract)
[8]秦翰林,韦桂峰,周慧鑫,等.基于多尺度反锐化掩膜的红外图像云层背景抑制[J].半导体光电,2011,32(6):877-880.QIN Han-lin,WEI Gui-feng,ZHOU Hui-xin,et al.Multi-scale unsharped masking for infrared imageclouds background suppression[J].SemiconductorOptoelectronics,2011,32(6):877-880.(in Chinesewith an English abstract)
[9]魏颖,王晓哲,史泽林,等.基于小波多尺度扩展分形特征的目标检测方法[J].东北大学学报:2006,27(11):1185-1188.WEI Ying,WANG Xiao-zhe,SHI Ze-lin,et al.Tar-get detection method based on wavelet multi-scaleextended fractal feature[J].Journal of NortheasternUniversity,2006,27(11):1185-1188.(in Chinesewith an English abstract)
[10]伯努瓦.B.曼德布罗特.The fractal geometry ofnature[M].陈守吉,凌复华,译.上海:上海远东出版社,1998.MANDELBROT B B.The fractal geometry of na-ture[M].Translated by CHEN Shou-ji,LING Fu-hua.Shanghai:Shanghai Far East Publishers,1988.(in Chinese)
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