基于能量的多层框架结构“加层减震”体系参数优化研究
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摘要
提出了基于能量的参数优化准则,即以隔震层抗侧刚度和阻尼比为优化参数,以隔震层的应变能期望值占结构总应变能期望值的比例为目标函数,在改进的Kanai-Tajimi模型激励下,使该比例取极大值。利用上述优化准则,对一加层工程实例进行了参数优化。结果表明:目标函数受隔震层抗侧刚度的变化影响较大,受阻尼比变化影响很小;而总应变能对阻尼比变化较敏感,而对抗侧刚度的变化不敏感。因此参数优化时,可以考虑保持抗侧刚度不变,增大阻尼比而保证目标函数值变化不大,同时可以减少结构的总应变能。扫频分析表明:从应变能角度优化参数拓宽了频率控制范围,而且可以达到很好的控制效果,特别是在共振区域,各层响应较加层前均有较大的减小,同时时程分析也表明减震效果比较显著,证明了该优化方法的可行性及合理性。
A new energy-based optimization criterion was proposed,namely,the lateral rigidity and damping ratio of isolation device are used as optimization variables,and the proportion of the expected value of strain energy of isolation device to the expected value of total strain energy of the structure is as the objective function,which attains its maximum value under the excitation of improved Kanai-Tajimi model.The analysis results of an adding-storey project indicate that,the objective function is influenced greatly by the lateral rigidity of isolation device,but little by the damping ratio.Whereas the expected value of strain energy of the whole building is influenced little by the lateral rigidity of isolation device,but greatly by the damping ratio.Therefore,the lateral rigidity of isolation device can be remained constant and increase the damping ratio,so that the objective function keeps almost unchanged,and the total input strain energy can be reduced accordingly.Frequency sweep analysis shows that the range of frequency control can be broadened using the proposed energy-based parameter optimization method.Response of each storey decreases more than that of the same storey prior to adding storey,especially in the resonance region.The time-history analysis also demonstrates that this method can yield satisfactory seismic reduction effects.
A new energy-based optimization criterion was proposed,namely,the lateral rigidity and damping ratio of isolation device are used as optimization variables,and the proportion of the expected value of strain energy of isolation device to the expected value of total strain energy of the structure is as the objective function,which attains its maximum value under the excitation of improved Kanai-Tajimi model.The analysis results of an adding-storey project indicate that,the objective function is influenced greatly by the lateral rigidity of isolation device,but little by the damping ratio.Whereas the expected value of strain energy of the whole building is influenced little by the lateral rigidity of isolation device,but greatly by the damping ratio.Therefore,the lateral rigidity of isolation device can be remained constant and increase the damping ratio,so that the objective function keeps almost unchanged,and the total input strain energy can be reduced accordingly.Frequency sweep analysis shows that the range of frequency control can be broadened using the proposed energy-based parameter optimization method.Response of each storey decreases more than that of the same storey prior to adding storey,especially in the resonance region.The time-history analysis also demonstrates that this method can yield satisfactory seismic reduction effects.
引文
[1]周福霖.工程结构减振控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:56-59.Zhou Fulin.Damping Control of Engineering Structure[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1997:56-59.
[2]谢军龙,周福霖.多层房屋结构TMD“加层减震”试验研究和应用[J].世界地震工程,1998,14(4):57-60.Xie Junlong,Zhou Fulin.Test Investigation Of Seismic Reduction Using Additional Stories As a TMD And Its Application To Exsisting Multistory Buildings[J].world earthquake engineering,1998,14(4):57-60.
[3]牛金龙,施卫星.房屋建筑顶层采用橡胶支承的消能减震[J].建筑结构,2002,32(6):63-65.Niu Jinlong,Shi Weixing.Reduction Vibration with Rubber Shock Absorber Under Top Storey in the Building[J].Building Structure,2002,32(6):63-65.
[4]施卫星,王群.层间隔震原理与方法[J].工程抗震,1997,12:20-22.Shi weixing,Wang qun.Principles and Methods of storey isolation[J].Earthquake Resitant Engineering,1997,12:20-22.
[5]Villaverde.A seismic Roof Isolation System Feasibility Study with13-Story Building.Journal of Structural Engineering[J].2002,2:188-196.
[6]钱国桢,池毓蔚.地震波激励下加层结构被动控制最优参数求解[J].工程抗震,1998,3:36-38.Qian guozhen,Chi yuwei.Optimal Parameter Solution Of Adding-Storey Structure Undering The Stimulus Of Earthquake wave[J].Earthquake Resitant Engineering,1998,3:36-38.
[7]罗小华,程超.TMD原理应用在框架房屋结构加层减震时最优参数值的探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究,2000,26(2):20-22.Luo xiaohua,Chen chao.Optimal Parameter Research Of TMD When it is Applied to Adding Story and Seismic Decrease of Frame Buildin[J].Building Science Research of Sichuan,2000,26(2):20-22.
[8]李春祥,熊学玉.加层结构中TMD减震优化设计方法[J].工业建筑,1999,29(3):27-29.Li chunxiang,Xiong xueyu.The Optimum Design Method Of TMD In Extension-Storey Structures[J].Industrial Construction,1999,29(3):27-29.
[9]郑国琛,祁皑,阎维明.加层减震结构振动台试验分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):164-170.Zheng guochen,Qi ai,Yan weiming.Research on shaking table test for structures with added story and seismic response decrease[J].Earthquake andEngineering Vibration,2007,27(2):164-170.
[10]李奉阁,赵根田,田志昌.利用结构增层聚集和耗散能量[J].地震工程与工程动,2002,22(5):152-155.Li Fengge,Zhao gentian,Tian zhichang.Gathering and dissipating energy by increasin building floors[J].Earhquake and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(5):152-155.
[11]田志昌.结构中地震能量的集中与耗散[J].西安冶金建筑学报,1993,25(4):379-384.Tian zhichang.Shift and Dissipation of Seismic Energy In Structures[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&technology,1993,25(4):379-384.
[12]刘礼君.基于能量的轻钢加层“TMD减震”参数优化研究[D].江西:华东交通大学,2008.6.Liu lijun.Energy-based Optimization for an Adding-stor-ey Stucture of Light steel Frame Using Lead Laminated Rubber Bearings as a TMD system.[D].Jiangxi:East Jiaotong University,2008.6.
[13]欧进萍,牛荻涛.地震地面运动随机过程模型的参数及其结构效应[J].哈尔滨建筑工程学院学报,1990,23(2):24-34.Ou jinping,Niu ditao.Parameters in the Random Process Models of Earthquake Ground Motion and Their Effects on the Response of Structures[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,1990,23(2):24-34.
[14]李宏男.采用摩擦垫层及阻尼器对外套加层结构体系的减振研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):126-132.Li hongnan.Study on seisimic response reduction for floor-increasing building system with friction bedding and dampersJ].Earhquake and Engi-neering Vibration,2000,20(4):126-132.
[2]谢军龙,周福霖.多层房屋结构TMD“加层减震”试验研究和应用[J].世界地震工程,1998,14(4):57-60.Xie Junlong,Zhou Fulin.Test Investigation Of Seismic Reduction Using Additional Stories As a TMD And Its Application To Exsisting Multistory Buildings[J].world earthquake engineering,1998,14(4):57-60.
[3]牛金龙,施卫星.房屋建筑顶层采用橡胶支承的消能减震[J].建筑结构,2002,32(6):63-65.Niu Jinlong,Shi Weixing.Reduction Vibration with Rubber Shock Absorber Under Top Storey in the Building[J].Building Structure,2002,32(6):63-65.
[4]施卫星,王群.层间隔震原理与方法[J].工程抗震,1997,12:20-22.Shi weixing,Wang qun.Principles and Methods of storey isolation[J].Earthquake Resitant Engineering,1997,12:20-22.
[5]Villaverde.A seismic Roof Isolation System Feasibility Study with13-Story Building.Journal of Structural Engineering[J].2002,2:188-196.
[6]钱国桢,池毓蔚.地震波激励下加层结构被动控制最优参数求解[J].工程抗震,1998,3:36-38.Qian guozhen,Chi yuwei.Optimal Parameter Solution Of Adding-Storey Structure Undering The Stimulus Of Earthquake wave[J].Earthquake Resitant Engineering,1998,3:36-38.
[7]罗小华,程超.TMD原理应用在框架房屋结构加层减震时最优参数值的探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究,2000,26(2):20-22.Luo xiaohua,Chen chao.Optimal Parameter Research Of TMD When it is Applied to Adding Story and Seismic Decrease of Frame Buildin[J].Building Science Research of Sichuan,2000,26(2):20-22.
[8]李春祥,熊学玉.加层结构中TMD减震优化设计方法[J].工业建筑,1999,29(3):27-29.Li chunxiang,Xiong xueyu.The Optimum Design Method Of TMD In Extension-Storey Structures[J].Industrial Construction,1999,29(3):27-29.
[9]郑国琛,祁皑,阎维明.加层减震结构振动台试验分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):164-170.Zheng guochen,Qi ai,Yan weiming.Research on shaking table test for structures with added story and seismic response decrease[J].Earthquake andEngineering Vibration,2007,27(2):164-170.
[10]李奉阁,赵根田,田志昌.利用结构增层聚集和耗散能量[J].地震工程与工程动,2002,22(5):152-155.Li Fengge,Zhao gentian,Tian zhichang.Gathering and dissipating energy by increasin building floors[J].Earhquake and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(5):152-155.
[11]田志昌.结构中地震能量的集中与耗散[J].西安冶金建筑学报,1993,25(4):379-384.Tian zhichang.Shift and Dissipation of Seismic Energy In Structures[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&technology,1993,25(4):379-384.
[12]刘礼君.基于能量的轻钢加层“TMD减震”参数优化研究[D].江西:华东交通大学,2008.6.Liu lijun.Energy-based Optimization for an Adding-stor-ey Stucture of Light steel Frame Using Lead Laminated Rubber Bearings as a TMD system.[D].Jiangxi:East Jiaotong University,2008.6.
[13]欧进萍,牛荻涛.地震地面运动随机过程模型的参数及其结构效应[J].哈尔滨建筑工程学院学报,1990,23(2):24-34.Ou jinping,Niu ditao.Parameters in the Random Process Models of Earthquake Ground Motion and Their Effects on the Response of Structures[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,1990,23(2):24-34.
[14]李宏男.采用摩擦垫层及阻尼器对外套加层结构体系的减振研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):126-132.Li hongnan.Study on seisimic response reduction for floor-increasing building system with friction bedding and dampersJ].Earhquake and Engi-neering Vibration,2000,20(4):126-132.
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