聚氨酯护坡结构静冰力学试验研究
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摘要
碎石聚氨酯护坡是一种新开发的水利技术。其结构与碎石沥青护坡相似,不同的是碎石以聚氨酯黏合而不是沥青。为了研究碎石聚氨酯护坡在寒区工程中应用的特性,以大庆红旗泡水库的冰厚过程和温度过程为原型试验条件,开展了碎石聚氨酯护坡在冻胀力和冰推力联合作用下的稳定特性研究。通过分析碎石聚氨酯护坡结构内部温度变化过程、冰厚生长过程、变形过程以及受力过程得到如下结论:碎石聚氨酯护坡多孔的结果有利于其下基土温度场的均匀分布;在冻融周期内,会产生较大的竖向变形和较小的坡向变形,且均不会完全恢复,因此在设计过程中应考虑对护顶和固脚进行加固;冰在融化阶段产生的冰推力较大,应注意在春季融冰期冰推力对护坡结构的破坏。
PUR-revetment is a newly developed method for hydraulic engineering application.Its structure is similar to that of open stone asphalt revetment,but the crushed stones are glued by polyurethane(PUR) instead of bitumen.In order to study the characteristics of applying PUR-revetment in cold regions,an experimental research of the stability of PUR-revetment under the frost heave force and ice pushing was conducted based on the prototype test conditions of ice thickness and temperature processes in the Hongqipao Reservoir of Daqing.The process curves of internal temperature,ice growing,deformation,and mechanical characteristics were analyzed to obtain the following conclusions:(1)the porous structure of PUR-revetment can result in the uniform distribution of temperature field under the revetment;(2)during the freeze-thaw cycle,a larger vertical deformation and a smaller slope deformation of PUR-revetment occur,but both deformations cannot recovery completely,thus it is necessary to take reinforcement measures at the roof support and slope foot during the designing process;and(3)the maximum ice pushing occurs during the thawing period,therefore appropriate icebreaking measures need to be performed to eliminate the effects of ice pushing on the revetment structure.
PUR-revetment is a newly developed method for hydraulic engineering application.Its structure is similar to that of open stone asphalt revetment,but the crushed stones are glued by polyurethane(PUR) instead of bitumen.In order to study the characteristics of applying PUR-revetment in cold regions,an experimental research of the stability of PUR-revetment under the frost heave force and ice pushing was conducted based on the prototype test conditions of ice thickness and temperature processes in the Hongqipao Reservoir of Daqing.The process curves of internal temperature,ice growing,deformation,and mechanical characteristics were analyzed to obtain the following conclusions:(1)the porous structure of PUR-revetment can result in the uniform distribution of temperature field under the revetment;(2)during the freeze-thaw cycle,a larger vertical deformation and a smaller slope deformation of PUR-revetment occur,but both deformations cannot recovery completely,thus it is necessary to take reinforcement measures at the roof support and slope foot during the designing process;and(3)the maximum ice pushing occurs during the thawing period,therefore appropriate icebreaking measures need to be performed to eliminate the effects of ice pushing on the revetment structure.
引文
[1]顾德华.碎石聚氨酯护坡材料特性的实验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2008.(GU De-hua.Experimental Study in the HydraulicProperties of PUR-revetments[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2008.(in Chinese))
[2]Dehua Gu.Hydraulic Properties of PUR-Revetments Comparedto Those of Open Stone Asphalt Revetments[D].Delft:DelftUniversity of Technology,2007.
[3]E.Bijlsma.The Elastocoast?system[D].Delft:Delft Universityof Technology,2008.
[4]马苏里,张来文,范南耕.冰推力作用对泥河水库工程的影响[J].黑龙江水利科技,2007,35(2):111-112.(MA Su-li,ZHANG Lai-wen,FAN Nan-geng.The Effect of Ice PushingTo Ni-he Reservoir[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology ofWater Conservancy,2007,35(2):111-112.(in Chinese))
[5]童长江,管枫年.土的冻胀与建筑物冻害防治[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985.(TONG Chang-jiang,GUAN Feng-nian.Harm and Prevention and Cure of Frost Heaving of Soil toConstruction[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1985.(inChinese))
[6]史庆增,徐继祖,宋安.冰力模型试验[J].冰川冻土,1990,12(2):117-123.(SHI Qing-zeng,XU Ji-zhu,SONG An.TheModel Test of Ice Forces[J].Journal of Glaciology And Geo-cryology,1990,12(2):117-123.(in Chinese))
[7]黄焱,史庆增,宋安.冰力模型实验中的模型律[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(S2):352-355.(HUANG Yan,SHI Qing-zeng,SONGAn.The Application of Scaling Laws to Ice Force Model Tests[J].Journal of Glaciology And Geocryology,2003,25(S2):352-355.(in Chinese))
[8]朱林楠,李东庆,郭新民.无外荷载作用下冻土模型试验的相似分析[J].冰川冻土,1993,15(1):166-169.(ZHU Lin-nan,LIDong-qing,GUO Xin-min.Similarity Analysis of Modeling Testfor Pressure in Freezing-Thawing Process of Soil[J].Journal ofGlaciology and Geocryology,1993,15(1):166-169.(in Chi-nese))
[9]韩雷,张滨,程卫国.静冰压力对铰链式护坡系统作用的低温模型试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):1-6.(HAN Lei,ZHANG Bin,CHEHG Wei-guo.Low-Temperature Model Testof Static Ice Pressure on Articulating Slope Protection System[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2009,29(6):1-6.(in Chinese))
[10]SL237-1999,土工试验规程[S].(SL237-1999,GeotechnicalTesting Code[S].(in Chinese))
[11]陈广思.碎石聚氨酯护坡材料波浪作用特性试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.(CHEN Guang-si.ExperimentalStudy of the Elastocoast System With Wave Impact[D].Har-bin:Harbin Engineering University,2011.(in Chinese))
[12]茅泽育,吴剑疆,佘云童.河冰生消演变及其运动规律的研究进展[J].水力发电学报,2002,21(S1),153-161.(MAO Ze-yu,WU Jian-jiang,SHE Yun-tong.River Ice Processes[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2002,21(S1),153-161.(in Chinese))
[13]姜连杰,卢永超,韩红卫,等.红旗泡水库冰层变形及护坡破坏现象成因分析[J].水利水电技术,2001,42(7):85-88.(JIANG Lian-jie LU Yong-chao HAN Hong-wei el al.CausalAnalysis on Ice Iayer Deformation and Slope Protection Dam-age of Hongqipao Reservoir[J].Water Resources and Hydro-power Engineering,2001,42(7):85-88.(in Chinese))
[14]李志军,杨宇,彭旭明,等.黑龙江红旗泡水库冰生长过程现场观测数据的剖析[J]西安理工大学学报,2009,25(10):270-274.(LI Zhi-jun,YANG Yu,PENG Xu-ming el al.The Anal-ysis of the Field Observation Data of Fresh Ice Growing Processin Hongqipao Reservoir of Heilongjiang[J].Journal of Xi′an Uni-versity of Technology,2009,25(10):270-274.(in Chinese)).
[15]蔡之瑞,孙泊涛,郭世容等.冰荷载的实验研究和计算方法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1997,17(4):49-55.(CAI Zhi-rui,SUN Bo-tao,GUO Shi-rong,el al.Experimental Research OnIce Load And Its Calculation Method[J].Earth Quake Engi-neering And Engineering Vibration,1997,17(4):49-55.(inChinese)).
[2]Dehua Gu.Hydraulic Properties of PUR-Revetments Comparedto Those of Open Stone Asphalt Revetments[D].Delft:DelftUniversity of Technology,2007.
[3]E.Bijlsma.The Elastocoast?system[D].Delft:Delft Universityof Technology,2008.
[4]马苏里,张来文,范南耕.冰推力作用对泥河水库工程的影响[J].黑龙江水利科技,2007,35(2):111-112.(MA Su-li,ZHANG Lai-wen,FAN Nan-geng.The Effect of Ice PushingTo Ni-he Reservoir[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology ofWater Conservancy,2007,35(2):111-112.(in Chinese))
[5]童长江,管枫年.土的冻胀与建筑物冻害防治[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985.(TONG Chang-jiang,GUAN Feng-nian.Harm and Prevention and Cure of Frost Heaving of Soil toConstruction[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1985.(inChinese))
[6]史庆增,徐继祖,宋安.冰力模型试验[J].冰川冻土,1990,12(2):117-123.(SHI Qing-zeng,XU Ji-zhu,SONG An.TheModel Test of Ice Forces[J].Journal of Glaciology And Geo-cryology,1990,12(2):117-123.(in Chinese))
[7]黄焱,史庆增,宋安.冰力模型实验中的模型律[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(S2):352-355.(HUANG Yan,SHI Qing-zeng,SONGAn.The Application of Scaling Laws to Ice Force Model Tests[J].Journal of Glaciology And Geocryology,2003,25(S2):352-355.(in Chinese))
[8]朱林楠,李东庆,郭新民.无外荷载作用下冻土模型试验的相似分析[J].冰川冻土,1993,15(1):166-169.(ZHU Lin-nan,LIDong-qing,GUO Xin-min.Similarity Analysis of Modeling Testfor Pressure in Freezing-Thawing Process of Soil[J].Journal ofGlaciology and Geocryology,1993,15(1):166-169.(in Chi-nese))
[9]韩雷,张滨,程卫国.静冰压力对铰链式护坡系统作用的低温模型试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):1-6.(HAN Lei,ZHANG Bin,CHEHG Wei-guo.Low-Temperature Model Testof Static Ice Pressure on Articulating Slope Protection System[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2009,29(6):1-6.(in Chinese))
[10]SL237-1999,土工试验规程[S].(SL237-1999,GeotechnicalTesting Code[S].(in Chinese))
[11]陈广思.碎石聚氨酯护坡材料波浪作用特性试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.(CHEN Guang-si.ExperimentalStudy of the Elastocoast System With Wave Impact[D].Har-bin:Harbin Engineering University,2011.(in Chinese))
[12]茅泽育,吴剑疆,佘云童.河冰生消演变及其运动规律的研究进展[J].水力发电学报,2002,21(S1),153-161.(MAO Ze-yu,WU Jian-jiang,SHE Yun-tong.River Ice Processes[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2002,21(S1),153-161.(in Chinese))
[13]姜连杰,卢永超,韩红卫,等.红旗泡水库冰层变形及护坡破坏现象成因分析[J].水利水电技术,2001,42(7):85-88.(JIANG Lian-jie LU Yong-chao HAN Hong-wei el al.CausalAnalysis on Ice Iayer Deformation and Slope Protection Dam-age of Hongqipao Reservoir[J].Water Resources and Hydro-power Engineering,2001,42(7):85-88.(in Chinese))
[14]李志军,杨宇,彭旭明,等.黑龙江红旗泡水库冰生长过程现场观测数据的剖析[J]西安理工大学学报,2009,25(10):270-274.(LI Zhi-jun,YANG Yu,PENG Xu-ming el al.The Anal-ysis of the Field Observation Data of Fresh Ice Growing Processin Hongqipao Reservoir of Heilongjiang[J].Journal of Xi′an Uni-versity of Technology,2009,25(10):270-274.(in Chinese)).
[15]蔡之瑞,孙泊涛,郭世容等.冰荷载的实验研究和计算方法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1997,17(4):49-55.(CAI Zhi-rui,SUN Bo-tao,GUO Shi-rong,el al.Experimental Research OnIce Load And Its Calculation Method[J].Earth Quake Engi-neering And Engineering Vibration,1997,17(4):49-55.(inChinese)).
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