冲击地压事件AE与压力耦合前兆特征分析
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摘要
以华亭矿区砚北煤矿为背景,对开采过程中冲击地压事件的声发射(AE)与压力前兆特征进行了分析。分析结果表明:在冲击地压发生前,冲击地压"源"处的岩体内部声发射和压力呈现出一定的相关变化规律,即表现出明显的前兆特征和相互耦合模式:"升压平静—降压活跃"模式,即压力变化整体趋势为上升时,声发射进入平静期,当压力变化整体趋势为下降时,声发射表现活跃;"升压降压平静"模式,即当压力上升和下降期间,声发射均处于平静期。这种特征和模式可以作为冲击地压事件预测的判别依据。
Taking Yanbei Coal Mine of Huating mining area as background,precursory characteristics of acoustic emission and pressure for rock burst events in the course of mining were analyzed.The results show that acoustic emission and pressure in rock body of rock burst "source" present some related change law before rock burst,which exhibits obvious precursory characteristics and intercoupling model."Pressor-quiet and depressurizing-active"model,it means that when the overall trend of pressure variation increases,acoustic emission goes into quiet period,conversely,when it decreases,the acoustic emission presents active."Pressor and depressurizing quiet" model,namely,no matter the pressure goes up or down,acoustic emission always keeps in the quiet period.This feature and model can be used as distinguish basis to predict rock burst events.
Taking Yanbei Coal Mine of Huating mining area as background,precursory characteristics of acoustic emission and pressure for rock burst events in the course of mining were analyzed.The results show that acoustic emission and pressure in rock body of rock burst "source" present some related change law before rock burst,which exhibits obvious precursory characteristics and intercoupling model."Pressor-quiet and depressurizing-active"model,it means that when the overall trend of pressure variation increases,acoustic emission goes into quiet period,conversely,when it decreases,the acoustic emission presents active."Pressor and depressurizing quiet" model,namely,no matter the pressure goes up or down,acoustic emission always keeps in the quiet period.This feature and model can be used as distinguish basis to predict rock burst events.
引文
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[2]冀贞文,孙春江,姜福兴.波兰煤矿冲击地压防治技术现状及分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,36(1):11-14.Ji Zhenwen,Sun Chunjiang,Jiang Fuxing.Present status and analysison rock burst prevention and control technology in Poland[J].CoalScience and Technology,2008,36(1):11-14.
[3]Wang Hongliang,Ge Maochen.Acoustic emission/microseismic sour-ce location analysis for a limestone mine exhibiting high horizontalstresses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and MiningSciences,2008,45(5):720-728.
[4]蓝航,齐庆新,潘俊锋,等.我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.Lan Hang,Qi Qingxin,Pan Junfeng,et al.Analysis on features aswell as prevention and control technology of mine strata pressurebumping in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
[5]姜福兴,苗小虎,王存文,等.构造控制型冲击地压的微地震监测预警研究与实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):900-903.Jiang Fuxing,Miao Xiaohu,Wang Cunwen,et al.Predicting researchand practice of tectonic-controlled coal burst by microseismic monito-ring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):900-903.
[6]于贵良,乔中栋,王祥安.强冲击倾向性煤层工作面高危区域的防治技术[J].煤矿开采,2009,14(6):69-72.Yu Guiliang,Qiao Zhongdong,Wang Xiang’an.Prevention technolo-gy of high-danger area in mining face with strong bursting liability[J].Coal Mining Technology,2009,14(6):69-72.
[7]文光才,李建功,邹银辉,等.矿井煤岩动力灾害声发射监测适用条件初探[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):278-282.Wen Guangcai,Li Jiangong,Zou Yinhui,et al.Preliminary study onthe application conditions of acoustic emission monitoring dynamicdisasters in coal and rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):278-282.
[8]夏永学,蓝航,魏向志.基于微震和地音监测的冲击危险性综合评价技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(S2):358-364.Xia Yongxue,Lan Hang,Wei Xiangzhi.Study of comprehensive eval-uation technology for rock burst hazard based on microseismic andunderground sound monitoring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(S2):358-364.
[9]纪洪广,乔兰,张树学,等.深部岩体稳定性评价的声发射-压力耦合模式[J].中国矿业,2001,10(2):51-54.Ji Hongguang,Qiao Lan,Zhang Shuxue,et al.Mode of acoustic emis-sion coupled with pressure measurement to diagnose stability of deeprockmass[J].China Mining Magazine,2001,10(2):51-54.
[10]张宗文,王元杰,赵成利,等.微震和地音综合监测在冲击地压防治中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):44-47.Zhang Zongwen,Wang Yuanjie,Zhao Chengli,et al.Application ofmicro seismic and ground acoustic emission comprehensive monito-ring and measuring to prevention and control of mine strata pressurebumping[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):44-47.
[11]邓志刚,任勇,王传朋,等.微震地音数据综合分析法初探[J].煤矿开采,2010,15(1):8-14.Deng Zhigang,Ren Yong,Wang Chuanpeng,et al.Research oncomprehensive analysis method of micro-seismic and acoustic emis-sion data[J].Coal Mining Technology,2010,15(1):8-14.
[12]任勇,夏永学,张修峰.基于地音活动规律的冲击危险性评价技术[J].煤矿开采,2010,15(6):90-92.Ren Yong,Xia Yongxue,Zhang Xiufeng.Evaluation technology ofrock-burst danger based on earth acoustic data[J].Coal MiningTechnology,2010,15(6):90-92.
[13]刘金海,姜福兴,王乃国,等.深井特厚煤层综放工作面支承压力分布特征的实测研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(S1):18-22.Liu Jinhai,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Naiguo,et al.Survey on abutmentpressure distribution of fully mechanized caving face in extra-thickcoal seam of deep shaft[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(S1):18-22.
[14]夏永学,潘俊锋,王元杰,等.基于高精度微震监测的煤岩破裂与应力分布特征研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(2):239-243.Xia Yongxue,Pan Junfeng,Wang Yuanjie,et al.Study of rule ofsurrounding rock failure and stress distribution based on high-preci-sion microseismic monitoring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(2):239-243.
[15]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕,等.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:31-68.Cai Meifeng,He Manchao,Liu Dongyan,et al.Rock mechanics andengineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002:31-68.
[16]张茹,谢和平,刘建锋,等.单轴多级加载岩石破坏声发射特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2584-2588.Zhang Ru,Xie Heping,Liu Jianfeng,et al.Experimental study onacoustic emission characteristics of rock failure under uniaxial mul-tilevel loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2006,25(12):2584-2588.
[17]齐庆新.矿山压力与地音[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1992,19(1):79-82.Qi Qingxin.Ground pressure and underground sound[J].GroundPressure and Strata Control,1992,19(1):79-82.
[18]艾婷,张茹,刘建锋,等.三轴压缩煤岩破裂过程中声发射时空演化规律[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(12):2048-2057.Ai Ting,Zhang Ru,Liu Jianfeng,et al.Space-time evolution rules ofacoustic emission locations under triaxial compression[J].Journalof China Coal Society,2011,36(12):2048-2057.
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