厦门沿海某超高层建筑结构风致振动动力特性研究
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摘要
现场实测是获得结构风致振动动力特性参数的一种较为可靠的手段和方法。通过对厦门沿海某超高层建筑在台风登陆时进行现场原型实测,得到了该建筑结构的第10层、18层、23层、28层、33层和36层的加速度响应时程数据和固有频率及振型等结构的动力特性。根据实测加速度数据,利用随机减量法提取结构两方向的前3阶固有频率对应的阻尼比,结果表明:由于实测时台风风速较大,导致结构风致响应较为显著,因此结构两个方向第1阶阻尼比值在7%左右,明显大于另外两阶阻尼比;两方向第1阶阻尼比与加速度呈非线性关系,阻尼比随加速度的增大而增大。采用ANSYS软件建立该超高层建筑的3D有限元分析模型并进行模态分析,提取该模型的前3阶固有频率和振型,与实测结果进行对比分析,结果较为吻合,由此说明所建立的3D有限元分析模型正确可靠。
The field measurement is a reliable approach to get the dynamic characteristics of a structure.By full-scale measurement,the structural dynamic characteristics of a high-rise building in Xiamen were obtained when typhoon landed,which included the acceleration data of six levels,the natural frequency and the vibration models.Meanwhile,the random decrement method was adopted to extract the damping ratios corresponding to the first three modes of the frequency on the basis of the measured data.It is indicated that,the value of the damping ratios for the first mode in two directions are about 7% due to the significant wind-induced structural response resulted from the large wind speed.Moreover,the damping ratios for the first mode increase nonlinearly with the increase of the acceleration.Furthermore,the finite element 3D model was established by ANSYS to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the studied building,which agreed with the identified results from field measurement very well.Therefore,the finite element 3D model has been confirmed to be reasonable.
The field measurement is a reliable approach to get the dynamic characteristics of a structure.By full-scale measurement,the structural dynamic characteristics of a high-rise building in Xiamen were obtained when typhoon landed,which included the acceleration data of six levels,the natural frequency and the vibration models.Meanwhile,the random decrement method was adopted to extract the damping ratios corresponding to the first three modes of the frequency on the basis of the measured data.It is indicated that,the value of the damping ratios for the first mode in two directions are about 7% due to the significant wind-induced structural response resulted from the large wind speed.Moreover,the damping ratios for the first mode increase nonlinearly with the increase of the acceleration.Furthermore,the finite element 3D model was established by ANSYS to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the studied building,which agreed with the identified results from field measurement very well.Therefore,the finite element 3D model has been confirmed to be reasonable.
引文
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[3]Li Q S,Xiao Y Q,Wong C K.Full-scale monitering oftyphoon effects on super tall buildings[J].Journal ofFluids and Structures,2005,20(5):697-717.
[4]徐安,傅继阳,赵若红,等.中信广场风场特性与结构响应实测研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(1):115-119.(XU An,FU Jiyang,ZHAO Ruohong,et al.Field measurements of boundary layer windcharacteristics and wind effects on Citic Plaza Tower[J].Journal of Building Structures,2009,30(1):115-119.(in Chinese))
[5]Kato N,Niihori Y,Kurita T,et al.Full-scalemeasurement of wind-induced internal pressures in ahigh-rise building[J].Journal of Wind Engineering andIndustrial Aerodynamics,1997,69/70/71:619-630.
[6]Geurts C P W.Full-scale and wind-tunnelmeasurements of the wind and wind induced pressuresover suburban terrain[J].Journal of Wind Engineeringand Industrial Aerodynamics,1996,64(2/3):89-100.
[7]宝志雯,陈志鹏.从建筑物的脉动响应确定其动力特性[J].深圳大学学报,1986,3(1):36-49.(BaoZhiwen,Chen Zhipeng.Experimental determination ofdynamic characteristics of a structure by means of itsambient response signals[J].Journal of ShenzhenUniversity,1986,3(1):36-49.(in Chinese))
[8]王济,胡晓.MATLAB在振动信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006:83-219.
[9]JGJ3—2010高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(JGJ3—2010Technical specification for concrete structures of tallbuilding[S].Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2010.(in Chinese))
[10]Ward Heylen,Stefan Lammens,Paul Sas.模态分析理论与实验[M].白化同,郭继忠,译.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001:27-72.
[11]王新敏.ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007:227-287.
[12]孔丹丹,赵颖华,王萍,等.仿真计算中钢筋混凝土材料的等效模量[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报:自然科学版,2003,19(3):165-168.(KONG Dandan,ZHAO Yinghua,WANG Ping,et al.Equivalent moduliof reinforced concrete in simulating analysis[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University:NaturalScience,2003,19(3):165-168.(in Chinese))
[13]陈波,吕西林,李培振,等.用ANSYS模拟结构-地基动力相互作用振动台试验的建模方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(1):126-131.(CHEN Bo,LU Xi-lin,LI Pei-zhen,et al.Modeling of dynamicsoil-structure interaction by ANSYS program[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(1):126-131.(in Chinese))
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