基于EMD和分形盒维数的旋转机械耦合故障诊断方法研究
|
摘要
针对旋转机械耦合故障的诊断问题,提出一种基于EMD(Empirical Mode Decomposition)和分形盒维数的诊断方法。该方法结合EMD对非线性信号处理的自适应性和分形盒维数能对非线性行为定量描述的特点,先对故障信号进行EMD处理,得到含有故障特征的本征模式函数(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF),然后求出各IMF的盒维数,通过盒维数的比较分析进行故障诊断。构造了含有裂纹-碰摩-松动耦合故障的转子-轴承系统动力学模型,用龙格-库塔法求出故障模型振动信号。通过对耦合故障信号进行分析,得到耦合故障特征向量,并与传统的边界谱诊断方法比较,证明该方法对旋转机械耦合故障诊断的有效性和优越性。
Aiming at coupling faults diagnosis for rotary machinery,a diagnosis method based on EMD(empirical mode decomposition) and fractal box dimension was proposed.In the method,taking advantage of the adaptability of EMD in processing nonlinear signal and the characteristic of fractal box dimension that can quantitatively describe nonlinear behaviors,the fault signal was processed by EMD to obtain intrinsic mode functions(IMF) containing fault characteristics,then to solve box dimension of IMFs and to detect fault through comparing and analyzing the box dimension.A dynamic model of the rotor-bearing system was established in order to consider the coupling fault of crack,rub-impact and pedestal looseness.The simulatod vibration signal of the fault model was obtained by using Runge-Kutta method.Through analyzing the coupling fault signal,getting the coupling fault feature vectors and comparing with the results of traditional boundary spectrum diagnosis method,the validity of the method proposed and its benefit were proved.
Aiming at coupling faults diagnosis for rotary machinery,a diagnosis method based on EMD(empirical mode decomposition) and fractal box dimension was proposed.In the method,taking advantage of the adaptability of EMD in processing nonlinear signal and the characteristic of fractal box dimension that can quantitatively describe nonlinear behaviors,the fault signal was processed by EMD to obtain intrinsic mode functions(IMF) containing fault characteristics,then to solve box dimension of IMFs and to detect fault through comparing and analyzing the box dimension.A dynamic model of the rotor-bearing system was established in order to consider the coupling fault of crack,rub-impact and pedestal looseness.The simulatod vibration signal of the fault model was obtained by using Runge-Kutta method.Through analyzing the coupling fault signal,getting the coupling fault feature vectors and comparing with the results of traditional boundary spectrum diagnosis method,the validity of the method proposed and its benefit were proved.
引文
[1]Hu N Q,Wen X S.The application of Duffing oscillator in characteristic signal detection of early fault[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2003,268:917-931.
[2]Sekhar A S,Mohanty A R,Prabhakar R.Vibrations of cracked rotor system:transverse crack versus slant crack[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,279:1203-1217.
[3]马辉,孙伟,任朝晖,等.多盘悬臂转子系统支座松动故障研究[J].航空动力学报,2009,24(7):1512-1517.MA Hui,SUN Wei,REN Zhao-hui et al.Research on pedestal looseness fault of multi-disc over-hung rotor system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2009,24(7):1512-1517.
[4]姚红良,李鹤,李小彭,等.裂纹碰摩耦合故障转子系统诊断分析[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(3):307-212.YAO Hong-liang,LI He,LI Xiao-peng et al.Diagnoses of coupling fault of crack and rub-impact in rotor systems[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering.2006,19(3):307-212.
[5]罗跃纲,闻邦椿.双跨转子系统裂纹-松动耦合故障的非线性响应[J].航空动力学报,2007,22(6):996-1001.LUO Yue-gang,WEN Bang-chun.Nonlinear responses of two-span rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and pedestal looseness[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2007,22(6):996-1001.
[6]黄志伟,周建中,张孝远,等.水轮发电机组轴系松动-碰摩耦合故障的动态响应[J].西南交通大学学报,2011,46(1):121-126.HUANG Zhi-wei,ZHOU Jian-zhong,ZHANG Xiao-yuan,et al.Dynamic responses of shaft system of hydraulic generator set with coupling faults of bearing looseness and rotor rub-impact[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2011,46(1):121-126.
[7]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society London A,1998,454(1971):903-995.
[8]Yang Y,He Y G,Chen J S,et al.A gear fault diagnosis using Hilbert spectrum based on MODWPT and a comparison with EMD approach[J].Measurement,2009,42:542-511.
[9]唐宏宾,吴运新,滑广军,等.基于EMD包络谱分析的液压泵故障诊断方法[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(9):44-48.TANG Hong-bin,WU Yun-xin,HUA Guang-jun,et al.Fault diagnosis of pump using EMD and envelope spectrum analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(9):44-48.
[10]邵忍平,曹精明,李永龙.基于EMD小波阈值去噪和时频分析的齿轮故障模式识别与诊断[J],振动与冲击,2012,31(8):96-101,106.SHAO Ren-ping,CAO Jing-ming,LI Yong-long.Gear fault pattern identification and diagnosis using time-requency analysis and wavelet threshold de-noising based on EMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(8):96-101,106.
[11]Mandelbrot B B.The Fractal Geometry of Nature[M].San Francisco:Freeman,1982.
[12]陈奇,赵韩,黄康.齿轮结合面切向接触刚度分形计算模型研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(2):203-206.CHEN Qi,ZHAO Han,HUANG Kang.Fractal model of tangential contact stiffness between Gears’s Joint Surfaces[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(2):203-206.
[13]钟明寿,龙源,谢全民,等.基于分形盒维数和多重分形的爆破地震波信号分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(1):7-11.ZHONG Ming-shou,LONG Yuan,XIE Quan-min,et al.Signal analysis for blasting seismic wave based on fractal box-dimension and fractal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(1):7-11.
[14]郝研,王太勇,万剑,等.分形盒维数抗噪研究及其在故障诊断中的应用[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(3):540-545.HAO Yan,WANG Tai-yong,WAN Jian,et al.Research on fractal box dimension anti-noise performance and its application in fault diagnosis[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(3):540-545.
[15]赵春晖,马爽,杨伟超.基于分形盒维数的频谱感知技术研究[J].电子与信息学报,2011,33(2):475-478.ZHAO Chun-hui,MA Shuang,YANG Wei-chao.Spectrum sensing in cognitive radios based on fractal box dimension[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2011,33(2):475-478.
[2]Sekhar A S,Mohanty A R,Prabhakar R.Vibrations of cracked rotor system:transverse crack versus slant crack[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,279:1203-1217.
[3]马辉,孙伟,任朝晖,等.多盘悬臂转子系统支座松动故障研究[J].航空动力学报,2009,24(7):1512-1517.MA Hui,SUN Wei,REN Zhao-hui et al.Research on pedestal looseness fault of multi-disc over-hung rotor system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2009,24(7):1512-1517.
[4]姚红良,李鹤,李小彭,等.裂纹碰摩耦合故障转子系统诊断分析[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(3):307-212.YAO Hong-liang,LI He,LI Xiao-peng et al.Diagnoses of coupling fault of crack and rub-impact in rotor systems[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering.2006,19(3):307-212.
[5]罗跃纲,闻邦椿.双跨转子系统裂纹-松动耦合故障的非线性响应[J].航空动力学报,2007,22(6):996-1001.LUO Yue-gang,WEN Bang-chun.Nonlinear responses of two-span rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and pedestal looseness[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2007,22(6):996-1001.
[6]黄志伟,周建中,张孝远,等.水轮发电机组轴系松动-碰摩耦合故障的动态响应[J].西南交通大学学报,2011,46(1):121-126.HUANG Zhi-wei,ZHOU Jian-zhong,ZHANG Xiao-yuan,et al.Dynamic responses of shaft system of hydraulic generator set with coupling faults of bearing looseness and rotor rub-impact[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2011,46(1):121-126.
[7]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society London A,1998,454(1971):903-995.
[8]Yang Y,He Y G,Chen J S,et al.A gear fault diagnosis using Hilbert spectrum based on MODWPT and a comparison with EMD approach[J].Measurement,2009,42:542-511.
[9]唐宏宾,吴运新,滑广军,等.基于EMD包络谱分析的液压泵故障诊断方法[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(9):44-48.TANG Hong-bin,WU Yun-xin,HUA Guang-jun,et al.Fault diagnosis of pump using EMD and envelope spectrum analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(9):44-48.
[10]邵忍平,曹精明,李永龙.基于EMD小波阈值去噪和时频分析的齿轮故障模式识别与诊断[J],振动与冲击,2012,31(8):96-101,106.SHAO Ren-ping,CAO Jing-ming,LI Yong-long.Gear fault pattern identification and diagnosis using time-requency analysis and wavelet threshold de-noising based on EMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(8):96-101,106.
[11]Mandelbrot B B.The Fractal Geometry of Nature[M].San Francisco:Freeman,1982.
[12]陈奇,赵韩,黄康.齿轮结合面切向接触刚度分形计算模型研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(2):203-206.CHEN Qi,ZHAO Han,HUANG Kang.Fractal model of tangential contact stiffness between Gears’s Joint Surfaces[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(2):203-206.
[13]钟明寿,龙源,谢全民,等.基于分形盒维数和多重分形的爆破地震波信号分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(1):7-11.ZHONG Ming-shou,LONG Yuan,XIE Quan-min,et al.Signal analysis for blasting seismic wave based on fractal box-dimension and fractal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(1):7-11.
[14]郝研,王太勇,万剑,等.分形盒维数抗噪研究及其在故障诊断中的应用[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(3):540-545.HAO Yan,WANG Tai-yong,WAN Jian,et al.Research on fractal box dimension anti-noise performance and its application in fault diagnosis[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(3):540-545.
[15]赵春晖,马爽,杨伟超.基于分形盒维数的频谱感知技术研究[J].电子与信息学报,2011,33(2):475-478.ZHAO Chun-hui,MA Shuang,YANG Wei-chao.Spectrum sensing in cognitive radios based on fractal box dimension[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2011,33(2):475-478.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心