单轴压缩下含水砂岩强度损伤及声发射特征
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摘要
宁东煤田主采煤层顶板广泛分布含水砂岩,该层砂岩受采动影响易于变形失稳。通过实验室试验,定量分析了含水砂岩组分,研究了其烘干、吸水随时间变化规律。研究发现该含水砂岩富含黏土矿物,砂岩分别烘干和浸水6 h后含水率变化趋于稳定,且随着含水率增加该砂岩单轴抗压强度和弹性模量呈指数函数减小。声发射试验结果表明:干燥状态下,含水砂岩声发射计数峰值与应力峰值相对应,而随着含水率增加,声发射计数峰值较应力峰值位置滞后,呈现出"延迟"特征,并据此提出了预测预报该类砂岩顶板稳定的技术思路。
Water-bearing sandstone is widely distributed in the roof of primary mining coal seam of Ningdong coal field,which is prone to deformation and instability.In this experiment component of water-bearing sandstone is quantitatively analyzed,and time relationship between drying and water suction of sandstone is also studied.Research shows that this kind of sandstone is rich in clay minerals,and the variation of moisture content tends to keep stable six hours after being dried and soaked respectively;moreover,uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the sandstone decrease on the scale of exponential function with the increase of moisture content.The results of acoustic emission characteristics experiment show that count peak of acoustic emission of sandstone samples corresponds to the peak stress under the condition of being dried and lags behind with the increase of moisture content which shows "delaying" characteristics;in the mean time,pulse count decreases significantly with the peak of energy.According to these,technical thoughts are put forward to predict and forecast the stability of such kind of sandstone roof.
Water-bearing sandstone is widely distributed in the roof of primary mining coal seam of Ningdong coal field,which is prone to deformation and instability.In this experiment component of water-bearing sandstone is quantitatively analyzed,and time relationship between drying and water suction of sandstone is also studied.Research shows that this kind of sandstone is rich in clay minerals,and the variation of moisture content tends to keep stable six hours after being dried and soaked respectively;moreover,uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the sandstone decrease on the scale of exponential function with the increase of moisture content.The results of acoustic emission characteristics experiment show that count peak of acoustic emission of sandstone samples corresponds to the peak stress under the condition of being dried and lags behind with the increase of moisture content which shows "delaying" characteristics;in the mean time,pulse count decreases significantly with the peak of energy.According to these,technical thoughts are put forward to predict and forecast the stability of such kind of sandstone roof.
引文
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[18]文兴,唐绍辉,闭理楚.多通道声发射监测系统在矿山安全开采中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(3):65-67.WEN Xing,TANG Shao-hui,BI Li-chu.Application of multi-channel AE system in mining engineering[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(3):65-67.
[19]王宁,雷劲松,韩志型.岩体声发射量化指标在采场稳定性监测中的应用[J].有色金属,2008,60(1):96-100.WANG Ning,LEI Jin-song,HAN Zhi-xing.Acoustic Emission quantitative criterion on rock mass and application on stope stability monitoring[J].Nonferrous,2008,60(1):96-100.
[2]刘彬,聂德新.断层泥强度参数与含水率关系研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(12):2164-2167.LIU Bin,NIE De-xin.Study on relation between strength parameter and water content of gouge[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(12):2164-2167.
[3]秦虎,黄滚,王维忠.不同含水率煤岩受压变形破坏全过程声发射特征试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,31(6):1115-1120.QIN Hu,HUANG Gun,WANG Wei-zhong.Experimental study of acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples with different moisture contents in process of compression deformation and failure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,31(6):1115-1120.
[4]黄伟,周文斌,陈鹏.水-岩化学作用对岩石的力学效应的研究[J].西部探矿工程,2006,28(1):122-125.HUANG Wei,ZHOU Wen-bin,CHEN Peng.The study on mechanical effect of the chemical action of water-rock on rocks[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,28(1):122-125.
[5]陈钢林,周仁德.水对受力岩石变形破坏宏观力学效应的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(3):335-341.CHEN Gang-lin,ZHOU Ren-de.An experimental study concerning the macroscopic effect of water on the deformation and failure of loaded rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1991,34(3):335-341.
[6]沈荣喜,刘长武,刘晓斐.压力水作用下碳质页岩三轴流变特征及模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(7):1031-1034.SHENG Rong-xi,LIU Chang-wu,LIU Xiao-fei.Triaxial rheology characteristics and model of carbonaceous shale in pressure water[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1031-1034.
[7]费晓东,董正筑,李玉寿,等.动态孔隙水作用下砂岩力学特性试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(3):425-428.FEI Xiao-dong,DONG Zheng-zhu,LI Yu-shou,et al.Experimental study of mechanical properties of sandstone under a dynamic pore pressure[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(3):425-428.
[8]汤连生,张鹏程,王思敬.水-岩化学作用的岩石宏观力学效应的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):526-531.TANG Lian-sheng,ZHANG PENG-cheng,WANG Sijing.Testing study on macroscopic mechanics effect of chemical action of water rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(4):526-531.
[9]陈四利,冯夏庭,周辉.化学腐蚀下砂岩三轴压缩力学效应的试验[J].东北大学学报,2003,24(3):292-295.CHEN Si-li,FENG Xia-ting,ZHOU Hui.Experiments on the mechanical effects of sandstone with chemical erosion under the triaxial compress[J].Journal of Northeastern University,2003,24(3):292-295.
[10]常春,周德培,郭增军.水对岩石屈服强度的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(4):407-411.CHANG Chun,ZHOU De-pei,GUO Zeng-jun.The effect of water on rock yield strengt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(4):407-411.
[11]张有天.岩石水力学与工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:34-40.
[12]苏承东,高保彬,南华,等.不同应力路径下煤样变形破坏过程声发射特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):757-766.SU Cheng-dong,GAO Bao-bin,NAN Hua,et al.Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristics during deformation and failure process of coal samples under different stress paths[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):757-766.
[13]宿辉,李长洪.不同围压条件下花岗岩压缩破坏声发射特征细观数值模拟[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(11):1312-1318.SU Hui,LI Chang-hong.Mesoscopic numerical simulation of acoustic emission experiment in rock compression failure under different confining pressures[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(11):1312-1318.
[14]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.不同温度条件下花岗岩变形破坏及声发射时序特征[J].地震,2000,20(3):87-94.JIANG Hai-kun,ZHANG Liu,ZHOU Yong-sheng.Characteristics of AE temporal sequences in the process of deformation and failure of Granite at high pressure and different temperatures[J].Earthquake,2000,20(3):87-94.
[15]唐书恒,颜志丰,朱宝存,等.饱和含水煤岩单轴压缩条件下的声发射特征[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):37-41.TANG Shu-heng,YAN Zhi-feng,Zhu Bao-cun,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of water-saturated coals in uniaxial compression experiment[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):37-41.
[16]姚强岭,李学华,瞿群迪.富水煤层巷道顶板失稳机理与围岩控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(1):12-17.YAO Qiang-ling,LI Xue-hua,QU Qun-di.Instability mechanism and technique of surrounding rock control of water-enriched roofs of coal drifts[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(1):12-17.
[17]姚强岭,李学华,陈庆峰.含水砂岩顶板巷道失稳破坏特征及分类研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):50-56.YAO Qiang-ling,LI Xue-hua,CHEN Qing-feng.Research on the characteristics and classification of water-enriched sandstone roofs[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,42(1):50-56.
[18]文兴,唐绍辉,闭理楚.多通道声发射监测系统在矿山安全开采中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(3):65-67.WEN Xing,TANG Shao-hui,BI Li-chu.Application of multi-channel AE system in mining engineering[J].Mining Research and Development,2009,29(3):65-67.
[19]王宁,雷劲松,韩志型.岩体声发射量化指标在采场稳定性监测中的应用[J].有色金属,2008,60(1):96-100.WANG Ning,LEI Jin-song,HAN Zhi-xing.Acoustic Emission quantitative criterion on rock mass and application on stope stability monitoring[J].Nonferrous,2008,60(1):96-100.
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