高突低渗煤层立体网状穿层压裂防突技术试验研究
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摘要
为了解决单一低渗高突煤层瓦斯治理难题,运用弹性力学和断裂力学的理论,提出立体网状穿层压裂增透消突技术,建立计算目标煤层起裂压力的模型。集成配套了井下压裂成套设备,首次利用SF6气体示踪剂确定立体网状穿层压裂范围。结果表明:技术实施后,缝隙网络发育、瓦斯抽采效果提高了1.69~1.83倍,煤层膨胀率达到0.581%,电磁辐射预测突出指标降低了35%~45%,增透消突效果显著。大范围、区域化实施立体网状穿层压裂技术,能够实现技术优越性。
In order to research the problem of gas in severe-outburst and low-permeability single coal seam,by applying the fracture mechanics and elastic theory,a technology about space mesh hydraulic fracturing by drilling through strata for outburst prevention in severe-outburst and low-permeability single coal seam was presented.A model was established to deduce the value of initiation pressure,and a new device exporting flowrates and pressure was produced.The industrial experiments were implemented with SF6 tracer investigating the fracture network.The results show that the technology can largely increase the permeability of the seam,improve the comprehensive gas drainage rate by 1.691.83 times,expand the coal seam 0.581%,and reduce the electromagnetic radiation prediction index 35%-45%.Compared with the small areas,this method can eliminate the outburst by increasing permeability with hydraulic fracturing in large areas.
In order to research the problem of gas in severe-outburst and low-permeability single coal seam,by applying the fracture mechanics and elastic theory,a technology about space mesh hydraulic fracturing by drilling through strata for outburst prevention in severe-outburst and low-permeability single coal seam was presented.A model was established to deduce the value of initiation pressure,and a new device exporting flowrates and pressure was produced.The industrial experiments were implemented with SF6 tracer investigating the fracture network.The results show that the technology can largely increase the permeability of the seam,improve the comprehensive gas drainage rate by 1.691.83 times,expand the coal seam 0.581%,and reduce the electromagnetic radiation prediction index 35%-45%.Compared with the small areas,this method can eliminate the outburst by increasing permeability with hydraulic fracturing in large areas.
引文
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[17]陈开岩,李尚国,张作华,等.示踪气体测风方法有关理论问题的研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(1):10-14.Chen Kaiyan,Li Shangguo,Zhang Zuohua,et al.Theoretic researchrelated to the method of measuring rir quantity by means of a trac-ing gas[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(1):10-14.
[18]王海桥.示踪气体测量理论及在矿井通风中的应用[J].工业安全与防尘,2000(2):11-13.Wang Haiqiao.Theory and application in mine ventilation of tracergas measurement[J].Industrial Safety and Dust Control,2000(2):11-13.
[19]国家煤矿安全监察局.防治煤与瓦斯突出规定[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.State Administration of Coal Mine Safety of China.Rules of coaland gas outburst prevention[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Pub-lishing House,2009.
[20]王恩元,何学秋,聂百胜,等.磁辐射法预测煤与瓦斯突出原理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(3):225-229.Wang Enyuan,He Xueqiu,Nie Baisheng,et al.Principle of predic-ting coal and gas outburstusing electromagnetic emission[J].Jour-nal of China University of Mining&Technology,2000,29(3):225-229.
[2]赵阳升,杨栋,胡耀青,等.低渗透煤储层煤层气开采有效技术途径的研究[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(5):455-458.Zhao Yangsheng,Yang Dong,Hu Yaoqing,et at.Study on the effec-tive exploration of CBM in low-permeability coal seam[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2001,26(5):455-458.
[3]戴广龙,汪有清,张纯如,等.保护层开采工作面瓦斯涌出量预测[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(4):382-385.Dai Guanglong,Wang Youqing,Zhang Chunru,et al.Forecast of thegas effused from the face in protective seam[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2007,32(4):382-385.
[4]刘明举,孔留安,郝富昌,等.水力冲孔技术在严重突出煤层中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(4):451-454.Liu Mingju,Kong Liuan,Hao Fuchang,et al.Application of hydrau-lic flushing technology in severe outburst coal[J].Journal of ChinaCoal Society,2005,30(4):451-454.
[5]龚敏,王德胜,黄毅华,等.突出煤层深孔控制爆破时控制孔的作用[J].爆炸与冲击,2008,28(4):310-315.Gong Min,Wang Desheng,Huang Yihua,et al.Action of controlholes on deep-hole blasting in outburst coalseams[J].Explosion andShock Waves,2008,28(4):310-315.
[6]张德江.大力推进煤矿瓦斯抽采利用[J].求是,2009,24:3-5.Zhang Dejiang.Energetically promote mine gas development and uti-lization[J].Qiushi Journal,2009,24:3-5.
[7]冯增朝.低渗透煤层瓦斯强化抽采理论及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:27-31.Feng Zengchao.Theory and application of enhanced gas drainage inlow-permeability coal seams[M].Beijing Science Press,2008:27-31.
[8]黄炳香.煤岩体水力致裂弱化的理论与应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2009.Huang Bingxiang.Research on theroy and application of hydraulicfracture weakening for coal-rock mass[D].Xuzhou:China Universityof Mining and Technology,2009.
[9]张国华.本煤层水力压裂致裂机理及裂隙发展过程研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2003.Zhang Guohua.The study of induce-crack mechanicals and crannysdevelopment process about hydraulic fracture in mining-coal bed[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2003.
[10]赵延林.裂隙岩体渗流-损伤-断裂耦合理论及应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.Zhao Yanlin.Coupling theory of seepage-damage-fracture in frac-tured rock masses and its application[D].Changsha:Central SouthUniversity,2009.
[11]景锋,盛谦,张勇慧,等.中国大陆浅层地壳实测地应力分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2057-2062.Jing Feng,Sheng Qian,Zhang Yonghui,et al.Research on distribu-tion rule of shallow crustal geostress in China mainland[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2057-2062.
[12]朱焕春,陶振宇.不同岩石中地应力分布[J].地震学报,1994,16(1):49-63.Zhu Huanchun,Tao Zhenyu.Insitustress distribution in differentrocks[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(1):49-63.
[13]卢运虎,陈勉,金衍,等.深层地应力地理方位确定的新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):233-237.Lu Yunhu,Chen Mian,Jin Yan,et al.A new method for determina-tion of geographic orientation of deep formation geostress[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):233-237.
[14]李文成,马春德,李凯,等.贵州开阳磷矿三维地应力场测量及分布规律研究[J].采矿技术,2010,10(5):31-33.Li Wencheng,Ma Chunde,Li Kai,et.al.Research on distributionregularity of geostress field in Guizhou Kaiyang phosphorite mine[J].Mining Technology,2010,10(5):31-33.
[15]陈耀武,冯其红,陈月明,等.井组示踪剂产出曲线组合解释方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(4):74-77.Chen Yaowu,Feng Qihong,Chen Yueming,et al.Interpretationmethod research for well-group tracer production curves[J].Journalof China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(4):74-77.
[16]张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(3):48-51.Zhang Zhao,Cheng Mingqiang,Gao Yongli.Estimation of the con-nectivity between oil wells and water injection wells in low-permea-bility reservoir using tracer detection technique[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2006,21(3):48-51.
[17]陈开岩,李尚国,张作华,等.示踪气体测风方法有关理论问题的研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(1):10-14.Chen Kaiyan,Li Shangguo,Zhang Zuohua,et al.Theoretic researchrelated to the method of measuring rir quantity by means of a trac-ing gas[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(1):10-14.
[18]王海桥.示踪气体测量理论及在矿井通风中的应用[J].工业安全与防尘,2000(2):11-13.Wang Haiqiao.Theory and application in mine ventilation of tracergas measurement[J].Industrial Safety and Dust Control,2000(2):11-13.
[19]国家煤矿安全监察局.防治煤与瓦斯突出规定[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.State Administration of Coal Mine Safety of China.Rules of coaland gas outburst prevention[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Pub-lishing House,2009.
[20]王恩元,何学秋,聂百胜,等.磁辐射法预测煤与瓦斯突出原理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(3):225-229.Wang Enyuan,He Xueqiu,Nie Baisheng,et al.Principle of predic-ting coal and gas outburstusing electromagnetic emission[J].Jour-nal of China University of Mining&Technology,2000,29(3):225-229.
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