基于表面分形特征的煤岩冲击倾向性评价
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摘要
对于煤岩体冲击倾向性的评价,目前主要采用煤的冲击能量指数K E,弹性能量指数W ET和动态破坏时间D t三种指标。由于煤岩体的孔隙越发育(也就是孔隙率大、孔隙数量多、结构复杂等),则一般情况下其宏观力学强度就越低,岩体内积聚的能量容易通过塑性变形或破裂消耗掉,冲击倾向性就越低;同时,通过研究煤岩扫描电镜(SEM)图像,计算其孔隙特征参数和分形维数,发现煤岩体具有良好的分形特征,并且孔隙发育程度可以很好地被分形维数所描述,因此引入分形维数D f来描述煤岩冲击倾向性是合适的,一般来说分形维数越大则冲击倾向性越小。
Currently,there are three major indexes applied in evaluating proneness of the coal rockburst,including impact energy index K E,elastic energy index W ET,and dynamic failure time D t.In general case,the more complicated the porosity of coal rock is,that is,higher porosity,more pores,more complicated structure,etc.,the greater the attenuation of the mechanical strength will be,and the easier the consumption of energy,accumulated in the coal rock,will be consumed away by means of plastic deformation or rupture,therefore the less the proneness of impact will be;meanwhile,by studying coal rock image taken by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) to calculate the pore characteristic parameters and the fractal dimension,it is found that coal-rock mass has good fractal characteristics,and that the pore development can be well demonstrated by fractal dimension.Therefore,in addition to the three indexes,the fractal dimension D f also can be introduced to evaluate the proneness of the coal rockburst based on the above research,and the conclusion can be drawn that the greater the fractal dimension,the less the proneness of coal rockburst will be.
Currently,there are three major indexes applied in evaluating proneness of the coal rockburst,including impact energy index K E,elastic energy index W ET,and dynamic failure time D t.In general case,the more complicated the porosity of coal rock is,that is,higher porosity,more pores,more complicated structure,etc.,the greater the attenuation of the mechanical strength will be,and the easier the consumption of energy,accumulated in the coal rock,will be consumed away by means of plastic deformation or rupture,therefore the less the proneness of impact will be;meanwhile,by studying coal rock image taken by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) to calculate the pore characteristic parameters and the fractal dimension,it is found that coal-rock mass has good fractal characteristics,and that the pore development can be well demonstrated by fractal dimension.Therefore,in addition to the three indexes,the fractal dimension D f also can be introduced to evaluate the proneness of the coal rockburst based on the above research,and the conclusion can be drawn that the greater the fractal dimension,the less the proneness of coal rockburst will be.
引文
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[2]陈炎光,钱鸣高.中国煤矿采场围岩控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.(Chen Yanguang,QianMinggao.Mining area surrounding rock control in China[M].Beijing:Coal Industry Press,1994.(in Chi-nese))
[3]窦林名,陆菜平,牟宗龙,等.冲击矿压的强度弱化减冲理论及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):690-694.(Dou Linming,Lu Caiping,Mou Zonglong,et al.Intensity weakening theory for rockburst and its applica-tion[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(5):690-694.(in Chinese))
[4]吴家龙.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.(Wu Jialong.Elastic mechanics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[5]陈颙,陈凌.分形几何学[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.(Chen Yong,Chen Ling.Fractal geometry[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[6]程明俊.煤渗透性能及煤与瓦斯突出过程模拟实验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.(Cheng Mingjun.Research on the permeability of coal and the simulationof coal and gas outburst process[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.(in Chinese))
[7]吴鑫.不同煤粉粒径条件下煤与瓦斯突出模拟实验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.(Wu Xin.Researchon simulation experiments on coal and gas outburst invarious particle size[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Univer-sity,2010.(in Chinese))
[8]苏现波,陈江峰,孙俊民,等.煤层气地质学与勘探开发[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.(Su Xianbo,ChenJiangfeng,Sun Junming,et al.Coal bed methane geologyand exploration[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.(inChinese))
[9]桑树勋,朱炎铭,张时音,等.煤吸附气体的固气作用机理(1)—煤孔隙结构与固气作用[J].天然气工业,2005,25(1):13-16.(Shang Shuxun,Zhu Yanming,Zhang Shiying,et al.Solid-gas interaction mechanism ofcoal-adsorbed gas(Ⅰ)-coal pore structure and solid-gas interaction[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(1):13-16.(in Chinese))
[10]张慧,李小彦,郝琦,等.中国煤的扫描电子显微镜研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2003.(Zhang Hui,Li Xi-aoyan,Hao Qi,et al.Scanning electron microscopy re-search of China’s coal[M].Beijing:Geological Press,2003.(in Chinese))
[11]张玉涛,土德明,仲晓星.煤孔隙分形特征及其随温度的变化规律[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(11):73-76.(Zhang Yutao,Tu Deming,Hong Xiaoxing.Fea-tures of fissure sharp in coal borehole and variation lawwith temperature[J].Coal Science and Technology,2007,35(11):73-76.(in Chinese))
[12]文志英.分形几何的数学基础[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000.(Wen Zhiying.The mathematicalbasis of fractal geometry[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Sci-ence and Technology Education Press,2000.(in Chi-nese))
[13]刘式达,刘式适.分形与分维引论[M].北京:气象出版社,1993.(Liu Shida,Liu Shishi.Fractal theoryand fractal dimension Citation[M].Beijing:Meteoro-logical Press,1993.(in Chinese))
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