青藏高原东北缘宽频带地震台阵远震记录波形及背景噪声分析
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摘要
本文利用远震极性分析和概率密度函数统计法对国家深部探测专项Sino Probe"青藏高原东北缘宽频带地震台阵"40个台站的远震记录波形和背景噪声进行了评估和影响因素分析。结果表明:(1)该台阵对远震有较好的记录和识别能力,且单台定位结果较好;(2)被检测台站背景噪声达到或接近同类地区固定台站的噪声水平标准,观测数据品质较高;(3)根据实际观测资料计算的各台站概率密度函数PDF分析结果建议,在青藏高原东北缘黄土层较厚地区开展宽频带流动观测,应首选基岩台基以保证三分量观测效果,在不得已选择非基岩台基情况下,应深埋地震计以达到最大程度降噪。
According to the analysis of tele-seismic waveforms and Probability Density Function(PDF), the ambient noise of the broadband seismic array with 40 stations on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau was estimated. The results from polarity analysis were also used to test the recording capability of the tele-seismic event. Some conclusions have been reached:(1) the array has good capability for tele-seismic event;(2) the level of background noise of the seismic array is close to that of the permanent stations, the quality of records is high;(3) the results from PDF analysis imply that the best choice of the base for seismometer is the bed rock. The seismometer should be buried beneath the ground if there is no bed rock.
According to the analysis of tele-seismic waveforms and Probability Density Function(PDF), the ambient noise of the broadband seismic array with 40 stations on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau was estimated. The results from polarity analysis were also used to test the recording capability of the tele-seismic event. Some conclusions have been reached:(1) the array has good capability for tele-seismic event;(2) the level of background noise of the seismic array is close to that of the permanent stations, the quality of records is high;(3) the results from PDF analysis imply that the best choice of the base for seismometer is the bed rock. The seismometer should be buried beneath the ground if there is no bed rock.
引文
高锐,王海燕,王成善,尹安,张玉修,李秋生,郭彤楼,李文辉.2011.青藏高原东北缘岩石圈缩短变形——深地震反射剖面再处理提供的证据[J].地球学报,32(5):513-520.
高锐,熊小松,李秋生,卢占武.2009.由地震探测揭示的青藏高原莫霍面深度[J].地球学报,30(6):761-773.
高原.1996.宽频带地震学与中强地震破裂过程的研究[J].地球物理学进展,11(4):34-46.
葛洪魁,陈海潮,欧阳飚,杨微,张梅,袁松涌,王宝善.2013.流动地震观测背景噪声的台基响应[J].地球物理学报,56(3):857-868.
国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2004.地震台站环境技术要求第一部分:测震GB/T 19531.1—2004[S].北京:中国标准出版社.
李秋生,史大年.2001.宽频带数字地震观测数据子库[J].地球学报,22(6):507-512.
田勤俭,丁国瑜.1998.青藏高原东北隅似三联点构造特征[J].中国地震,14(4):27-35.
吴建平,欧阳飚,王未来,姚志祥,袁松涌.2012.华北地区地震环境噪声特征研究[J].地震学报,34(6):818-829.
吴庆举,曾融生.1998.用宽频带远震接收函数研究青藏高原的地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,41(5):669-679.
谢剑波,何寿清,吕金水,吴永权,张政平,黎珠博,王国望.2007.宽频带地震计的安装[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(1):57-63.
赵文津,吴珍汉,史大年,熊嘉育,薛光琦,宿和平,胡道功,叶培盛.2008.国际合作INDEPTH项目横穿青藏高原的深部探测与综合研究[J].地球学报,29(3):328-342.
BONNEFOY-CLAUDET S,COTTON F,BARD P Y.2006.The nature of noise wavefield and its applications for site effects studies:A literature revies[J].Earth-Science Reviews,79(3-4):205-227.
FRONTERA T,UGALDE A,OLIVERA C,JARA J A,GOULA X.2010.Seismic Ambient Noise Characterization of a New Permanent Broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometer Site offshore Catalonia(Northeastern Iberian Peninsula)[J].Seismological Research Letters,81(5):740-749.
GAO Rui,WANG Hai-yan,WANG Cheng-shan,YIN An,ZHANG Yu-xiu,LI Qiu-sheng,GUO Tong-lou,LI Wen-hui.2011.Lithospheric Deformation Shortening of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau:Evidence from Reprocessing of Deep Seismic Reflection Data[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(5):513 -520(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Rui,XIONG Xiao-song,LI Qiu-sheng,LU Zhan-wu.2009.The Moho Depth of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Revealed by Seismic Detection[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(5):513-520(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yuan.1996.Broadband Seismology and Studies on the Rupture Process of Intermediate and Large Earthquakes[J].Progress in Geophysics,11(4):34-46(in Chinese with English abstract).
GE Hong-kui,CHEN Hai-chao,OUYANG Biao,YANG Wei,ZHANG Mei,YUAN Song-yong,WANG Bao-shan.2013.Transprotable seismometer response to seismic noise in vault[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(3):857-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.2004.Technical requirement for observational environment of seismic stations Part 1:Seismometry GB/T 19531.1-2004[S].Beijing:China Standard Press(in Chinese).
LONGUET-HIGGINS M S.1950.A theory of the origin of microseisms[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,Serries A,Mathematical and Physical Sciences,243(857):1-35.
KIND R,YUAN X H.2010.Seismic Images of the Biggest Crash on Earth[J].Science,329:1479-1480.
LI Qiu-sheng,SHI Da-nian.2001.The Sub-Database of Broadband Digital Seismographic Survey[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,22 (6):507-512(in Chinese with English abstract).
MCNAMAR D E,BULAND R P.2004.Ambient noise levels in the continental United States[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,94(4):1517-1527.
PETERSON J.1993.Observations and modeling of seismic background noise[R].U.S.Geological Surv.Open File Report,1993:93-322.
TIAN Qin-jian,DING Guo-yu.1998.The Tectonic Feature of a Quasi-trijunction in the Northeastern Corner of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Earthquake Research in China,14(4):27 -35(in Chinese with English abstract).
USGS.2013.Earthquake Archive Search&URL Builder[EB/OL].[2013-01-11].http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/.
WESSEL P,SMITH W.1995.New Version of the Generic Mapping Tools Released[J].EOS,76:329.
WIELANDT E.2002.Seismic Sensors and their Calibration[M/OL].[2013-01-11].http://www.docin.com/p-627048690.html.
WU Jian-ping,OUYANG Biao,WANG Wei-lai,YAO Zhi-xiang,YUAN Song-yong.2012.Ambient noise level of North China from temporary seismic array[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,34 (6):818-829(in Chinese with English abstract).
WU Qing-ju,ZENG Rong-sheng.1998.The Crustal Structure of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau inferred from Broadband Teleseismic Waveform[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,41(5):669-679(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIE Jian-bo,HE Shou-qing,LüJin-shui,WU Yong-quan,ZHANG Zheng-ping,LI Zhu-bo,WANG Guo-wang.2007.Installation of broadband seismometer[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,28(1):57-63(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Wen-jin,WU Zhen-han,SHI Da-nian,XIONG Jia-yu,XUE Guang-qi,SU He-ping,HU Dao-gong,YE Pei-sheng.2008.Comprehensive Deep Profiling of Tibetan Plateau in the INDEPTH Project[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(3):328 -342(in Chinese with English abstract).
高锐,熊小松,李秋生,卢占武.2009.由地震探测揭示的青藏高原莫霍面深度[J].地球学报,30(6):761-773.
高原.1996.宽频带地震学与中强地震破裂过程的研究[J].地球物理学进展,11(4):34-46.
葛洪魁,陈海潮,欧阳飚,杨微,张梅,袁松涌,王宝善.2013.流动地震观测背景噪声的台基响应[J].地球物理学报,56(3):857-868.
国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2004.地震台站环境技术要求第一部分:测震GB/T 19531.1—2004[S].北京:中国标准出版社.
李秋生,史大年.2001.宽频带数字地震观测数据子库[J].地球学报,22(6):507-512.
田勤俭,丁国瑜.1998.青藏高原东北隅似三联点构造特征[J].中国地震,14(4):27-35.
吴建平,欧阳飚,王未来,姚志祥,袁松涌.2012.华北地区地震环境噪声特征研究[J].地震学报,34(6):818-829.
吴庆举,曾融生.1998.用宽频带远震接收函数研究青藏高原的地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,41(5):669-679.
谢剑波,何寿清,吕金水,吴永权,张政平,黎珠博,王国望.2007.宽频带地震计的安装[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(1):57-63.
赵文津,吴珍汉,史大年,熊嘉育,薛光琦,宿和平,胡道功,叶培盛.2008.国际合作INDEPTH项目横穿青藏高原的深部探测与综合研究[J].地球学报,29(3):328-342.
BONNEFOY-CLAUDET S,COTTON F,BARD P Y.2006.The nature of noise wavefield and its applications for site effects studies:A literature revies[J].Earth-Science Reviews,79(3-4):205-227.
FRONTERA T,UGALDE A,OLIVERA C,JARA J A,GOULA X.2010.Seismic Ambient Noise Characterization of a New Permanent Broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometer Site offshore Catalonia(Northeastern Iberian Peninsula)[J].Seismological Research Letters,81(5):740-749.
GAO Rui,WANG Hai-yan,WANG Cheng-shan,YIN An,ZHANG Yu-xiu,LI Qiu-sheng,GUO Tong-lou,LI Wen-hui.2011.Lithospheric Deformation Shortening of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau:Evidence from Reprocessing of Deep Seismic Reflection Data[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(5):513 -520(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Rui,XIONG Xiao-song,LI Qiu-sheng,LU Zhan-wu.2009.The Moho Depth of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Revealed by Seismic Detection[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(5):513-520(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yuan.1996.Broadband Seismology and Studies on the Rupture Process of Intermediate and Large Earthquakes[J].Progress in Geophysics,11(4):34-46(in Chinese with English abstract).
GE Hong-kui,CHEN Hai-chao,OUYANG Biao,YANG Wei,ZHANG Mei,YUAN Song-yong,WANG Bao-shan.2013.Transprotable seismometer response to seismic noise in vault[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,56(3):857-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.2004.Technical requirement for observational environment of seismic stations Part 1:Seismometry GB/T 19531.1-2004[S].Beijing:China Standard Press(in Chinese).
LONGUET-HIGGINS M S.1950.A theory of the origin of microseisms[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,Serries A,Mathematical and Physical Sciences,243(857):1-35.
KIND R,YUAN X H.2010.Seismic Images of the Biggest Crash on Earth[J].Science,329:1479-1480.
LI Qiu-sheng,SHI Da-nian.2001.The Sub-Database of Broadband Digital Seismographic Survey[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,22 (6):507-512(in Chinese with English abstract).
MCNAMAR D E,BULAND R P.2004.Ambient noise levels in the continental United States[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,94(4):1517-1527.
PETERSON J.1993.Observations and modeling of seismic background noise[R].U.S.Geological Surv.Open File Report,1993:93-322.
TIAN Qin-jian,DING Guo-yu.1998.The Tectonic Feature of a Quasi-trijunction in the Northeastern Corner of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Earthquake Research in China,14(4):27 -35(in Chinese with English abstract).
USGS.2013.Earthquake Archive Search&URL Builder[EB/OL].[2013-01-11].http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/.
WESSEL P,SMITH W.1995.New Version of the Generic Mapping Tools Released[J].EOS,76:329.
WIELANDT E.2002.Seismic Sensors and their Calibration[M/OL].[2013-01-11].http://www.docin.com/p-627048690.html.
WU Jian-ping,OUYANG Biao,WANG Wei-lai,YAO Zhi-xiang,YUAN Song-yong.2012.Ambient noise level of North China from temporary seismic array[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,34 (6):818-829(in Chinese with English abstract).
WU Qing-ju,ZENG Rong-sheng.1998.The Crustal Structure of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau inferred from Broadband Teleseismic Waveform[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,41(5):669-679(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIE Jian-bo,HE Shou-qing,LüJin-shui,WU Yong-quan,ZHANG Zheng-ping,LI Zhu-bo,WANG Guo-wang.2007.Installation of broadband seismometer[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,28(1):57-63(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Wen-jin,WU Zhen-han,SHI Da-nian,XIONG Jia-yu,XUE Guang-qi,SU He-ping,HU Dao-gong,YE Pei-sheng.2008.Comprehensive Deep Profiling of Tibetan Plateau in the INDEPTH Project[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(3):328 -342(in Chinese with English abstract).
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